必修一高一英语阅读理解精彩试题科技类.docx
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必修一高一英语阅读理解精彩试题科技类
(1)
Thecomputerisausefulmachine.Itisthemostimportantinventioninmanyyears.Theoldestkindofcomputeristheabacus(算盘),usedinChinacenturiesago,butthefirstlarge,moderncomputerwasbuiltin1946.Acomputerthencoulddomathsproblemsquitefast.
Todaycomputersareusedinmanywaysandcandomanykindsofwork.Inafewyearsthecomputermaytouchthelifeofeveryone,evenpeopleinfarawayvillages.
Inthelastfewyears,therehavebeengreatchangesincomputers.Theyaregettingsmallerandsmaller,andcomputingfasterandfaster,Manyscientistsagreethatcomputerscannowdomanythings,buttheycannotdoeverything.Whoknowswhatthecomputersoftomorrowwillbelike?
Willcomputersbringgoodthingsorbadthingstopeople?
Thescientistsoftodaywillhavetodecidehowtousethecomputersoftomorrow.
1.Thecomputerisa_______machine.
A.helpfulB.strangeC.largeD.dangerous
2.Thefirstlarge,moderncomputerwasbuiltabout_______yearsago.
A.afewB.fortyC.sixtyD.eighty
3.Thecomputersoftodayare_______thanbefore.
A.biggerB.fewerC.smallerD.taller
4.Computerscando_______.
A.everythingB.anythingC.nothingD.lotsofthings
5.Thescientistsoftoday_______howtousethecomputersoftomorrow.
A.maydecideB.mustdecideC.canmakeD.needn’tmake
(2)
Warmwaterfreezesmorequicklythancoldwater.SirFrancisBaconsaidthatalmostfourhundredyearsago.Butfewpeoplebelievedhimuntil1970.InthatyearaCanadianscientistGeorgeKillprovedtheEnglishprofessorwasright.DrKillfilledanopenoilpail(桶)withcoldwater.Hefilledanotherwithwarmwater.Heputbothinthesamelowtemperature.Thewarmwaterfrozefirst.Thelackofcoversonthepailsisthesecret.Someofthewarmwaterchangedintovapor.Thismeantthatlessofthewarmwaterwaslefttobefrozen.Andsothewarmwaterfrozefasterthanthecoldwatereventhoughithadagreatertemperaturedroptomake.
1.Hundredsofyearsago,SirFrancisBaconfound_______.
A.thetemperatureofwarmwaterdropsfasterthanthatofcoldwater
B.warmwaterisheavierthancoldwater
C.warmwaterhasthesametemperatureascoldwater
D.warmwaterisnotasusefulascoldwater
2.WhatSirFrancisBaconsaidwasright,butpeopledidn'tbelievehimuntil_______.
A.lateinthe20thcenturyB.earlyinthe20thcentury
C.threeyearsagoD.lateinthe19thcentury
3.Leaveapailwithwarmwaterandanotherpailwithcoldwaterinthesamelowtemperature,you’llfindthat_______.
A.coldwaterfreezesfirst
B.warmwaterturnsintoicebeforecoldwater
C.warmwaterandcoldwaterfreezeatthesametime
D.muchofcoldwaterischangedintoair.
4.Whydoeswarmwaterfreezefirstinthesamefreezingweather?
A.Becausesomeofthewarmwaterturnstovapor,theamount(数量)becomeslessthanthatofcoldwater.
B.Becausewarmwaterislighterthancoldwater.
C.Becausethetemperatureofwarmwaterislowerthanthatofcoldwater.
D.Becausecoldwaterfreezeswithmoredifficultythanwarmwater.
(3)
Ifyoudonotuseyourarmoryourlegsforsometime,theybecomeweak;whenyoustartusingthemagain,theyslowlybecomestrongagain.Everybodyknowsthat.Yetmanypeopledonotseemtoknowthatmemoryworksinthesameway.Whensomeonesaysthathehasagoodmemory,hereallymeansthathekeepshismemoryinpracticebyusingit.Whensomeoneelsesaysthathismemoryispoor,hereallymeansthathedoesnotgiveitenoughchancetobecomestrong.Ifafriendsaysthathisarmsandlegsareweak,weknowthatitishisownfault(过错).Butifhetellsusthathehasapoormemory,manyofusthinkthathisparentsaretoblame(受责备),andfewofusknowthatitisjusthisownfault.Haveyoueverfoundthatsomepeoplecan’treadorwritebutusuallytheyhavebettermemories?
Thisisbecausetheycannotreadorwriteandtheyhavetorememberthings;theycannotwritedowninalittlenotebook.Theyhavetorememberdays,names,songsandstories;sotheirmemoryisthewholetimebeingexercised.Soifyouwanttohaveagoodmemory,learnfromthepeople:
Practiceremembering.
1.Themainreasonforoneispoormemoryisthat_______.
A.hisfatherormothermayhaveapoormemoryC.hismemoryisnotoftenused
B.HedoesnotusehisnameorlegsforsometimeD.hecan’treadorwrite
2.Ifyoudonotuseyourarmsorlegsforsometime_______.
A.youcan’tusethemanymore
B.theywillbecomestronger
C.theybecomeweakandwon’tbecomestronguntilyouusethemagain.
D.theywillbecomeneitherstrongernorweaker
3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?
A.Yourmemoryworksinthesamewayasyourarmsorlegs.
B.Yourmemory,likeyourarmsorlegs,becomesweakifyoudon’tgiveitenoughchanceforpractice.
