职称英语理工B真题及答案.docx

职称英语理工B真题及答案.docx

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职称英语理工B真题及答案

2013年职称英语理工类b级考试试题及答案

第1部分：

词汇选项（第1~15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均由1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意思最接近的选项。

1.Therewassomething peculiar inthewayhesmiles.

A.differentB.wrongC.strangeD.funny

2.Ihavelittleinformation asregards herfitnessforthepost.

A.atB.withC.aboutD.from

3.She cameacross threechildrensleepingunderabridge.

A.foundbychanceB.passedbyC.tookanoticeofD.wokeup

4.Therulesaretoo rigid toallowforhumaneerror.

A.generalB.complexC.directD.inflexible

5.Itseems incredible thathehadbeenthereaweekalready.

A.unbelievableB.rightC.obviousD.unclear

6.Shegets aggressive whensheisdrunk.

A.worriedB.sleepyC.anxiousD.offensive

7.Rumorsbeganto circulate abouthisfinancialproblems.

A.sendB.hearC.spreadD.confirm

8.Asapolitician,heknowshowto manipulate publicopinion.

A.expressB.influenceC.divideD.voice

9.Theseanimals migrate southannuallyinsearchoffood.

A.exploreB.travelC.inhabitD.prefer

10.Hewas tempted bythehighsalaryofferedbythecompany.

A.taughtB.keptC.changedD.attracted

11.Thepolicewillneedtokeepa wary eyeonthisareaoftown.

A.cautiousB.nakedC.blindD.private

12.Makesurethetableissecurely anchored.

A.repairedB.clearedC.bookedD.fixed

13.Comeout,orI’ll bust thedoordown.

A.shutB.breakC.setD.beat

14.Thecontractbetweenthetwocompanieswill expire soon.

A.shortenB.startC.endD.resume

15.Hepaused,waitingforherto digest theinformation.

A.understandB.withholdC.exchangeD.contact

参考答案：

CCADADCBBDADBCA

第2部分：

阅读判断（第16~22题，每题1分，共7分）

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。

如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息在文章中没有提及，请选择C。

WideWorldofRobots

Engineerswhobuildandprogramrobotshavefascinatingjobs.Theseresearcherstinker（修补）withmachinesinthelabandwritecomputersoftwaretocontrolthesedevices.“They’rethebesttoysoutthere，”saysHowleChosetatCarnegieMellonUniversityinPittsburgh.Chosetisaroboticist，apersonwhodesigns，buildsorprogramsrobots.

WhenChosetwasakid，hewasinterestedinanythingthatmoved—cars，trains，animals.HeputmotorsonTinkertoycarstomakethemmove.Later，inhighschool，hebuiltmobilerobotssimilartosmallcars.

Hopingtocontinueworkingonrobots，hestudiedcomputerscienceincollege.ButwhenhegottograduateschoolattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyinPasadena，Choset’slabmateswereworkingonsomethingevencoolerthanremotelycontrolledcars：

roboticsnakes.Somerobotscanmoveonlyforward，backward，leftandright.Butsnakescantwist（扭曲）inmanydirectionsandtraveloveralotofdifferenttypesofterrain（地形）.“Snakesarefarmoreinterestingthanthecars，”Chosetconcluded.

AfterhestartedworkingatCarnegieMellon，Chosetandhiscolleaguestherebagandevelopingtheirownsnakerobots.Choset’steamprogrammedrobotstoperformthesamemovementsasrealsnakes，suchasslidingandinchingforward.Therobotsalsomovedinwaysthatsnakesusuallydon’t，suchasrolling.Choset’ssnakerobotscouldcrawl（爬行）throughthegrass，swiminapondandevenclimbaflagpole.

ButChosetwonderedifhissnakesmightbeusefulformedicineaswell.Forsomeheartsurgeries，thedoctorhastoopenapatient’schest，cuttingthroughthebreastbone.Recoveringfromthesesurgeriescanbeverypainful.Whatifthedoctorcouldperformtheoperationbyinsteadmakingasmallholeinthebodyandsendinginathinroboticsnake?

ChosetteamedupwithMarcoZenati，aheartsurgeonnowatHarvardMedicalSchool，toinvestigatetheidea.Zenatipracticedusingtherobotonaplasticmodelofthechestandtheytestedtherobotinpigs.

AcompanycalledMedroboticsinBostonisnowadaptingthetechnologytosurgeriesonpeople.

Evenafter15yearsofworkingwithhisteam'screations,"Istilldon'tgetboredofwatchingthemotionofmyrobots,"Chosetsays.

16.Chosetbegantobuildrobotsinhighschool.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

17.Snakerobotscouldmoveinonlyfourdirections.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

18.Chosetdidn’tbegindevelopinghisownsnakerobotsuntilhestartedworkingCarnegieMellon.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

19.Choset’ssnakerobotscouldmakemoremovementsthantheonesothersdeveloped.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

20.Theapplicationofathinroboticsnakemakesheartsurgerieslesstime-consuming.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

21.Zenatitestedtherobotonpeopleafterusingitinpigs.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

22.TherobotictechnologyforsurgeriesonpeoplehasbroughtahandsomeMedrobotics.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

参考答案：

ABAACCC

第3部分：

概括大意与完成句子（第23~30题，每题1分，共8分）

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：

（1）第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1~4段每段选择1个最佳标题;

（2）第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

BlackHoles

1Blackholescanbebestdescribedasasortofvacuum，suckingupeverythinginspace.Scientistshavediscoveredthatblackholescomefromanexplosionofhugestars.Starsthatareneardeathcannolongerburnduetolossoffuel，andbecauseitstemperaturecannolongercontrolthegravitational（重力的）force，hydrogenendsupputtingpressureontothestar’ssurfaceuntilitsuddenlyexplodesthencollapses.

