Unit 6 scripts.docx

Unit 6 scripts.docx

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Unit6scripts

PartOne

ActivityA

Task2

Scripts:

"Okay,aVisualAideissomethingthatallowstheaudiencetoseewhatyou'retalkingabout.Andthere'sawholelotofdifferenttypesofVisualAides.WhenIthinkofVisualAidesthefirstthingthatcomestomymindismaybeaposterboardthathasagraphorapiechartonit.AndthosearejustafewofthetypesofVisualAidesthereare.Maps,models,pictures,youcanusetransparencies,youcanuseslides,youcanusecomputer-enhancetechnologywhichalsoincludePowerPointpresentations.Andwe'regoingtotalkbrieflyaboutthat.Youmightneedaflowchartoranyotherkindofchartthatdemonstrateswhatisitthatyou'retalkingabout.Youcanalsousemovieclipsandanykindoflineandbargraphthatmightenhancewhatyou'retalkingaboutespeciallywhenyou'retalkingaboutcomplicatedmaterialthatismaybealittlemoredifficulttotakeinandtheVisualAidewillhelpyouraudiencetounderstandwhatitisyou'retalkingabout.So,firstlet'sstartwithshort-termVisualAides."

Task3

…I’mtalkingaboutamassacre,amassacrethathappensonourdoorsteps,atourschools,atouroffices,ourhotels,dayin,dayout.I’mtalkingaboutdeathsbyPowerPoint.Morethan30millionPowerPointpresentationshappeneverydayaroundtheworld.Itevenfindsitswaytoweddings,wouldyoubelieveit?

Don’tgetmewrong.I’mnotagainstPowerPoint,perse.butI’mreallyagainstthewayit’sused,usedsloppilyandunintelligently.Howmanypresentationsyouseewithslidesthatlooksomethinglikethis—wordy,long,denseslidewithlotsofdifferentideasthatoriginallymakeyouwanttoswitchoff.It’sjustarecipeforadisaster.Thisisthenormaleffectithas.I’mnotsurewhetherthismanisactuallydead,orjustheavilysedated.Butwhicheverway,it’skilledhisimagination,andhaskilledhisinterest.

Ibelieveit’saboutthetimethatwestopthiscrimethat’sgoingonaroundthecountry,anddosomethingaboutit.I’dliketosharewithyoutodaysomewaysofdoingthat,becauseIhaveanothervisioninmind.IbelievewecanhaveasituationwherewecanusePowerPointintelligently,stillhaveaudiencesthatareengaged,enthused,andcanreallyunderstandbyenteringourworldofcommunicating.Todothis,allyouneedisthreesimplesteps.

Stepone:

banbulletpoints.Yeah,Iknowit’sabigstep,butthosebulletspointsjustdon’twork.It’snotjustmesayingthat.ThisisresearchfromProfessorRichardMyer.He’samulti-mediaspecialist,andhe’sstudiedtheeffectofbulletpointsandwhathappenwhenyouremovebulletpointsfromtraditionalslides.Hejustleavestheheadings,leavestheimagesparticularlythebulletpoints.Insteadofadecrease,weactuallygeta28percentincreaseinrecall—audiencesactuallyremembermorewhenwetakethedataofftheslide.Idon’tthinkthere’reanyofyoulisteningtothispresentation,whowouldn’tlikehisaudiencetoremember28percentmoreofwhattheyaresaying.Butitgoesmuchfurtherthanthat.ProfessorMyeralsosuggestedthatwhenyoumeasureknowledgetransfer,i.e.theabilityoftheaudiencetoutilizethatinformationthattheyareremembering,itgoesupbyastaggering79%.Canyouimaginetheimpactthatwewouldhaveonbusinesses,oneducation,ifweallcouldgetsomethingnear79%increaseinknowledgetransfer.It’sjustmindblowing.

Sohopefullybynowyou’reconvincedthatthereisgoodreasonforgettingridofbulletpoints,foryoumightstillbewonderingwhytheydon’twork.Wellthereasonseemstobecauseofthewayourmemoryworks.Wehavethreetypesofmemory:

sensorymemory,longtermmemory,andworkingmemory.Whilesensorymemoryandlongtermmemorycanprocesshugeamountsofinformationatanygiventime,workingmemoryisabottleneck.Ithasalimitedcapacity,infact,canonlyhandlebetweenthreeandfourpiecesofinformationatanygiventime.That’swhywhenwepresentinrichinformationdenseslides,itgoestooverload,andonlyafractionofthatdatagetthroughourlongtermmemory.Sowhatcouldwedotoavoidthisprobleminthefuture?

Allweneedtodoisgetridofthesebulletpointsanduseslidesthathaveonesimpleideaorconceptperslide,backedupbysuitablevisualaids,pictures,graphsandcharts,andthensupportedbyanauditorynarrativethatmakessense,thatflows.Sostepone,banthosebulletpoints.

Steptwo,butwhataregoingtoreplacebulletpointswith?

We’llreplacethemwithdiagrams,withcharts,andwithappropriatephotographs.Andyes,Ihavetoadmit,thosearemyfitinthatupslide.Sowhatsortofimages?

Well,qualityimagesthatsupportourverbalmessages.Notcheapclipartthatlookstacky,butgoodqualityimagesthatseethesamethingasweseeverballybutinavisualmedium.Thereisnoexcusefornotusinggoodqualityimages.Therearelotsdatabasesonlinethatallowyoutodownloadorpurchase,ordownloadfreeinmanycaseshigh-qualityimagesthatyoucanuseinyourpresentations.

