大学英语四级题库.docx

大学英语四级题库.docx

《大学英语四级题库.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《大学英语四级题库.docx（46页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

大学英语四级题库

PartI.Writing（30minutes）

Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicMybestfriend.Youshouldwriteatleast120words,andbaseyourcompositionontheoutline（giveninChinese）below:

1.你最好的朋友是个什么样子的人。

2.你们如何成为好朋友的。

Part

.ReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）（15minutes）

Directions:

Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet.

Forquestions1-7,mark

Y（forYES）ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;

N（forNO）ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;

NG（forNOTGIVEN）iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.

Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

TurningFailureintoSuccess

Vicky---beautiful,talented,verybright,voted“MostLikelytoSucceed”in

college---gotapromisingjobwithalargespecialtystoreaftergraduation.Then,aftertwoyearswithoutpromotions,shewasfired.Shesufferedacompletenervousbreakdown.“Itwaspanic,”shetoldmelater.“EverythinghadalwaysgonesowellformethatIhadnoexperienceincopingwithrejection.IfeltIwasafailure.”

Vicky’sreactionisanextremeexampleofacommonphenomenon,Inasocietythatplacessomuchemphasison“makingit,”wefailtorecognizethatwhatlookslikefailuremay,inthelongrun,provebeneficial.WhenVickywasabletothinkcoollyaboutwhyshewasfired,forexample,sherealizedthatshewassimplynotsuitedtoajobdealingwithpeopleallthetime.Inhernewpositionasacopyeditor,sheworksindependently.Sheishappyandonceagain“successful.”

Peoplearegenerallypronetowhatsemanticist（语义学家）S.I.Hayakawacalls“thetwo-valuedorientation.”Wetalkaboutseeingbothsidesofaquestionasifeveryquestionhadonlytwosides.Weassumethateveryoneiseitherasuccessorafailurewhen,infact,infinitedegreesofbotharepossible.AsHayakawapointsout,there'saworldofdifferencebetween“Ihavefailedthreetimes”and“Iamafailure.”Indeed,thewordsfailureandsuccesscannotbereasonablyappliedtoacomplex,living,changinghumanbeing.Theycanonlydescribethesituationataparticulartimeandplace.

Obviouslynoonecanbeawhizz（能手）ateverything.Infact,successinoneareaoftenprecludessuccessinanother.Aneminentpoliticianoncetoldmethathiscareerhadpracticallydestroyedhismarriage.“Ihavenotimeformyfamily,”heexplained.“Itravelalot.AndevenwhenI’mhome,Ihardlyseemywifeandkids.I’vegotpower,money,prestige-butasahusbandandfather,I’maflop.”

Certainkindsofsuccesscanindeedbedestructive.Thedangeroftooearlysuccessisparticularlyacutewheneverachilddemonstratesspecialtalent.Irecallfrommychildhoodagirlwhoseskilloniceskatesmarkedheras“Olympicmaterial.”Whiletherestofthemwereplaying,bicycling,reading,makingthingsandjustloafing,thisgirlskatedeverydayafterschoolandallweekend.Herpictureoftenappearedinthepapers,andtherestofusenviedherglamorouslife.Yearslater,however,shespokebitterlyofthoseearlytriumphs.“Ineverpreparedmyselfforanythingbuttheice,”shesaid.“Ipeakedat17andit’sbeendownhilleversince.”

Successthatcomestooeasilyisalsodamaging.Thechildwhowinsaprizeforadashed-offessay,theadultwhodistinguisheshimselfatafirstjobbyluckyaccidentfacesprobabledisappointmentwhenrealchallengesarise.

Successisalsobadwhenit'sachievedatthecostofthetotalqualityofanexperience.Successfulstudentssometimesbecomesoobsessedwithgradesthattheyneverenjoytheirschoolyears.Theyneverbranchoutintotemptingnewareas,becausetheydon’twanttorisktheirgradeaverage.

Successmay,quitesimply,costtoomuch-instrain（infightingatthejob,keepingacheerfulpublicfacewhileyourpersonallifefallsapart）orlossofintegrity（诚实，正直）（flattering,lying,goingalongwithquestionableactions）.Aboveall,itmaybetoocostlyiftheendresultisfearofnotrepeatingthesuccess.OneofthemostsuccessfulhostessesIknowhascometohateentertaining:

“I’veacquiredsuchareputation,”sheexplains,“thatmyfriendsexpectmetooutdomyself.Ican’tdisappointthemandI’mwornoutbeforemyguestsarrive.”

Whyaresomanypeoplesoafraidoffailure?

Quitesimplybecausenoonetellsushowtofailsothatfailurebecomesagrowingexperience.Weforgetthatfailureispartofthehumanconditionandthat,asfamilytherapistVirginiaSatirobserves,“everypersonhastherighttofail.”

Mostparentsworkhardateitherpreventingfailureorprotectingtheirchildrenfromtheknowledgethattheyhavefailed.Onewayistolowerstandards.Amotherdescribesherchild’shastilymadetableas“perfect!

