道路施工方案英文版.docx

道路施工方案英文版.docx

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道路施工方案英文版

ROADCONSTRUCTIONMANUAL

A.CONSTRUCTIONSURVEYPROCEDURES

A.1General.Thecenterlineofthetraveledportionoftheroadshallbelocatedinthecenteroftheright-of-way,andshallbelocatedinthefieldbyanauthorized（licensed）landsurveyor.

A.2Stations.Stationsshallbeestablishedalongtheroadcenterlineeveryfifteen（15）metersandatallradiuspoints（P.C.'sandP.T.'s）.ThebeginningofthislineshallbedesignatedasStation10+0andshallstartattheexistingstreetright-of-wayline.Aconstructionstakeshallbeplacedateachcenterlinestation.ThisstakewillshowthestationonthesidefacingtowardStation10+0andthecutorfillwhichwillestablishthecenterlinegradeontheoppositesideofthestake.Agradelistshowingthestations,stakeelevations,cutsandfillsshallbepresentedtotheEmployer’sRepresentativebytheapplicantbeforeconstructionbegins.

A.3BenchMarks.ApermanentBenchMarkshallbeestablishedatthebeginningandendofeachlengthoftheroad.Thesebenchmarksshallbereferencedtothesamedatumshownandidentifiedontheconstructiondrawingsfortheroad.TheBenchMarkelevationandadescriptionofeachBenchMarkshallbefurnishedtotheEmployer’sRepresentative.

B.CLEARINGANDGRUBBING

B.1Clearing.Alltrees,perishablematter,boulders,structures,fencesanddebrisofwhatevernatureshallbeclearedfromthefullwidthoftheroadwaysection,includingareastobedisturbedbycutsorfills,exceptthatvaluableshadetreesmayremainintheshoulderareasasprovidedinSectionB.3.Atintersectionsandoncurves,additionalclearingmaybenecessarytoprovideadequatevisibility.ThisworkshallallbeasapprovedbytheEmployer’sRepresentative.

B.2Grubbing.Allrootsandstumpswithinthelimitsoftheroadsectionshallbegrubbedandexcavated,exceptthatnogrubbingwillberequiredwherethefinishedroadwaysurfacewillbeonepointfive（1.5）meterormoreabovetheoriginalgroundsurfaceandthefoundationsoilissatisfactory.Wheretreesareclearedandgrubbingisnotrequired,thetrunksshallbecutoffflushtotheground,ifpossible,andinnoeventmorethaneighteen（18）centimeterabovetheground.

B.3Trees.Valuableshadetreesmaybepermittedtoremaininshoulderareasbutnotwithinonepointfive（1.5）metersofanycurbline,ifnosubstantialincreaseintheriskofinjuryordamageresultsbyreasonofitspresenceintheparticularplacewhereitstandsandifnoconflictswithutilitieswilloccur.Anysuchtreeshallbeeffectivelyprotectedandpreservedsoastoinsurethatitwillsuffernodamageduringconstructionoperations.Alltreebranchesoverhangingtheroadwaypavementorshoulderareasshallbetrimmedtoaclearanceofthreepointsix（3.6）metersabovethefinishedgradeoftheroad.

B.4Topsoil.Topsoilshallbestrippedfromallsurfacesoftheroadwaysectionwhichwillbedisturbedbycutorfilloperations.Topsoilsostrippedshallbestockpiledonthesiteoftheworkandshallbereservedforroadwaylandscaping.Erosioncontrolmeasureswillbeinstalledaroundtheperimeterofallstockpiles.

C.ROADWAYEXCAVATION,FORMATIONOFEMBANKMENT,ANDDISPOSALOFSURPLUSANDUNSUITABLEMATERIALS

C.1General.Theexcavation,fillingorcompactinganddisposalofallmaterialrequiredtoconstructtheroadbed,subgrade,shoulders,slopesandotherassociatedimprovementsshallbeaccomplishedinaccordancewithallapplicablerequirementsofthemostcurrenteditionoftheNationalStandardSpecificationsfor"RoadwayExcavation,FormationofEmbankmentandDisposalofSurplusMaterial"exceptasmodifiedherein.

C.2UnsuitableMaterial.Allunsuitablematerial,includingmaterialremovedduringclearingandgrubbingandpreparationofsubgrade,shallberemovedfromwithinthelimitsoftheright-of-wayanddisposedoflawfullyatasafelocationapprovedbytheEmployer’sRepresentative.

C.3SurplusMaterial.Surplusmaterialmaybeusedtoflattenfillslopeswithinthelimitsoftheright-of-wayandanyslopeeasements.SurplussuitablematerialsthatcannotbesoutilizedshallbedisposedoflawfullyinamannerapprovedbytheEmployer’sRepresentative.

C.4Blasting.Blastingshallbeperformedonlybylicensedcompetentpersonnelandshallbedoneinaccordancewithallapplicablelaws,ordinances,rulesandregulationspertainingthereto.LocalGovernmentAuthoritymay,attheirdiscretion,requireblastsurveysandphotographs.

