黑龙江省宝清县高考英语一轮复习阅读理解选练一.docx

黑龙江省宝清县高考英语一轮复习阅读理解选练一.docx

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黑龙江省宝清县高考英语一轮复习阅读理解选练一

黑龙江宝清县2017高考英语阅读理解一轮选练

（一）

（2016高考训练）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。

SHANGHAI—HealthexpertsinShanghaiarecallingformoreprotectionforyoungchildrenasthelatestresearchshowsabouthalfoftheyoungstersaresufferingfromsecondhandsmoke.About45percentofchildrensufferpassivesmokinginfamilies，50percentinpublicplaces，andalmost6percentonpublictransportation，showsaresearchreleasedbytheShanghaiChildren'sMedicalCenteronTuesday.

“Notonlyadultsbutalsochildrenandnewbornbabiesareatriskfortheadverseeffectsofpassivesmoking,”saidTangJingyan,adoctorattheShanghaiChildren'sMedicalCenter.“Actually,thoseyoungchildrenwhosebodiesarestillgrowinganddevelopingaremoresensitivetotheeffectsofsecondhandsmoke.”

Researchhasshownthatchildrenwhoareexposedtosecondhandsmokewillsufferfrommorecolds,coughsandsorethroats，andtheyaremorelikelytosufferfrombronchitis,pneumoniaandwillhaveahigherriskofdevelopingcancer.Doctorsevensuggestedthatchildrensufferingpassivesmokingaremorelikelytohavebehavioralproblemsandmaynotdevelopmentallyasquicklyastheirpeers.OtherresearchbytheShanghaiChildren'sMedicalCenterhasfoundthatmorethan80percentofchildpatientsinthecenterliveinasmokefilledhousehold,whereoneorbothparentssmoke.

“Thoughdoctorshavestressedtheharmofpassivesmokingoverandover,itisstillhardtoreachatotallysmokefreehome,”saidapediatriciannamedZhangYiwen,notingthatparentsareoftentemptedtosmokeeventhoughtheyhavelearnedtheharmfuleffectsofsecondhandsmoke.

Chinahas540millionpeoplesufferingfrompassivesmoke，180millionofthemyoungerthan15.Theageofsmokersisalsogettinglower,earlierreportssaid.

“Therearemoreyoungsmokersthanbefore.Youcanseeyoungpeoplewearingaschooluniformandcarryingaschoolbaglightacigaretteonthestreet.Someofthemareevenfemalestudents,”saidJingXingming,aprofessorofchildren'sdevelopmentalbehavioratthecenter.“Childrenliketoimitateadults,especiallytheirparents.Ifparentsoftensmokeathome,itisverylikelychildrenwilldevelopasmokinghabit,whichcancauseaviciouscircle，”Jinsaid.

ReportsfromtheMinistryofHealthsaidChinahasabout350millionsmokers,ofwhom15millionareunderagesmokers.Also,around40millionofthecountry's130millionchildrenagedbetween13and18hadtriedsmoking,and15millionhadbecomeaddictedtotobacco.

【语篇解读】　本文主要说明了许多儿童目前受二手烟的影响，以及二手烟对儿童产生的危害。

1．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A．Abouthalfoftheyoungstersaresufferingfromsecondhandsmoke.

B．Expertsarecallingformoreprotectionforyoungstersfromsmoking.

C．Moreandmoreyoungstersarepickingupthehabitofsmoking.

D．Smokingdoesgreatharmtothehealthoftheyoungsters.

答案　B　[主旨大意题。

根据文章大意，文章先说明了许多儿童目前受二手烟的影响，后文又说明了二手烟对儿童的危害，所以文章主要说明的其实是呼吁保护孩子们免受二手烟影响，故选B。

]

2．Whichyoungstersmostpossiblydevelopahabitofsmoking?

A．Childrenofnonsmokingmothers.

B．Childrenofnonsmokingfathers.

C．Childrenofheavysmokers.

D．Childrenfromsomesmokingcenters.