”eventhoughitwobbles（摇晃）onunevenness.Anotherwayistoshifttheblame.IfJohnfailsscience,histeacherisunfairorstupid.

Whenoneofmydaughterswasten,shedecidedtoraisemoneyforcharitybyholdingacarnival（狂欢节）.Proudofher,werashlyallowedhertoputpostersallovertown.Werealizedtoolatethatshecouldn’tpossiblyhandlealltherefreshments,showsandgamespromisedintheposters.Thewholefamilypitchedintopreventembarrassingfailureandthenextyearsheadvertisedanevenmoreambitiousevent.Whynot?

Wehadkeptherfromdiscoveringherlimitations.

Thetroublewithfailure-preventiondevicesisthattheyleaveachildunequippedforlifeintherealworld.Theyoungneedtolearnthatnoonecanbebestateverything,noonecanwinallthetimeandthatit’spossibletoenjoyagameevenwhenyoudon’twin.Achildwho’snotinvitedtoabirthdayparty,whodoesn’tmakethehonorrollorthebaseballteamfeelsterrible,ofcourse.Butparentsshouldnotofferaquickconsolationprizeorsay,“Itdoesn’tmatter,”becauseitdoes.Theyoungstershouldbeallowedtoexperiencedisappointment--andthenbehelpedtomasterit.

Failureisneverpleasurable.Ithurtsadultsandchildrenalike.Butitcanmakeapositivecontributiontoyourlifeonceyoulearntouseit.Steponeistoask,“WhydidIfail?

”Resistthenaturalimpulsetoblamesomeoneelse.Askyourselfwhatyoudidwrong,howyoucanimprove.Ifsomeoneelsecanhelp,don'tbeshyaboutinquiring.

WhenIwasateenager,IfailedtogetajobI’dcountedon.Itelephonedtheinterviewertoaskwhy.“Becauseyoucametenminuteslate,”Iwastold.“Wecan'taffordemployeeswhowasteotherpeople’stime.”Theexplanationwasreassuring（Ihadn’tbeenrejectedasaperson）andhelpful,too.Idon’tthinkI'vebeenlateforanythingsince.

Success,whichencouragesrepetitionofoldbehavior,isnotnearlyasgoodateacherasfailure.Youcanlearnfromadisastrouspartyhowtogiveagoodone;fromanill-chosenfirsthousewhattolookforinasecond.Evenafailurethatseemsdefinitivecanpromptfreshthinking,achangeofdirection.After12yearsofstudyingballetafriendofmineauditioned（试演）foraprofessionalcompany.Shewasturneddown.“Wouldfurthertraininghelp?

”sheasked.Theballetmastershookhishead."Youwillneverbeadancer,”hesaid.“Youhaven'tthebodyforit.”

Insuchcases,thewaytousefailureistotakestockcourageously,asking,“WhathaveIleft?

WhatelsecanIdo?

”Myfriendputawayhertoeshoesandmovedintodancetherapy,afieldwhereshe'sbothcompetentanduseful.

Oddlyenough,failureoftenbringswithitapeculiarkindoffreedom.Evenamajorlifefailurecanbefollowedbyasenseof“It’shappened.Iwishithadn’t,butit’sovernowandIsurvived.”

1.Vickywasfiredaftertwoyearswithoutpromotion.

2.Afterrejected,Vickyalwaysfeltdepressedandunhappy.

3.Hayakawaindicatesthatthere’sagreatdifferencebetween“Ihavefailedthreetimes”and“Iamafailure.”

4.Evidentlyanyonecannotbesuitedtoeveryjob.

5.Successfulstudentsarediligentandlikestudying.

6.VirginiaSatirthinkseverypersonhastherighttosucceed.

7.Failurealwayshurtschildrenanddoesn’thurtadults.

8.Thedangeroftooearlysuccessisparticularlyacutewheneverachild____________.

9.Failurecan________________toyourlifeonceyoulearntouseit.

10.Oddlyenough,failureoftenbringswithit___________________.

Part

.ListeningComprehension（35minutes）

SectionA

Directions:

Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

11.A）Heshouldrunfast.B）Heasksaboutthetime.

C）Hewantstobepresident.D）Hewillnotrunforit.

12.A）Inaspacecraft.B）Inanobservatory.

C）Onthemoon.D）Inanastronomyclass.

13.A）Mostpeopleinthiscountrylikebeef.

B）Muchofthebestbeefisforexport.

C）Thiscountryshouldexportcheese.

D）Beefinthecountryisthebest.

14.A）Amailman.B）Asalesman.

C）Ahousepainter.D）Ataxinspector.

15.A）Hecan’tsellcars.B）Hemakesalotofmoney.

C）Heandhisbossgetonwell.D）Hebecomesafireman.

16.A）Hehadaflight.B）Hefelldown.

C）Hewaspunished.D）Hewasknocked.

17.A）About6P.M.B）At3:

30P.M.

C）Aboutnoon.D）Afterdinner

18.A）ThemanwouldunderstandifhehadFrank’sjob.

B）Frankcouldhelphimgetajobonanairplane.

C）Waitingontablesisanenjoyablejob.

D）Sheistiredofwaitingforhi