Secondly,（exceptfordiagramsandimages）istouseclearandsimplecharts.Ifyouseeanotherchartorgraphthatlookslikethisinapresentation,it’sjustunacceptable.Nobodycanunderstandthedetailsonthat.It’sfartoomuchinformation.Thebrainjustcannotprocessit.You’lllearntothrongthedetailsyouneedandpresentonlythatwhichisrelevanttoyouraudiencesandtothemessagesyouaregiving.Clear,concise,andsimplegraphsthatwecantakeinaglance,andthentheaudiencecanreturntoyournarrative.

Finally,somesimplediagrams,usingthedrawingfunctionswithinPowerPoint,toshowflowsorrelationshipswithintheitems.Suchasthislittlesetofdiagramhere,whichshowsthestagesthataudiencemightgothroughduringthecourseofapresentation,i.e.justlikeyoulistentothispresentation,youmightstartasalittleskeptical.Iwanttoendupenthused.Togetyouthere,Ihopefullycanarouseyourcuriosity,andgotyouinterested.Sowe’vetalkedaboutbanningbulletpoints,andtalkedaboutreplacingthosebulletpointswithqualityimages.

ThethirdandfinalpointI’mgoingtotalkaboutinthispresentationistolinkyourslidestogether.Totellastory,totellacompellingargumentthatflowsstepbysteplogically,thattakeyouraudiencefromwheretheyareatthebeginningofthepresentationandtheproblemtheyarefacing,tothesolution,tothedesiredresultthattheywant,byimplementingthesolutionyou’veprovided.Youneedtothinkofyourslidesasabitliketheimagesinarollofamoviefilm,andyourverbaldelivery,yourscript,ifyoulike,asthesoundtracktothatmovie.Sobytellingastory,whichtakesyouraudiencefrompointAtopointB,compellingly,logically,it’ssopowerful.Ifyouthinkaboutit,humanbeinghasbeenusingstoriesforyears,togettheirmessagesacross.Soweshouldbedoingthatinourpresentations.JustbecausewechoosetousePowerPointtosupportthatdoesn’tmeantosaythatstorydoesn’tstillworkaswell.

Sothereyouhaveit.Bannthebulletpoints,usequalityimagesandtellagoodstory.Ihopeyou’lljoinwithmeinstoppingthisneedlessslaughter,thatis,deathsbyPowerPoint.IhopeI’veinspiredyoutothinkaboutyourownuseofslidesinawholenewdifferentway.

Task4

Transcripts:

1.

SoimagineyoustandingonastreetanywhereinAmerica,andaJapanesemancomesuptoyouandsays,“Excuseme,whatisthenameofthisblock?

”.Yousay,“I’msorry,well,thisisOakstreet,thatisElmstreet.Thisis26th,thatis27th.”Hesays,“ok,butwhatisthenameofthatblock?

”.Yousay,“well,blocksdon’thavenames.Streetshavenames.Blocksarejusttheunnamedspacesinbetweenstreets.”heleavesalittleconfusedanddisappointed.

Sonowimagineyou’restandingonastreetanywhereinJapan,youturntoapersonnexttoyouandsay,“Excuseme,whatisthenameofthisstreet?

”andtheysay,“oh,well,that’sblock17andthisisblock16.”Andyousay,“ok.Butwhatisnameofthisstreet?

”theysay,“well,streetsdon’thavenames,blockshavenames.JustlookatGooglemapshere,thereisblock14,15,16,17,18,19.Alloftheseblockshavenamesandthestreetsarejusttheunnamedspacesinbetweentheblocks.”Andyousay,“ok,then,howdoyouknowyourhomeaddress?

”Isay,“well,easy,thisisdistrict8,thereisablock17,housenumber1.”Isay,“ok.Butwalkingaroundtheneighborhood,Inoticedthehouses’numbersdon’tgoinorder.’Yousay,“ofcoursetheydo-theygoinorderinginwhichtheywerebuilt.Thefirsthouseeverbuiltontheblockishousenumber1,thesecondhouseeverbuiltishousenumber2,thirdisnumber3,it’seasy.It’sobvious.So,Iloveditsometimesweneedtogototheoppositesideoftheworldtorealizetheassumptionswedidn’tevenknowwehadandrealizetheoppositeofthemcanalsobetrue.So,forexample,therearedoctorsinChinawhobelievethattheirjobtokeepyouhealthy,soanymonthyou’rehealthy,youpaythemandwhenyouaresickyoudon’thavetopaythembecausetheyfailedofftheirjob.Theygetrichwhenyouarehealthy,notsick.（laughter）

Inmostmusicwethinkoftheoneasthedownbeattothebeginningofthemusicalphrase:

1,2,3,4.ButinWestAfricanmusic,theoneisthoughtofastheendofthephraseliketheperiodattheendofasentence.Soyoucanhearitnotjustinthephrasingbutthewaythattheycomeoutofthemusic:

2,3,4,1.Andthismapisalsoaccurate.（laughter）.ThereisasayingthatwhatevertruethingyoucansayaboutIndia,theoppositeisalsotrue.Solet’sneverforgetwhetherit’sTEDoranyoneelse,thatwhateverbrilliantideasyouhaveorhearthattheoppositemayalsobetrue.ArigatoGozaimasu.