毕业设计餐厨垃圾厌氧的外文文献.docx

毕业设计餐厨垃圾厌氧的外文文献.docx

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毕业设计餐厨垃圾厌氧的外文文献

Solidstateanaerobicco-digestionofyardwasteandfoodwasteforbiogasproduction

DanBrown,YeboLi﹡

DepartmentofFood,Agricultural,andBiologicalEngineering,TheOhioStateUniversity/OhioAgriculturalResearchandDevelopmentCenter,1680MadisonAve.,Wooster,OH44691-4096,UnitedStates

HIGHLIGHTS

▲Solidstateanaerobicdigestion（SS-AD）offoodwasteandyardwaste.

▲Thehighestmethaneyieldswereobtainedatfeedstock/effluent（F/E）ratio1.

▲IncreasingF/Eratiofrom1to2and3causeddecreasesinmethaneyield.

▲TheADwasupsetatF/Eratio3exceptyardwasteonly.

ABSTRACT

FoodandyardwastesareavailableyearroundatlowcostandhavethepotentialtocomplementeachotherforSS-AD.Thegoalofthisstudywastodetermineoptimalfeedstock/effluent（F/E）andfoodwaste/yardwastemixingratiosforoptimalbiogasproduction.Co-digestionofyardandfoodwastewascarriedoutatF/Eratiosof1,2,and3.ForeachF/Eratio,foodwastepercentagesof0%,10%,and20%,basedondryvolatilesolids,wereevaluated.Resultsshowedincreasedmethaneyieldsandvolumetricproductivitiesasthepercentageoffoodwastewasincreasedto10%and20%ofthesubstrateatF/Eratiosof2and1,respectively.Thisstudyshowedthatco-digestionoffoodwastewithyardwasteatspecificratioscanimprovedigesteroperatingcharacteristicsandendperformancemetricsoverSS-ADofyardwastealone.

2012ElsevierLtd.Allrightsreserved.

Keywords:

Solid-stateanaerobicdigestion，Biogas，Municipalsolidwaste，Foodwaste，Co-digestion

1.Introduction

Solid-stateanaerobicdigestion（SS-AD）hasbeensuccessfullyusedtoconvertvariouslignocellulosicbiomassfeedstockstobiogas（Lietal.,2011a）.SS-ADhasbeenthedominantADsysteminstalledinEuropesincetheearly1990sforthetreatmentofmunicipalsolidwaste（MSW）,andtypicallyoperatesat15–50%totalsolids（TS）content（Lietal.,2011b;BaereandMattheeuws,2008;Guendouzetal.,2010）.SS-ADprovidesmanybenefitsoverliquidADindigestinglignocellulosicbiomasssuchastreatingmoreorganicsolidsinthesamesizedigesterandproducingacompost-likefinishedorganicmaterialthatiseasiertohandleandcanbeappliedtoagriculturallandforfertilizer（Martinetal.,2003a;Lietal.,2011b）.TheSS-ADsystemalsofeaturesfewermovingpartsandlowerenergyinputsneededforheatingandmixing（Lietal.,2011a）,andithasagreateracceptanceofinputscontainingglass,plastics,andgrit.Furthermore,SS-ADcanovercomeothercommonproblemsexistingintheliquidADprocesssuchasfloatingandstratificationoffats,fibers,andplastics（Chanakyaetal.,1999）.

Thestart-upperiodofanSS-ADsystemisconsideredthemostcriticalphaseinbatchdigestion.Thefeedstock/effluent（F/E）ratio,anoperatingparameterthatmeasurestheamountofsubstratetotheamountofinoculumonadryvolatilesolids（VS）basis,hasbeenshowntobeacriticalfactoraffectingtheperformanceofSS-AD（Lietal.,2011b）.SS-ADmayrequireupto50%ofdigestedresidueforarapidstartup,whichdecreasesreactorutilizationefficiency（Martinetal.,2003b;Rapportetal.,2008;Lietal.,2011b）.Ahighlyconcentratedandactiveinoculumsourceisimportanttoreducedigestiontime,improvedigesterefficacy,andincreaseTSinthefinishedproduct（Forster-Carneiroetal.,2008）.

Co-digestionofmixedsubstratesoffersmanyadvantages,includingecological,technological,andeconomicbenefits,comparedtodigestingasinglesubstrate（Rughoonundunetal.,2012）.However,combiningtwoormoredifferenttypesoffeedstocksrequirescarefulselectiontoimprovetheefficiencyofanaerobicdigestion（álvarezetal.,2010）.Thepurposeofco-digestionistobalancenutrients（C/Nratioandmacro-andmicronutrients）anddiluteinhibitors/toxiccompoundstoenhancemethaneproduction（Hartmannetal.,2004;Sosnowskietal.,2003）.

XuandLi（2012）foundthatanF/Eratioof2achievedhigheraccumulativemethaneyieldsthanathigherF/Eratiosof4and6forthesamedogfoodtocornstoverratio.Thestudyalsofoundthatco-digestionimprovedmethaneyieldcomparedwithusingcornstoverordogfoodasthesolesubstrateduetoimprovementsinreactorcharacteristics.Thestudyalsoconcludedthatco-digestionofdogfoodwithcornstoverreducedstart-uptimeandvolatilefattyacid（VFA）accumulationinSS-AD.AstudybyEl-MashadandZhang（2010）foundthatinclusionoffoodwaste,atratesofupto60%offeedstockVS,withdairymanureresultedinhigherbiogasyieldsandproductionratesascomparedtothedigestionofdairymanurealone.Panichnumsinetal.（2010）examinedthepotentialofco-digestionofcassavapulpwithpigmanureusingasemi-continuouslyfed,stirredtankreactor.ThestudyfoundamaximummethaneyieldandVSremovalof306L/kgVSaddedand61%,respectfull