答案　C　[细节理解题。

根据文中第六段倒数第一句“ifparentsoftensmokeathome，itisveylikelychildrenwilldevelopasmokinghabit”可知，如果父母经常在家吸烟，孩子就更可能养成吸烟的习惯，故选C。

]

3．WhichofthefollowingdiseasesmayNOTbeconnectedwithsecondhandsmoking?

A．Cancer.B．Behavioralproblems.

C．Sorethroats.D．Coughs.

答案　B　[细节理解题。

根据文中第三段第一句话“Researchhasshown...morecolds，coughs,andsorethroatsandthey...willhaveahigherriskofdevelopingcancer”可知A、C、D均与二手烟有关，故选B。

]

4．Theunderlinedword“vicious”inthesixthparagraphmostprobablymeans________．

A．completeB．simpleC．greatD．bad

答案　D　[词义猜测题。

根据单词所在句句意“如果父母经常在家吸烟，孩子就更可能养成吸烟的习惯”而吸烟是一种不良习惯，所以这种循环应该是一种恶性循环，故选D。

]

5．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A．About80percentofthechildrenintheShanghaiChildren'sMedicalCentersmokeheavily.

B．About45percentofchildrensufferpassivesmokingintheShanghaiChildren'sMedicalCenter.

C．About540millionpeopleareheavysmokersinChina.

D．Childrenagedbetween13to18aremorelikelyaddictedtosmoking.

答案　D　[推理判断题。

根据文章倒数第一段第二句可知“around40millionofthecountry's130millionchildrenagedbetween13and18hadtriedsmoking，and15millionhadbecomeaddictedtotobacco”可知13到18岁的儿童更容易对吸烟上瘾，故选D。

文中第一段的数据只是由Children'sMedicalCenter调查研究提供的，是对整个城市的一个普遍调查，不是在这个中心内的，故A、B项错误，根据文中倒数第三段第一句可知54000万人是间接吸烟者，并不是吸烟的人，故C项错误。

]

[史地自然型阅读理解]-

Besidescontainingattractiveflowers,treesandotherplantsthatbeautifythecommunity,ecofriendlyraingardens（雨水花园）arehealthyfortheenvironmentandthepeoplelivingandworkingnearby.

Araingardenisnotverydifferentfromatraditionalgarden.Itisjustafarmoreecofriendlygarden.Usuallyitisbuiltlowerthantheground.Raingardensmakesmartuseofrainandstormwaterbytemporarilyholdingwaterfromrainandstormsandlettingitsoak（浸入）slowlyintothegroundbeforeitrunsintostreamsorentersthepublicdrinkingwatersupply.

Thus,araingardenkeepsthewater,allowingittobeusedasneededbyplantsintheraingarden,ratherthanflowingimmediatelyintonearbystreamsandgoingunused.Thewaterwillsoakslowlyintothegroundwithinadayortwo.Thiscreatesanadvantagethattheraingardendoesnotallowmosquitoestobreed.Thisisasimple,attractive,andecofriendly“green”waytotreatstormwater.

What'smore,plantingaraingardenhelpsreducepollutionandimprovetheenvironment.Withoutusingexpensivemachineryandchemicals,raingardensremoveharmfulchemicalsintherainwaterandcutdownontheamountofpollutionreachingstreamsandriversbyupto30%.

Nativeplantsarerecommendedforraingardensbecausetheyaremoreusedtothelocalclimate,soil,andwaterconditions.Theymayattractlocalwildlifesuchasnativebirds.Wateryourraingardenimmediatelyafterplantingandonceaweek,unlessyouhavehadatleastaninchofrainduringtheweek.Oncethenativeplantsestablishthenecessaryrootsystem,itwillrequirelittlecare.

Often,localgovernmentsandprivatebusinessesdeveloplargeraingardensintheiryardsandinpublicparksasawaytoimprovetheenvironmentandsolvefloodingproblems.However,youdon'tneedtobeaprofessionalenvironmentalengineertocreatearaingarden.Aslongasyou'reecoconscioushomeowners,youcanhelptheenvironmentbybuildingsmallerraingardensinyouryards.

