英国文学期末考试题目英语专业必备.docx

英国文学期末考试题目英语专业必备.docx

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英国文学期末考试题目英语专业必备

一．中古英语时期

BeowulfistheoldestpoemintheEnglishlanguage,andthemostimportantspecimen（范例、典范）ofAnglo-Saxonliterature,andalsotheoldestsurvivingepicintheEnglishlanguage.

Theromanceisapopularliteraryforminthemedievalperiod（中世纪）.Itusesverseorprosetosingknightlyadventuresorotherheroicdeeds.

Geoffrey Chaucer,one ofthegreatestEnglishpoets,whosemasterpiece,TheCanterburyTales（《坎特伯雷故事集》）,wasoneofthemostimportantinfluencesonthedevelopmentofEnglishliterature.

ChaucerisconsideredasthefatherofEnglishpoetryandthefounderofEnglishrealism.

二．文艺复兴Renaissance

Renaissancereferstotheperiodbetweenthe14thandmid-17thcenturies.Itmarksatransition（过渡）fromthemedievaltothemodernworld.

ItstartedinItalywiththefloweringofpainting,sculpture（雕塑）andliterature,andthenspreadtotherestofEurope.

HumanismistheessenceofRenaissance-----Manisthemeasureofallthings.

ThiswasEngland’sGoldenAgeinliterature.QueenElizabethreignedoverthecountryinthisperiod.TherealmainstreamoftheEnglishRenaissanceistheElizabethandrama.ThemostfamousdramatistsintheRenaissanceEnglandareChristopherMarloweandWilliamShakespeare.

ThegreatestofthepioneersofEnglishdramawasChristopherMarlowe.

FrancisBaconwasthebestknownessayistofthisperiod.“OfStudies”isthemostpopularofBacon’s58essays.

ThomasMore——Utopia

EdmundSpenser——TheFaerieQueene

相关练习

1.WhichistheoldestpoemintheEnglishlanguage

A.UtopiaB.FaerieQueene

C.BeowulfD.Hamlet

2._____isthefatherofEnglishpoetry.

A.EdmundSpenserB.WilliamShakespeare

C.FrancisBaconD.GeoffreyChaucer

3.____isnotaplaywrightduringtheRenaissanceperiodonEngland.

A.WilliamShakespeareB.GeoffreyChaucer

C.ChristopherMarloweD.BenJohnson

三．莎士比亚WilliamShakespeare

“Alltheworld'sastage,andallthemenandwomenmerelyplayers.”——WilliamShakespeare

WilliamShakespeareisconsideredthegreatestplaywrightintheworldandthefinestpoetwhohaswrittenintheEnglishlanguage.Shakespeareunderstoodpeoplemorethananyotherwriters.Hecouldcreatecharactersthathavemeaningbeyondthetimeandplaceofhisplays.HisfourtragediesareHamlet（《哈姆雷特》）,Othello（《奥赛罗》）,KingLear（《李尔王》）andMacbeth（《麦克白》）.

Shakespeare’ssonnets,154innumber,aretheonlydirectexpressionofthepoet’sownfeelings;Sonnet18deservesitsfamebecauseitisoneofthemostbeautifullywrittenversesintheEnglishlanguage

诗选

Sonnet18

ShallIcomparetheetoaSummer’sday

Thouartmorelovelyandmoretemperate.

RoughwindsdoshakethedarlingbudsofMay,

AndSummer’sleasehathalltooshortadate.

（我怎能将你与夏日相比/你比它更温和可爱：

/动人的花蕾在五月咆哮的风中颤抖，/夏日的美好时光也绝不长久：

）

Sometimetoohottheeyeofheavenshines,

Andoftenishisgoldcomplexiondimm’d;

Andeveryfairfromfairsometimedeclines,

Bychance,ornature’schangingcourse,untrimm’d;

（太阳的金色光芒虽然耀眼，/却常常以灰暗的面貌出现；/再美貌的物什都逃不过凋谢，/命运流转或无意间将其拆解；）

ButthyeternalSummershallnotfade,

Norlosepossessionofthatfairthouow’st

NorshallDeathbragthouwander’stinhisshade,

Whenineternallinetotimethougrow’st.

