职称英语《理工B》真题及答案代码22.docx

1、职称英语理工B真题及答案代码22 2014职称英语理工B真题及答案(代码22)第一部分：词汇选项下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。1. The majority of people around here are decent.A. realB. honestC. normalD. wealthy答案：D2. The curriculum was too narrow and too rigid.A. hiddenB. traditionalC. inflexibleD. official答案：C3

2、. The committee was asked to render a report on the housing situation.A. furnishB. copyC. publishD. summarize答案：A4. Afterwards there was just a feeling of let-down.A. excitementB. disappointmentC. angerD. calm答案：B5. Several windows had been smashed.A. cleanedB. replacedC. fixedD. broken答案：D6. The wo

3、rst agonies of the war were now beginning.A. painsB. partsC. aspectsD. results答案：A7. London quickly became a flourishing port.A. majorB. largeC. successfulD. commercial答案：C8. She felt that she had done her good deed for the day.A. homeworkB. justiceC. modelD. act答案：D9. He led a very moral life.A. hu

4、manB. intelligentC. naturalD. honourable答案：D10. His stomach felt hollow with fear.A. sincereB. respectfulC. emptyD. terrible答案：C11. It was a majic night until the spell was broken.A. timeB. charmC. spaceD. opportunity答案：B12. His professional career spanned 16 years.A. startedB. changedC. movedD. las

5、ted答案：D13. They are trying to identify what is wrong with the present system.A. discoverB. proveC. considerD. imagine答案：A14. His knowledge of French is fair.A. very usefulB. very limitedC. quite goodD. rather special答案：B15. The group does not advocate the use of violence.A. limitB. regulateC. oppose

6、D. support答案：D 第二部分：阅读判断下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。So Many EarthsThe Milky Way (银河) contains billions of Earth-sized planets that could support lifethats the finding of a new study. It draws on date that came from NASAs topplanet-hunting te

7、lescope.A mechanical failure recently put that Kepler space telescope out of service. Keplerhad played a big role in creating a census of planets orbiting some 170,000 stars. Its datahave been helping astronomers predict how common planets are in our galaxy. Thetelescope focused on hunting planets t

8、hat might have conditions similar to those onEarth.The authors of a study,published in The Proceedings of the National Academy ofsciences,conclude that between 14 and 30 out of every 100 stars, with a mass andtemperature similar to the Sun, may host a planet that could support life as we know it.Suc

9、h a planet would have a diameter at least as large as Earths, but no more than twicethat big . The planet also would have to orbit in a stars habitable zone. Thats where thesurface temperature would allow any water to exist as a liquid.The new estimate of how many planets might fit these conditions

10、comes fromstudying more than 42,000 stars and identifying suitable worlds orbiting them. The scientists used those numbers to extrapolate (推算) to the rest of the stars that thetelescope could not see .The estimate is rough, the authors admit. If applied to the solar system, it woulddefine as habitab

11、le a zone starting as close to the Sun as Venus and running to as faraway as Mars. Neither planet is Earthlike (although either might have been in the distantpast). Using tighter limits, the researchers estimate that between 4 and 8 out of every 100Sunlike stars could host an Earth-sized world. Thes

12、e are ones that would take 200 to 400days to complete a yearly orbit.Four out of every 100 sunlike stars doesnt sound like a big number. It would mean,however, that the Milky Way could host more than a billion Earth-sized planets with achange for life.16. The Kepler space telescope has been in servi

13、ce for 15 years.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned答案：C17. The main task of the Kepler space telescope is to find out planets with similar conditions to Earths.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned答案：A18. The planet that could support life might be a little bit smaller than Earth.A. Right B. Wrong C. No

14、t mentioned答案：B19. The Earth is planet orbiting in the Suns habitable zone.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned答案：A20. The new finding is based on a thorough study of 170,000 stars in the Milky Way.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned答案：B21. The estimate of the number of planets that could support life

15、is not very accurate.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned答案：A22. This is the first research finding about the planets with a chance for life.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned答案：C 第三部分：概括大意与完成句子阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试，任务：(1)1-4题要求从所给的4个选项中为段每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2)第5-8题 要求从所给的5个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。Climate Change :

