职称英语《理工B》真题及答案代码22.docx
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职称英语《理工B》真题及答案代码22
∙ 2014职称英语《理工B》真题及答案（代码22）
第一部分：
词汇选项
下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。
1.Themajorityofpeoplearoundherearedecent.
A.real
B.honest
C.normal
D.wealthy
答案：
D
2.Thecurriculumwastoonarrowandtoorigid.
A.hidden
B.traditional
C.inflexible
D.official
答案：
C
3.Thecommitteewasaskedtorenderareportonthehousingsituation.
A.furnish
B.copy
C.publish
D.summarize
答案：
A
4.Afterwardstherewasjustafeelingoflet-down.
A.excitement
B.disappointment
C.anger
D.calm
答案：
B
5.Severalwindowshadbeensmashed.
A.cleaned
B.replaced
C.fixed
D.broken
答案：
D
6.Theworstagoniesofthewarwerenowbeginning.
A.pains
B.parts
C.aspects
D.results
答案：
A
7.Londonquicklybecameaflourishingport.
A.major
B.large
C.successful
D.commercial
答案：
C
8.Shefeltthatshehaddonehergooddeedfortheday.
A.homework
B.justice
C.model
D.act
答案：
D
9.Heledaverymorallife.
A.human
B.intelligent
C.natural
D.honourable
答案：
D
10.Hisstomachfelthollowwithfear.
A.sincere
B.respectful
C.empty
D.terrible
答案：
C
11.Itwasamajicnightuntilthespellwasbroken.
A.time
B.charm
C.space
D.opportunity
答案：
B
12.Hisprofessionalcareerspanned16years.
A.started
B.changed
C.moved
D.lasted
答案：
D
13.Theyaretryingtoidentifywhatiswrongwiththepresentsystem.
A.discover
B.prove
C.consider
D.imagine
答案：
A
14.HisknowledgeofFrenchisfair.
A.veryuseful
B.verylimited
C.quitegood
D.ratherspecial
答案：
B
15.Thegroupdoesnotadvocatetheuseofviolence.
A.limit
B.regulate
C.oppose
D.support
答案：
D
∙第二部分：
阅读判断
下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：
如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
SoMany'Earths'
TheMilkyWay（银河）containsbillionsofEarth-sizedplanetsthatcouldsupportlife that’sthefindingofanewstudy.ItdrawsondatethatcamefromNASA’stop planet-huntingtelescope.
AmechanicalfailurerecentlyputthatKeplerspacetelescopeoutofservice.Kepler hadplayedabigroleincreatingacensusofplanetsorbitingsome170,000stars.Itsdata havebeenhelpingastronomerspredicthowcommonplanetsareinourgalaxy.The telescopefocusedonhuntingplanetsthatmighthaveconditionssimilartothoseon Earth.
Theauthorsofastudy,publishedinTheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyof sciences,concludethatbetween14and30outofevery100stars,withamassand temperaturesimilartotheSun,mayhostaplanetthatcouldsupportlifeasweknowit.
SuchaplanetwouldhaveadiameteratleastaslargeasEarth’s,butnomorethantwice thatbig.Theplanetalsowouldhavetoorbitinastar’shabitablezone.That’swherethe surfacetemperaturewouldallowanywatertoexistasaliquid.
Thenewestimateofhowmanyplanetsmightfittheseconditionscomesfrom studyingmorethan42,000starsandidentifyingsuitableworldsorbitingthem.Thescientistsusedthosenumberstoextrapolate（推算）totherestofthestarsthatthe telescopecouldnotsee.
Theestimateisrough,theauthorsadmit.Ifappliedtothesolarsystem,itwould defineashabitableazonestartingasclosetotheSunasVenusandrunningtoasfar awayasMars.NeitherplanetisEarthlike（althougheithermighthavebeeninthedistant past）.Usingtighterlimits,theresearchersestimatethatbetween4and8outofevery100 SunlikestarscouldhostanEarth-sizedworld.Theseareonesthatwouldtake200to400 daystocompleteayearlyorbit.
Fouroutofevery100sunlikestarsdoesn’tsoundlikeabignumber.Itwouldmean, however,thattheMilkyWaycouldhostmorethanabillionEarth-sizedplanetswitha changeforlife.
16.TheKeplerspacetelescopehasbeeninservicefor15years.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
答案：
C
17.ThemaintaskoftheKeplerspacetelescopeistofindoutplanetswithsimilarconditionstoEarth’s.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
答案：
A
18.TheplanetthatcouldsupportlifemightbealittlebitsmallerthanEarth.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
答案：
B
19.TheEarthisplanetorbitingintheSun’shabitablezone.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
答案：
A
20.Thenewfindingisbasedonathoroughstudyof170,000starsintheMilkyWay.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
答案：
B
21.Theestimateofthenumberofplanetsthatcouldsupportlifeisnotveryaccurate.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
答案：
A
22.Thisisthefirstresearchfindingabouttheplanetswithachanceforlife.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
答案：
C
∙第三部分：
概括大意与完成句子
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试，任务：
（1）1-4题 要求从所给的4个选项中为段每段选择1个正确的小标题;
（2）第5-8题要求从所给的5个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。
ClimateChange:
TheLongReach
1.Earthiswarming.Sealevelsarerising.There‘smorecarbonintheair,andArcticice ismeltingfasterthanatanytimeinrecordedhistory.Scientistswhostudytheenvironmentto bettergauge（评估）.Earth’sfutureclimatenowarguethatthesechangesmaynotreverseforaverylongtime.