Solongasmencanbreathoreyescansee,

Solonglivesthis,andthisgiveslifetothee.

（可你如夏日般不会褪色,/你的美貌也将永存;/死神无法夸耀你曾在它的阴影中游荡,/伴随永恒的诗篇你将留存。

/只要人类生生不息我的诗句能被见证,/你就会在传承中得到永生！

）

相关练习

1.Shakespeare’sgreatesttragediesarethefollowingworksexcept____.

A.HamletB.KingLearC.RomeoandJulietD.Othello

2.TheEssenceofRenaissance,themostsignificantintellectualmovement,was_____.

A.GeographicalexplorationB.Religiousreformation

C.PublishingandtranslationD.Humanism.

3.In“Sonnet18”,Shakespeare_________________.

A.Meditateonthedestructivepoweroftimeandeternalbeautybypoetry.

B.Satirize（讽刺）human’svanity.

C.Predict（预测）theeternityoflove.

D.Eulogize（颂扬）thepowerofthebeauty.

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementbestillustratesthethemeofShakespeare’sSonnet18

A.ThespeakereulogizesthepowerofNature.

B.Thespeakersatirizeshumanvanity.

C.Thespeakerpraisesthepowerofartisticcreation.

D.Thespeakermeditatesonman’ssalvation.

5.TheRenaissancereferstobetween14th-mid-17thcentury,whichwasunderthereignofQueen___andabsolutemonarchyinEnglandreacheditssummit,andinwhichthe’realmainstream（真正的文学主流）’was____.

A.Victoria/poetry

B.Elizabeth/drama

C.Mary/novel

D.James/drama

6._____,thefirstofthegreattragedies,isgenerallyregardedasShakespeare’smostpopularplayonthestage,forithasthequalitiesofa“blood-and-thunder”thrilleranda’philosophicalexploration’oflifeanddeath.

A.TheMerchantofVeniceB.Hamlet

C.KingLearD.TheWinter’sTale

四．18世纪英国文学

The18th-centuryEnglandisknownastheAgeofEnlightenmentortheAgeofReason.

17thcenturywriterJohnMiltonranksasoneofthegreatestpoetsinthehistoryofEnglishliterature.HismasterpieceParadiseLost（失乐园）waspublishedin1667.LateranotherepicpoemParadiseRegained（复乐园）,sequeltoParadiseLost,waspublishedwiththepoeticdramaSamsonAgonistes（力士参孙）.

Themid-18thcenturywas,however,predominatedbyanewlyrisingliteraryform,themodernEnglishnovel,which,contrarytothetraditionalromanceofaristocrats,givesarealisticpresentationoflifeofthecommonEnglishpeople.

DanielDefoeisconsideredtobethefatheroftheEnglishnovel.HismasterpieceisRobinsonCrusoe.ItisconsideredtobethefirstEnglishnovel

JonathanSwiftisgenerallyconsideredthegreatestprosesatirist（讽刺散文家）inEnglishliterature.Hislanguageissimple,clearandvigorous.Heonceasserted:

“Properwordsinproperplace,makesthetruedefinitionofastyle.”他曾把文字风格定义成“恰到好处的词语用在恰到好处的地方”

Therearenoornamentsinhiswritings.Insimple,directandpreciseprose,SwiftisalmostunsurpassedinEnglishliterature.

Gulliver'sTravels,JonathanSwift'sbestfictionalwork,containsfourparts,eachaboutoneparticularvoyageduringwhichGulliverhasextraordinaryadventuresonsomeremoteislandafterhehasmetwithshipwreckorpiracyorsomeothermisfortune.

相关练习

1.Inwhichofthefollowingworkscanyoufindthepropernames"Lilliput","Brobdingnag",Houyhnhnm"and"Yahoo”？

A.ThePilgrim’sProgressB.TheFarrieQueene

C.Gulliver’sTravelsD.TheSchoolofScandal

2.______isatypicalfeatureofSwift’swritings.

