语法填空专项训练时态语态.docx
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语法填空专项训练时态语态
2013届高三英语语法复习:
动词的时态语态
时态和语态是广东高考语法填空中的必考点,每年至少必考1题。
究竟考些什么内容?
现将考点简述如下:
1.时态。
时态是英语谓语动词的一种形式,表示动作发生的时间和所处的状态。
英语中的时态是通过动词形式本身的变化来实现的。
英语中常用的时态有16种,但高考考试说明中规定要掌握的有十种:
10种时态
构成(以do为例)
主要用法
一般现在时
do/does
经常性或习惯性动作,客观事实,现在的状态
一般过去时
did
在过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态
一般将来时
will/shalldo
在将来某一时刻要发生的动作或存在的状态
过去将来时
woulddo
在过去某一时刻看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态
现在进行时
am/is/aredoing
表示现在或现阶段正在发生的动作
过去进行时
was/weredoing
表示在过去某一时间内正在进行的动作
将来进行时
will/shallbedoing
表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作
现在完成时
have/hasdone
表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态,其结果的影响现在还存在;也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态
过去完成时
haddone
表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动词,即“过去的过去”
现在完成进行时
have/hasbeendoing
表示一个从过去就开始一直延续到现在并有可能继续下去的动作
注:
(1)表示将来还有多种形式,如:
“begoingto+动词原形”“beto+动词原形”“beaboutto+动词原形”等。
在飞机、火车等时刻表中规定的事情,或在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中,要用一般现在时表示将来;表示计划好的活动,还常用现在进行时表示。
(2)现在进行时与always,continually,constantly等连用,表示说话人的某种情感,如赞扬,遗憾,讨厌或不满等。
如:
Heisalwayshelpingothers.他总是帮助别人。
(赞扬)
2.语态。
语态有两种:
主动语态和被动语态。
主语是动作的发出者为主动语态;主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。
被动语态由“be+过去分词”构成,不同时态的被动语态的形式由be来体现,如一般过去时的被动语态就是“was/were+过去分词”,一般将来时的被动语态就是“willbe+过去分词”。
●解题技巧
在广东高考英语语法填空中,一般有一空是考查谓语动词的时态,同时有一空是考查非谓语动词,因此,首先要判断括号中所给动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词;若是谓语动词,一是根据主语与谓语动词的关系判断用主动语态还是用被动语态,二是根据具体的语境来判断用哪一种时态,进而确定所填动词的形式。
例1:
Thisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheirnaturalcourse.Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoften40(result)inthecontrarytoourintention.(2008广东)
分析:
因句中Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelop是动名词短语作主语,括号中的result应当为谓语动词;主语与谓语动词是主动关系,再说短语动词resultin本身是不能用于被动语态的,故用主动语态;根据语境,这段话是拔苗助长这个成语故事所说明的道理,“我们必须让事物沿着它们的自然进程发展。
太着急帮助一件事物发展,结果往往和我们的意图相反(欲速则不达)。
”这是客观真理,应当用一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,故填results。
例2:
Thepoliceman’sattentionwassuddenlycaughtbyasmallboxwhich__________(place)undertheMinister’scar.(2005广东)
分析:
替代thebox的关系代词which在定语从句中作主语,place应当为谓语动词;因主语which(thebox)与place(放置)是被动关系,故用被动语态;又因place这个动作发生在wascaught这个动作之前,即“过去的过去”,用过去完成时的被动语态,故填hadbeenplaced。
一、单句填空:
用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1.Thehousebelongstomyauntbutshe
____________(notlive)hereanymore.(全国I)
2.Thismachine_______________(notwork).Ithasn’tworkedforyears.(浙江)
3.Iftheirmarketingplanssucceed,they
________________(increase)theirsalesby20percent.(全国Ⅱ)
4.Populationexpertspredictthatmostpeople_____________(live)incitiesinthenearfuture.(上海春)
5.He__________(play)footballregularlyformanyyearswhenhewasyoung.(天津)
6.--HaveyouknownDr.Jacksonforalongtime?