C.5Whereanembankmentisrequired,thefillshallbespreadinlayersnottoexceedthirty（30）centimeterindepth,loose,bladedtoanevensurfacefreefromclods,andcompactedtoaminimumof95percentmodifiedproctorbyrollingwithanapprovedpowerroller.Bouldersorrockfillshallnotbedepositedwithinsixty（60）centimeterofthefinishedsubgradeelevation.Areasnotaccessibletothepowerroller,suchasinthevicinityofcatchbasins,manholes,culverts,undergroundutilitiesandthelikeshallbeadequatelycompactedbyapprovedmechanicalhandtampers.Filling,compactingandshapingoperationsshallcontinuealternatelyuntiltheroadwaysection,freeofallsoftspotsbothoncutandfill,conforminallrespectstothelinesandgradesshownontheapprovedconstructionplansandthestandardscontainedherein.Forembankmentfillsinexcessofonepointfive（1.5）meter,compactiontestswillbeperformedatlocationsdeterminedbytheTownEngineer.Theownerwillarrangeforandpaythecostsforsuchtesting.CrushedstoneorgravelmaybesubstitutedforearthfillsifspecificallyapprovedbytheEmployer’sRepresentative.Smoothsteelwheelrollers,whenapproved,shallhaveaminimumweightoften（10）tons.RollersofothertypesshallbeasapprovedbytheEmployer’sRepresentative.

D.PREPARATIONOFSUBGRADE

D.1General.Alltopsoil,softspots,peatandotherorganicmaterialshallbestrippedtotheirfulldepth,andbouldersandledgerockshallberemovedtoadepthofatleastthirty（30）centimeterbelowfinishedsubgrade.Areasexcavatedbelowsubgradeshallbebackfilledwithsuitablematerial.Thesuitablematerialshallconsistofsand,gravelandsoilbinder,freefromthinorelongatedpieces,lumpsofclay,soil,loam,vegetablematter,frozenmaterialorstoneslargerthanfifteen（15）centimeteringreatestdimension.Theparticlesshallbewellgradedfromcoarsetofineandnotmorethan10percentshallpasstheNo.200sieve.AllconstructionmethodsshallconformtotherequirementsoftheNationalStandardSpecificationsfor"Subgrade".Anas-builtdrawingshowingsubgradeelevationsalongwithallstormdrainagepipeandcatchbasinsmustbesubmittedandapprovedpriortotheinstallationoftherolledgranularbase.Priortotheinstallationoftherolledgranularbase,thesubgradewillbeproofrolledasrequiredbytheEmployer’sRepresentative.

E.ROLLEDGRANULARBASE

E.1General.Afterthesubgradehasbeenrolledandcompacted,arolledgranularbaseshallbeappliedforthefullrequiredwidthofpavementplustwentyfive（25）centimeterbeyondeachcurbline.Therolledgranularbaseshallnotbelessthantwenty（20）centimeterthickaftercompactiononaresidentialroad/cul-de-sacandnotlessthantwentyfive（25）centimeterthickaftercompactiononacollector/industrialroad,andshallhavethecross-slopeshownontheStandardDetailDrawings.Inledgerock,therolledgranularbasethicknessshallbeincreasedtofifty（50）centimeter.

E.2MaterialsandMethods.MaterialsandconstructionmethodsshallconformtotherequirementsoftheNationalStandardSpecificationsfor"RolledGranularBase".TheEmployerwillprovidearepresentativesampleandtestresultsfromacertifiedsoiltestinglaboratorytoverifyconformancewiththespecifications.

F.PROCESSEDAGGREGATEBASE

F.1General.Aftertherolledgranularbasehasbeenplacedandcompacted,aprocessedaggregatebaseshallbeappliedforthefullrequiredwidthofpavementplusthirty（30）centimeterbeyondeachcurbline.Theprocessedaggregatebaseshallnotbelessthanten（10）centimeterthickaftercompactionontheresidentialroad/cul-de-sacandnotlessthantwenty（20）centimeterthickaftercompactiononthecollector/industrialroadandshallhavethecross-slopeshownontheStandardDetailDrawings.

F.2MaterialsandMethods.MaterialsandconstructionmethodsshallconformtotherequirementsoftheNationalStandardSpecificationsfor"ProcessedAggregateBase".TheEmployerwillprovidearepresentativesampleandtestresultsfromacertifiedsoiltestinglaboratorytoverifyconformancewiththespecifications.

G.BITUMINOUSCONCRETEPAVEMENT

G.1General.Aftertheprocessedaggregatebasehasbeenrolledandcompacted,theroadwayshallbesurfacedwithbituminousconcreteforthefullrequiredwidthofpavementplusthirty（30）centimeterbeyondeachcurblinetoatotalcompacteddepthofnotlessthannine（9）centimeterforaresidentialroad/cul-de-sac,andnotlessthanten（10）centimeterforacollector/industrialroad.Thebituminousconcreteshallbeappliedbyamotorizedself-propelledpavermachineintwo

（2）courses.Thebottomorbindercourseshallnotbelessthanfive（5）centimetersthickaftercompactionfortheresidentialroad/cul-de-sacandnotlessthansix（6）centimeterthickaftercompactionforthecollector/industrialroad.Thetoporsurfacecourseshallbenotlessthanfour（4）centimeterthickaftercompaction.Ingeneral,Nopavingshallbepermittedonanydaywherethetemperatureislessthanforty（40）degreesFahrenheit.PavementshallbeplacedsothateachcourseshallhavethecrossslopeshownontheStandardDetailsDrawing.

G.2MaterialsandMethods.Allmaterialsand