A.ElegantstyleB.Causalnarration

C.BittersatireD.Complicatedsentencestructure

3.TheHouyhnhnmsdepictedbyJonathanSwiftinGulliver’sTravelsare________.

A.horsesthatareendowedwithreason.

B.pigmiesthatareendowedwithadmirablequalities

C.giantsthataresuperiorinwisdom.

D.Hairy,wild,lowanddespicablecreatures,whoresemblehumanbeingsnotonlyinappearancebutalsoinsomeotherways.

　五．浪漫主义诗歌

（一）先驱：

RobertBurns罗伯特·彭斯，WilliamBlake威廉·布莱克

RobertBurnsisanationalpoetofScotland,apoetofpeasants,hispoemsarewritteninScottishdialect.ARed,RedRose（《红红的玫瑰》）andAuldlangSynearehismostpopularpoems.

Toseeaworldinagrainofsand,/Andaheaveninawildflower,/Holdinfinityinthepalmofyourhand,/Andeternityinanhour.——WilliamBlake一花一世界，一沙一天国，君掌盛无边，刹那含永劫。

（二）代表诗人：

1.Escapistromanticists/LakePoets（湖畔派诗人）（WilliamWordsworth,SamuelTaylorColeridge,RobertSouthey）

2.activeromanticists/demonicgroup/Satanicschool（撒旦派）（GeorgeGordonByron,PercyByssheShelley,JohnKeats）

EnglishRomanticismisgenerallysaidtohavebeganin1798withthepublicationofWordsworth&Coleridge’sLyricalBalladsandtohaveendedin1832withSirWalterScott’sdeath.

WilliamWordsworthstartedwithSamuelTaylorColeridgetheEnglishRomanticmovementwiththeircollectionLyricalBalladsin1798.LyricalBallads《抒情歌谣集》followedby“ThePrefacetotheLyricalBallads”—servedasthemanifesto（宣言）oftheEnglishRomanticMovementinpoetry.

“Allgoodpoetryisthespontaneousoverflowofpowerfulfeelingsthattakesitsoriginfromemotionrecollectedintranquility.”——WilliamWordsworth（诗是强烈情感的自然流露；诗源于在平静中积累的情感。

）

相关练习

1.TheRomanticMovementexpressedamoreorless______attitudetowardtheexistingsocialandpoliticalconditions.

A.positive　B.negative　C.neutral　D.indifferent

2.FortheRomantics,____isnotonlythemajorsourceofpoeticimagery,butalsoprovidesthedominantsubjectmatter.

A.　love　　B.　man　　C.　nature　　D.　death

3.IntheRomanticperiod,____isthemostprosperousliteraryform.

A.　prose　　B.　poetry　　C.　fiction　　D.　play

4.RomanticismisaperiodofBritishliteratureroughlydatedfrom__.

A.　B.　

C.　D.

5.ThetwomajornovelistsoftheEnglishRomanticPeriodare_____andWalterScott.

A.WashingtonIrvingB.JaneAusten

C.HermanMelvilleD.CharlesDickens

Wordsworth,aromanticpoet,advocatedallthefollowingEXCEPT___.

 A.theuseofeverydaylanguagespokenbythecommonpeople

 B.theexpressionofthespontaneousoverflowofpowerfulfeelings

 C.theuseofhumbleandrusticlifeassubjectmatter

 D.theuseofelegantwordingandinflatedfiguresofspeech

7.Thepublicationof“_______”markedthebeginningofRomanticAge.

A.DonJuanB.TheRimeoftheAncientMariner

C.TheLyricalBallads D.QueenMab

8.ThemajorrepresentativesofthepoeticrevolutioninEnglishRomanticperiodwereSamuelTaylorColeridgeand____.

A.WilliamBlakeB.WilliamWordsworth

C.JohnKeatsD.PercyByssheShelley

诗选

IWanderedLonelyasaCloud——WilliamWordsworth