--Yes,sinceshe_________(join)theChineseSociety.(宁夏)
7.Teenagers____________(damage)theirhealthbecausetheyplaycomputergamestoomuch.(重庆)
8.IcalledHnnahmanytimesyesterdayevening,butIcouldn’tgetthrough.Herbrother__________(talk)onthephoneallthetime!
(湖南)
9.Johnpromisedhisdoctorhe_____________(notsmoke),andhehassmokedeversince.(北京)
10.Bythistimetomorrow,I_____________(lie)onthebeach
11.Sofarthisyearwe___________(see)afallinhousepricesbybetween5and10percent.(福建)
12.Thehotelwasn’tparticularlygood.ButI____________(stay)inmanyworsehotels.(北京)
13.Wefirstmetonatrainin2000.Webothfeltimmediatelythatwe____________(know)eachotherforyears.(辽宁)
14.--I’msureAndrewwillwinthefirstprizeinthefinal.
--Ithinkso.He_____________________(prepare)foritformonths.(江苏)
15.Thetelephone________________(ring),butbythetimeIgotindoors,itstopped.(四川)
16.--Didyougototheshowlastnight?
--Yeah.Everyboyandgirlinthearea_______________(invite).(陕西)
17.--What’sthatnoise?
--Oh,Iforgottotellyou.Thenewmachine
_______________(test).(浙江)
18.IliketheseEnglishsongsandthey
___________________(teach)manytimesontheradio.(安徽)
19.Nodecision_______________(make)aboutanyfutureappointmentuntilallthecandidateshavebeeninterviewed.(北京)
20.--Doyouhaveanyproblemsifyou______________(offer)thisjob?
--Well,I’mthinkingaboutthesalary….(湖南)
二、语篇填空
阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31~40的相应位置上。
(以动词时态为主)
(1)
It wasgettingdarkwhenIgothome.ItwascoldandI[1]_______________(wear)acoat.Iwalkeduptothedoorandputmyhandintomypocket[2]________(take)outmykey[3]______Icouldn’tfindit.IsuddenlyrememberedthatI hadleft[4]______onmydeskintheoffice.Itreallydidn’tmake[5]________difference.Iknewmywifewasathomeandthechildrenmusthavecomebackfromschool[6]________now,soIknocked atthedoor.
Therewasnoanswer,soIknockedagain.I[7]____________(continue)knockingatthedoorforsometime.Iwasgettingangry.ThenIrememberedsomethingtheofficeboyhadtoldmeatnoon.Hesaidthatmywife[8]________(phone) sayingthatshe[9]_____________(go)shoppingintheafternoonwiththechildren.
Therewasonlyonethingforme todo:
Ihadtoclimein[10]___________awindow.
(2)
Whenhewasalittleboy,ChristopherCockerelloncewatchedhismother[1]_______________(turn)thewheelofhersewing-machinewithherhand.
“Wouldn'titwork[2]________(quick)ifamachineturnedthewheelforyou?
”heasked.
“Isupposeitwould,”saidhismother,without[3]________(pay)himanyattention.
Christopher[4]________(know)shealwayshadalotofwork,andhewanted[5]________(help)her.
Upinhisbedroomtherewasatoysteam-enginewhichhisfatherhadbought[6]______asagift.“I[7]__________________(make)betteruseofit,”littleChristophersaidtohimself.So,whenhismother[8]____________
(notuse)hersewing-machine,hefixedthetoysteam-engineontoit.Whenthejob[9]____________(finish),hewasquitepleased, [10]____________(think)hismother[11]____________(like)it.
“Veryclever,”hismothersaid,whenshesawit.Thenshesatdownandwenton[12]________(turn)thewheelbyhand.“I[13]___________(work)likethisfortoomanyyears,”sheexplained.
ThistaughtChristopherCockerellthelessonthatanyonewhotries[14]____________(improve)anything[15]________(have)tolearn:
Manypeopledon’tlikenewideas.