C.Don’tlearnhowtoreadandwriteifyouwanttohaveabettermemory.
D.Agoodmemorycomesfrommorepractice.
4.Somepeoplecan’treadorwrite,buttheyusuallyhavebettermemories,because_______.
A.theyhavesavemuchtroubleB.theyhavesavedmuchtimetorememberthings
C.theyhavetousetheirmemoriesallthetime
D.theycan’twriteeverythinginalittlenotebook
5.Whichisthebesttitleforthispassage?
A.Don’tStopUsingYourArmsOrLegsB.HowToHaveaGoodMemory
C.StrongArmsAndGoodMemoriesD.LearnFromthePeople
(4)
WhenJohnsoncalledagain,themanagerreceivedhimverypolitely.“Thatisamostremarkableoilyoubroughtus,MrJohnson,”hesaid.Johnsonnoddedhissmooth,darkhead.Thatwassomethingheknewverywell.“I’veneverseenanythinglikeit,”themanageradmitted.Johnsonnoddedagain.“No?
”hesaidpolitely.Thenheadded,“ButIthinkyouwill,sir.Averygreatdealofit.”Heappearedtothinkforamoment.“Ithinkyouwillfinditwillbeonsaleseven,perhaps,eightyearsfromnow.”Hesmiled.
Themanagerthoughtthatwasuncertain.Hesaid,“Itisbetterthanourfishoils.Iadmitthat.”
“SoIamtold,sir,”agreedJohnson.
“Haveyouanyplanstoproduceityourself,MrJohnson?
”
“WouldIbeshowingittoyouifIhad?
”Johnsonsmiledagain.
“Wemightaddsomechemicalstooneofourownfishoils,”saidthemanager.“Itwouldbeexpensivetodothat,evenifyoucould,”Johnsonsaidgently.“Besides,”headded,“Iamtoldthatthisoilwillbemuchcheaperthanyourbestfishoils.Cheaperthananyvegetableoil,infact.”
“Perhaps,”saidthemanage.“Well,Isupposeyouwanttomakeanarrangement,MrJohnson.Shallwediscussit?
”
“Ofcourse,”saidJohnson.“Therearetwowaysofdealingwithasituationofthissort.Theusualoneistopreventitaltogetheroratleasttodelayitaslongaspossible.Thatis,ofcourse,thebestway.”Themanagernodded.Heknewplentyaboutallthat.
“ButIamsosorryforyou,because,yousee,thatisnotpossiblethistime.”Themanagerhadhisdoubts,butallhesaidwasaninquiring(asking),“Oh?
”
“Theotherway,”continuedJohnson,“istoproduceyourselfbeforethetroublestarts.”
1.Themanagerthoughtofaddingchemicalstothefishoiltomakeit_______.
A.cheaperthanthenewoilB.morequicklyC.moreexpensiveD.asgoodasthenewoil
2.Johnson’snewoilwouldbe_______.
A.moreexpensivethanfishoil,butbetterB.lessexpensive,andbetter
C.lessexpensive,butnotgoodD.moreexpensive,andnotsogood
3.Johnsonexpressedhisregretthatthemanager_______.
A.couldnotstopthenewoilbeingmadeB.wouldneverknowhowtomakeit
C.hadspentalotofmoneyonitD.didn’tknowenoughaboutit
4.Johnsonshowedhisnewoiltothemanagerbecausehewanted_______.
A.toproduceithimselfB.topreventitbeingproduced
C.tobepaidnottoproduceitD.themanagertoproduceit
(5)
Canyourememberthefirsttimeyoulearnedtorideabikeordriveacar?
Learningtheseskillschangedyourlifeforeverandopenedupnewhorizons.Learningaboutcomputerscanbelikelearninghowtorideabikeordriveacar.Onceyouhaveinvestedthetimetomastertheskills,youwillnevergobacktotheolddays.Thenewtechnologyissimplytooconvenientandtoopowerful.
Technologicaldevelopmentsthroughtheyearshaveenabledustodomorewithlesseffort.Wehavecontinuouslylookedforbetterwaysofdoingthings.Eachinventionandnewdevelopmenthasallowedustoextendourcapabilities.Todayweseeoneofthemostdramatictechnologieseverdeveloped—thecomputer.Itextendsthecapabilitiesofourminds.
Computershavesavedorganizationsmillionsofdollars.Furthermore,thesesamecomputersystemshaveopenedupnewopportunitiesthatwouldhavegoneundiscoveredorneglected.Thecomputermaymultiplywhatwecando,andthereturnoninvestmentishigh.Thegrowthofcomputerusageissurprising.Ontheotherhand,thecomputercandoseriousdamage.Invasionofprivacy(侵犯隐私),fraud(欺诈),andcomputer-relatedmistakesarejustafewshockingexamples.
Thecomputerislikeadouble-edgedsword.Ithastheabilitytocutusfreefromsomeactivities,butitcanalsocutdeepintoprofits,personalprivacy,andoursocietyingeneral.Howitisusedisnotafunctionoftechnology.Itisstrictlyafunctionofhowpeopledecidetouseormisusethisnewtechnology.Thechoiceisyours,andonlythroughaknowledgeofcomputersystemswillyoubeabletoavoidthedangerswhileenjoyingthemany,manybenefitsofthecomputerage.
1.Thewriterthinkslearningaboutcomputersislikelearninghowtorideabikeordriveacarbecause_______.
A.itissimpleandpracticalB.itneedsalotofpractice
C.itleadspeopletonewlifeexperiencesD.ittakesmuchtimetomastertheskills
2.Accordingtothepassage,computers