1．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueforthefunctionofraingardens?

A.Theyaregoodforlivingconditions.

B.Theyincreasepollution.

C.Theycanbeautifythecommunity.

D.Theyimprovetheenvironment.

2．WhichofthefollowingistheecofriendlyfunctionofraingardensdiscussedinParagraph4?

A.Theycankeeptherainandstormwater.

B.Theycanhelpreducethepollutionproblem.

C.Theycanbehealthyforthepeoplearound.

D.Theycanmaketheenvironmentmorebeautiful.

3．Oneofthemainreasonswhynativeplantsarerecommendedisthat________.

A.theycostlessandaremucheasiertoget

B.theymayattractlocalwildlifetocome

C.theyrequirelittlecarefromthelocalgardener

D.theyaremoreusedtothelocalgrowingconditions

4．Whatdoweknowaboutraingardens?

A.Theyneedlittlewaterafteralltheplantsareplanted.

B.Theyusuallyneedatleastaninchofrainwateraweek.

C．Theymayattractlocalbirdsandchangethelocalclimate.

D.Theymayreducethewaterpollutionproblemby70%.

5.Whoaretheintendedreadersofthepassage?

A.Homeowners.B.Students.C.Engineers.D.Educators.

（三）

【要点综述】本文主要介绍了环境友好型的雨水花园是如何运作的。

1．B　细节理解题。

由第四段第一句“What'smore,plantingaraingardenhelpsreducepollutionandimprovetheenvironment.”可知，雨水花园不会增加污染，故B项有误。

由第一段“Besidescontainingattractiveflowers,treesandotherplantsthatbeautifythecommunity,ecofriendlyraingardens（雨水花园）arehealthyfortheenvironmentandthepeoplelivingandworkingnearby.”可知，雨水花园可以美化社区、改善环境以及对居住环境有益，为环境友好型花园，故A、C、D三项正确。

2．B　细节理解题。

由第四段第一句“What'smore,plantingaraingardenhelpsreducepollutionandimprovetheenvironment.”可知，雨水花园可以帮助减少污染。

3．D　细节理解题。

由第五段第一、二句“Nativeplantsarerecommendedforraingardensbecausetheyaremoreusedtothelocalclimate,soil,andwaterconditions.”可知，建议种本地的植物是因为本地的植物更适应本地的环境。

4．B　细节理解题。

由第五段第三句“Wateryourraingardenimmediatelyafterplantingandonceaweek,unlessyouhavehadatleastaninchofrainduringtheweek.”可知，雨水花园需要一个星期一英寸的雨水。

5．A　推理判断题。

由本文最后一句“Aslongasyou'reecoconscioushomeowners,youcanhelptheenvironmentbybuildingsmallerraingardensinyouryards.”可知本文主要是写给房主的。

[文化教育型阅读理解]-----

（一）

ApracticalEnglishGrammarisintendedforintermediate（中级的）andpostintermediatestudents.Wehopethatmoreadvancedlearnersandteacherswillalsofindituseful.

Thebookisacomprehensivesurveyofstructuresandforms,writteninclearmodernEnglishandillustratedwithnumerousexamples.Areasofparticulardifficultyhavebeengivenspecialattention.Differencesbetweenconversationalusageandstrictgrammaticalformsareshownbuttheemphasisisoncontroversialforms.

Inthefourthedition，themainchangesareasfollows.

1.Explanationandexampleshavebeenbroughtuptodate.

2.Thereisnowmoreinformationoncountableanduncountablenouns,attributiveandpredicativeadjectives,adverbsofplace,sentenceadverbs,cleftsentences,prepositions,conjunctives,modalverbs,perfecttenses,infinitiveconstructions,thepassive,purposeclauses.

3.Somematerialhasbeenrearrangedtomakecomparisonseasier.Forexample,partsofchaptersoncan,may,must,etc.arenowgroupedbyfunctions;verbsoflikingandpreferencehaveachaptertothemselves;suggestionsandinvitationshavejoinedthechapteroncommands,requestsand