答案见课件:
2010届高三英语二轮总复习语法填空专题训练课件:
时态语态.ppt
(3)
Onegoodturndeservesanother
I_____________(have)dinneratarestaurantwhenTonySteelecamein.Tony_______(work)inalawyer'sofficeyearsago,buthe____________(work)atabanknow.He______(get)agoodsalary,buthealways_______(borrow)moneyfromhisfriendsandnever______(pay)itback.Tony_____(see)meand_____(come)and____(sit)atthesametable.He___never____________(borrow)moneyfromme.Whilehe______________(eat),I_____(ask)himtolendmetwentypounds.Tomysurprise,he_____(give)methemoneyimmediately.'Ihaveneverborrowedanymoneyfromyou,'Tonysaid,'sonowyoucanpayformydinner!
'
(3)
1.washaving2.worked3.isworking4.gets5.borrows6.pays7.saw8.came9.sat
10.has11.borrowed12.waseating13.asked14.gave
高考动词、时态、语态专项训练
1.Hefilledhisleathercontainersothathecouldbringsomebacktoelderwhohadbeenhisteacher.Afterafour-dayjourney,theyoungman____________(present)thewatertotheoldman.
(10年广东卷)
2.Besides,shoppingatthistimeoftheyearwasnotapleasantexperience:
peoplesteppedonyourfeetor_____________(push)youwiththeirelbows(肘部),hurryingaheadtogettoabargain.(09年广东卷)
3.“Yourfatherhasatlastdecidedtostopsmoking,”Jane____________(inform).(09年广东卷)
4.Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoften_________(result)inthecontrarytoourintention.(08年广东卷)
5.Igratefullyacceptedtheoffer,_______(thank)himandwatchedthetruckdisappeardowntheroad.(10年广州市高三英语调研测试)
6.Now,thestrongermembers____________(seek)waystohelptheweakerones.EuropeanUnionruleslimitthechoicesforarescue.(10年广州二模)
7.CriticsofthepresidentstronglycriticizedthespeechasaneffortbytheWhiteHousetopromotethepresident'sdomesticagenda.Someparents________(tell)theirchildrentoresisttheaddress.(10揭阳二模)
8.Studentswhositthisyear'scollegeentranceexaminationinYushuwillreceiveadditionaltestpointsandcolleges_____________(instruct)togivepreferencetostudentsfromtheareawhentheymeetminimumadmissionrequirements,theministrysaidinanoticepublishedonitswebsiteonSaturday.(10珠海二模)
9.Oncepeopleweretiedtogether,therewasnowaythattheycouldavoidmarriage.Besides,hetoldZhangHuithathe___________(tie)himtoawife.(09珠海高三第二次调研考试)
10.Iwould__________(punish)forstealing.(09广东高三第二次六校联考)
11.Joseph____________(go)toeveningclassessincelastmonth,buthestillcan’tsay“What’syourname?
”inRussian.(10全国)
12.Thechurchtowerwhich__(restore)willbeopentotouristssoon.Theworkisalmostfinished.(10上海)
13.Thepalacecaughtfiresthreetimesinthelastcentury,andlittleoftheoriginalbuilding_________(remain)now.(10重庆)
14.——Guesswhat,we’vegotourvisasforashort—termvisittotheUKthissummer.
——Howmice!
You__(experience)adifferentculturethen.(10福建)
15.Ithoughtforamoment,__________(roll)downthewindow,andgesturedtotheman.(10茂名一模)
16.Whentheycameoutofthemall,theydiscoveredthattheirnewcar_________________(steal).(10广东模拟)
17.IhavetoeatthefoodevenifIdon’tlikeit,becauseit__________(consider)badmannersinthewesttoleaveone’sfoodintheplate.(10广东模拟)
18.ThebuildingwasstillshakingwhileI___________(walk)alongthestreet.(10佛山普通高中高三教学质检)
19.150millionyearsago,mostofGermanywasunderwater.Scientiststhinkthatwhenwaterlevelsrose,therewaslessandlesslandandfoodavailable.Thedinosaur_____________(force)toadaptandevolvedintoasmalleranimalneedinglessspaceandfood.(10广州一模)
20.MarthaBerryinherlateryearsreceivedmanymedalsandhon