16、 The Long Reach1 . Earth is warming. Sea levels are rising. There s more carbon in the air, and Arctic iceis melting faster than at any time in recorded history. Scientists who study the environment tobetter gauge (评估) .Earths future climate now argue that these changes may not reverse for a very lo

17、ng time .2 . People burn fossil fuels like coal and oil for energy. That burning releases carbon dioxide, a colorless gas . In the air , this gas traps heat at Earths surface . And the more carbon dioxidereleased , the more the planet warms . If current consumption of fossil fuels doesnt slow ,the l

18、ong-term climate impacts could last thousands of years-and be more severe than scientists had been expecting. Climatologist Richard Zeebe of the University of Hawaii at Manoa offers this conclusion in a new paper.3. Most climate-change studies look at whats going to happen in the next century or so

19、.During that time, changes in the planets environment could nudge(推动) global warmingeven higher. For example: Snow and ice reflect sunlight back into space. But as these melt,sunlight can now reach- and warm the exposed ground . This extra heat raises the airtemperature even more, causing even more

20、snow to melt. This type of rapid exaggerationof impacts is called a fast feedback.4. Zeebe says its important to look at fast feedbacks. However, he adds, they re limited.From a climate change perspective, This century is the most important time for the nextfew generations, he told Science News “But

21、 the world is not ending in 2100”. For his newstudy. Zeebe how focuses on “slow feedbacks”. While fast feedback events unfold over decades or centuries, slow feedbacks can take thousands of years. Melting of continental ice sheets and the migration of plant life - as they relocate to more comfortabl

22、e areas - are two examples ofslow feedbacks.5. Zeebe gathered information from previously published studies investigating how such processes played out over thousands of years during past dramatic changes in climate. Thenhe came up with a forecast for the future that accounts for both slow and fast

23、feedback processes. Climate forecasts that use only fast feedbacks predict a 4.5 degree Celsius (8.1 degreeFahrenheit) change by the year 3000. But slow feedbacks added another 1.5 -for a 6 total increase, Zeebe reports. He also found that slow feedback events will cause global warming to persist fo

24、r thousands of years afterpeople run out of fossil fuels to burn.23. Paragraph 2 _ 答案：B24. Paragraph 3 _ 答案：C25. Paragraph 4 _ 答案：F26. Paragraph 5 _ 答案：AA. A prediction of future climate changeB. Impact of burning fossil fuelsC. Fast feedbacksD. Unpredictability of feedback processesE. Rising of sea

25、 levelsF. Slow feedbacks27. Arctic ice has never been melting so fast in _ 答案：F28. Melting of snow and ice enables sunlight to reach _ 答案：E29. Zeebe came up with his future climate prediction by analyzing _ 答案：D30. After fossil fuels are used up, global warming will continue for _ 答案：BA. rapid exagg

26、eration of impactsB. a very long timeC. the extra heatD. previously published studiesE. the exposed groundF. recorded history 第四部分：阅读理解短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。第一篇 Eye-tracker Lots You Drag and Drop Files with a GlanceBored of using a mouse? Soon youll be able

27、 to change stuff on your computer screen and then move it directly onto your smartphone or tablet(平板电脑) with nothing more than a glance.A system called EyeDrop uses a head-mounted eye tracker that simultaneously records your field of view so it knows where you are looking on the screen. Gazing at an

28、 object a photo, say and then pressing a key, selects that object. It can then be moved from the screen to a tablet or smartphone just by glancing at the second device, as long as the two are connected wirelessly.The beauty of using gaze to support this is that our eyes naturally focus on content th

29、at we want to acquire, says Jayson Turner, who developed the system with colleagues at Lancaster University, UK.Turner believes EyeDrop would be useful to transfer an interactive map or contact information from a public display to your smartphone or for sharing photos.A button needs to be used to se

30、lect the object you are looking at otherwise you end up with the Midas touch(点石成金) effect, whereby everything you look at gets selected by your gaze, says Turner. Imagine if your mouse clicked on everything it pointed at, he says.Christian Holz, a researcher in human-computer interaction at Yahoo Labs in Sunnyvale, California, says the system is a nice take on getting round this fundamental problem of using gaze-tracking to interact. EyeDrop solves this in a slick (灵巧的)way by combining it with input on the touc