2Blackholescomefromstarsthataremadeofhydrogen，othergasesandafewmetals.Whentheseexplodeitcanturnintoastellar-mass（恒星质量）blackhole，whichcanonlyoccurifthestarislargeenough（shouldbebiggerthanthesun）fortheexplosiontobreakitintopieces，andthegravitystartstocompacteverypieceintothetiniestparticle.Trytoseeandcompare：

ifastarthat’stentimesthesizeofthesunendsupbeingablackholethat’snolongerthan70kilometers，thentheEarthwouldbecomeblackholethat’sonlyafractionofaninch!

3Objectsthatgetsuckedinablackholewillalwaysremainthere，nevertobreakfree.Butrememberthatblackholescanonlygobbleup（吞噬）objectswithinaspecificdistancetoit.It’spossibleforalargestarnearthesuntobecomeablackhole，butthesunwillcontinuetostayinplace.Orbits（轨道）donotchangebecausethenewlyformedblackholecontainsexactlythesameamountofmassaswhenitwasastar，onlythisitsmassistotallycontractedthatitcanendupasnobiggerthanastate.

4Sofar，astronomershavefiguredoutthatblackholesexistbecauseofAlbertEinstein’stheoryofrelativity.Intheend，throughnumerousstudies，theyhavediscoveredthatblackholestrulyexist.Sinceblackholestraplightanddonotgiveofflight，itisnotpossibletodetectblackholesviaatelescope.Butastronomerscontinuetoexploregalaxies（银河系），spaceandthesolarsystemtounderstandhowblackholes.Itispossiblethatblackholescanexistformillionsofyears，andlatercontributefurtherprocessingalaxies，whichcaneventuallyleadtocreationofnewentities.Scientistsalsocreditblackholesashelpfulinlearninghowgalaxiesbegantoform.

A.Whathappenstotheobjectsaroundablackhole?

B.Isthereproofthatblackholesreallyexist?

C.Howwereblackholesnamed?

D.Whataredifferenttypesofblackholes?

E.Whatareblackholesmadeof?

F.Howareblackholesformed?

23.Paragraph1F

24.Paragraph2E

25.Paragraph3A

26.Paragraph4B

27.Blackholesareformedafter___D______.

28.Whenalargestarexplodes,thegravitycompactseverypieceinto____F_____.

29.Anewlyformedblackholeandthestaritcomesfromareof___C______.

30.AlbertEinstein’stheoryofrelativityhelpstoprove____A_____.

A.theexistenceofblackholes

B.thecreationofnewentities

C.thesameamountofmass

D.anexplosionofhugestars

E.afractionofaninch

F.thetiniestparticle

参考答案：

FEABDFCA

第4部分：

阅读理解（第31~45题，每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。

第一篇 EnergyandPublicLands

TheUnitedStatesboastssubstantialenergyresources.FederallandsprovideagooddealofUSenergyproduction，theUSDepartmentoftheInteriormanagesfederalenergyleasing（租赁），bothonlandandontheoffshoreOuterContinentalShelf。

Productionfromthesesourcesamountstonearly30percentoftotalannualUSenergyproduction.

In2000，32percentofUSoil，35percentofnaturalgas，and37percentofcoalwereproducedfromfederallands，representing20,000producingoilandgasleasesand135producingcoalleases.Federallandsarealsoestimatedtocontainapproximately68percentofallundiscoveredUSoilreservesand74percentofundiscoverednaturalgas.

Revenuesfromfederaloil，gas，andcoalleasingprovidesignificantreturnstoUStaxpayersaswellasStateGovernment.In1999，forexample，$553millioninoilandgasrevenueswerepaidtotheUSTreasury，andnon-Indiacoalleasesaccountedforover$304millioninrevenues，ofwhich50percentwerepaidtoStategovernments.Publiclandsalsoplayacriticalroleinenergydelivery.Eachyear，federallandmanagersauthorizerightsofwayfortransmissionlines，railsystems，pipelines，andotherfacilitiesrelatedtoenergyproductionanduse.

Alternativeenergyproductionfromfederallandsfallsbehindconventionalenergyproduction，thoughtheamountisstillsignificant.Forexample，federalgeothermal（地热）resourcesproduceabout7.5billionkilowatt-hours（千瓦时）ofelectricityperyear，47percentofallelectricitygeneratedfromUSgeothermalenergy.Thereare2,960windturbinesonpubliclandsinCaliforniaalone，producingelectricityforabout300,000people.Federalhydropowerfacilitiesproduceabout17percentofallhydropowerproducedintheUnitedStates.

BecauseofthegrowingUSthirstforenergyandincreasingpublicuneasewithinfluenceonforeignoffsources，pressureonpubliclandstomeetUSenergydemandisbecomingmoreintense.Publiclandsareavailableforenergydevelopmentonlyaftertheyhavebeenevaluatedthroughthelanduseplanning