2.Peopleburnfossilfuelslikecoalandoilforenergy.Thatburningreleasescarbondioxide,acolorlessgas.Intheair,thisgastrapsheatatEarth’ssurface.Andthemorecarbondioxide released,themoretheplanetwarms.Ifcurrentconsumptionoffossilfuelsdoesn’tslow, thelong-termclimateimpactscouldlastthousandsofyears-andbemoreseverethanscientistshadbeenexpecting.ClimatologistRichardZeebeoftheUniversityofHawaiiatManoaoffersthisconclusioninanewpaper.
3.Mostclimate-changestudieslookatwhat’sgoingtohappeninthenextcenturyorso. Duringthattime,changesintheplanet’senvironmentcouldnudge（推动）globalwarming evenhigher.Forexample:
Snowandicereflectsunlightbackintospace.Butasthesemelt, sunlightcannowreach--andwarm–theexposedground.Thisextraheatraisestheair temperatureevenmore,causingevenmoresnowtomelt.Thistypeofrapidexaggeration ofimpactsiscalleda‘fastfeedback’.
4.Zeebesaysit’simportanttolookatfastfeedbacks.However,headds,they’relimited. Fromaclimatechangeperspective,‘Thiscenturyisthemostimportanttimeforthenext fewgenerations’,hetoldScienceNews“Buttheworldisnotendingin2100”.Forhisnew study.Zeebehowfocuseson“slowfeedbacks”.Whilefastfeedbackeventsunfoldoverdecadesorcenturies,slowfeedbackscantakethousandsofyears.Meltingofcontinentalicesheetsandthemigrationofplantlife---astheyrelocatetomorecomfortableareas---aretwoexamplesof slowfeedbacks.
5.Zeebegatheredinformationfrompreviouslypublishedstudiesinvestigatinghowsuchprocessesplayedoutoverthousandsofyearsduringpastdramaticchangesinclimate.Then hecameupwithaforecastforthefuturethataccountsforbothslowandfastfeedbackprocesses.Climateforecaststhatuseonlyfastfeedbackspredicta4.5degreeCelsius（8.1degree Fahrenheit）changebytheyear3000.Butslowfeedbacksaddedanother1.5℃-- fora6totalincrease,Zeebereports.Healsofoundthatslowfeedbackeventswillcauseglobalwarmingtopersistforthousandsofyearsafter peoplerunoutoffossilfuelstoburn.
23.Paragraph2________答案：
B
24.Paragraph3________答案：
C
25.Paragraph4________答案：
F
26.Paragraph5________答案：
A
A.Apredictionoffutureclimatechange
B.Impactofburningfossilfuels
C.Fastfeedbacks
D.Unpredictabilityoffeedbackprocesses
E.Risingofsealevels
F.Slowfeedbacks
27.Arcticicehasneverbeenmeltingsofastin_______答案：
F
28.Meltingofsnowandiceenablessunlighttoreach________答案：
E
29.Zeebecameupwithhisfutureclimatepredictionbyanalyzing________答案：
D
30.Afterfossilfuelsareusedup,globalwarmingwillcontinuefor________答案：
B
A.rapidexaggerationofimpacts
B.averylongtime
C.theextraheat
D.previouslypublishedstudies
E.theexposedground
F.recordedhistory
∙第四部分：
阅读理解
短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。
请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第一篇Eye-trackerLotsYouDragandDropFileswithaGlance
Boredofusingamouse?
Soonyou'llbeabletochangestuffonyourcomputerscreen–andthenmoveitdirectlyontoyoursmartphoneortablet（平板电脑）–withnothingmorethanaglance.
AsystemcalledEyeDropusesahead-mountedeyetrackerthatsimultaneouslyrecordsyourfieldofviewsoitknowswhereyouarelookingonthescreen.Gazingatanobject–aphoto,say–andthenpressingakey,selectsthatobject.Itcanthenbemovedfromthescreentoatabletorsmartphonejustbyglancingattheseconddevice,aslongasthetwoareconnectedwirelessly.
"Thebeautyofusinggazetosupportthisisthatoureyesnaturallyfocusoncontentthatwewanttoacquire,"saysJaysonTurner,whodevelopedthesystemwithcolleaguesatLancasterUniversity,UK.
TurnerbelievesEyeDropwouldbeusefultotransferaninteractivemaporcontactinformationfromapublicdisplaytoyoursmartphoneorforsharingphotos.
Abuttonneedstobeusedtoselecttheobjectyouarelookingatotherwiseyouendupwiththe"Midastouch"（点石成金）effect,wherebyeverythingyoulookatgetsselectedbyyourgaze,saysTurner."Imagineifyourmouseclickedoneverythingitpointedat,"hesays.
ChristianHolz,aresearcherinhuman-computerinteractionatYahooLabsinSunnyvale,California,saysthesystemisanicetakeongettingroundthisfundamentalproblemofusinggaze-trackingtointeract."EyeDropsolvesthisinaslick（灵巧的）waybycombiningitwithinputonthetouc
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