Web Services Glossary.docx

Web Services Glossary.docx

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WebServicesGlossary

WebServicesGlossary

W3CWorkingGroupNote11February2004

Thisversion:

http:

//www.w3.org/TR/2004/NOTE-ws-gloss-20040211/

Latestversion:

http:

//www.w3.org/TR/ws-gloss/

Previousversion:

http:

//www.w3.org/TR/2003/WD-ws-gloss-20030808/

Editors:

HugoHaas,W3C

AllenBrown,Microsoft（untilJune2002）

Copyright © 2004 W3C®（MIT,ERCIM,Keio）,AllRightsReserved.W3Cliability,trademark,documentuseandsoftwarelicensingrulesapply.

Abstract

ThisdocumentisaglossaryofWebservicestermsdefinedandusedintheWebServicesArchitecture[WSArch].ItisintendedforusebyWebservicesspeficationsinordertorefertoacommoncoherentframework.

StatusofthisDocument

Thissectiondescribesthestatusofthisdocumentatthetimeofitspublication.Otherdocumentsmaysupersedethisdocument.AlistofcurrentW3CpublicationsandthelatestrevisionofthistechnicalreportcanbefoundintheW3Ctechnicalreportsindexathttp:

//www.w3.org/TR/.

ThisisapublicWorkingGroupNoteoftheWebServicesGlossary.IthasbeenproducedbytheW3CWebServicesArchitectureWorkingGroup,whichispartoftheW3CWebServicesActivity.ThispublicationasaWorkingGroupNotecoincideswiththeendoftheWorkingGroup'scharterperiod.

Discussionofthisdocumentisinvitedonthepublicmailinglistwww-ws-arch@w3.org（publicarchives）.

PatentdisclosuresrelevanttothisdocumentmaybefoundontheWorkingGroup'spatentdisclosurepage.

PublicationasaWorkingGroupNotedoesnotimplyendorsementbytheW3CMembership.Thisisadraftdocumentandmaybeupdated,replacedorobsoletedbyotherdocumentsatanytime.Itisinappropriatetocitethisdocumentasotherthanworkinprogress.Otherdocumentsmaysupersedethisdocument.

TableofContents

1Introduction

2Definitions

3References

Appendix

AAcknowledgements（Non-Normative）

1Introduction

ThisdocumentcontainsalistofWebservicestermsthatarepartofacoherentframeworkdefinedintheWebServicesArchitecture[WSArch].Therelationshipsbetweenthetermsaredefinedintheconceptsandrelationshipssectionof[WSArch].

Termsarecapitalizedwhenitismeaningful,orotherwisearedefinedinlowercase.

Somedefinitionsinthisdocumentarederivedverbatimfromexternaldocuments.Insuchcases,thesourceisindicatedasareference,listedinthe3Referencessection.

2Definitions

access

Tointeractwithasystementityinordertomanipulate,use,gainknowledgeof,and/orobtainarepresentationofsomeorallofasystementity'sresources.[RFC2828]

accesscontrol

Protectionofresourcesagainstunauthorizedaccess;aprocessbywhichuseofresourcesisregulatedaccordingtoasecuritypolicyandispermittedbyonlyauthorizedsystementitiesaccordingtothatpolicy.[RFC2828]

accesscontrolinformation

1.Anyinformationusedforaccesscontrolpurposes,includingcontextualinformation.[X.812]

2.ContextualinformationmightincludesourceIPaddress,encryptionstrength,thetypeofoperationbeingrequested,timeofday,etc.Portionsofaccesscontrolinformationmaybespecifictotherequestitself,somemaybeassociatedwiththeconnectionviawhichtherequestistransmitted,andothers（forexample,timeofday）maybe"environmental".[RFC2829]

accessrights

Adescriptionofthetypeofauthorizedinteractionsasubjectcanhavewitharesource.Examplesincluderead,write,execute,add,modify,anddelete.[WSIAGlossary]

actor

1.ApersonororganizationthatmaybetheownerofagentsthateitherseektouseWebservicesorprovideWebservices.

2.Aphysicalorconceptualentitythatcanperformactions.Examples:

people;companies;machines;runningsoftware.Anactorcantakeon（orimplement）oneormoreroles.Anactoratonelevelofabstractionmaybeviewedasaroleatalowerlevelofabstraction.

agent

Anagentisaprogramactingonbehalfofapersonororganization.（Thisdefinitionisaspecializationofthedefinitionin[WebArch].Itcorrespondstothenotionofsoftwareagentin[WebArch].）

anonymity

Thequalityorstateofbeinganonymous,whichistheconditionofhavinganameoridentitythatisunknownorconcealed.[RFC2828]

architecture

1.Thesoftwarearchitectureofaprogramorcomputingsystemisthestructureorstructuresofthesystem.Thisstructureincludessoftwarecomponents,theexternallyvisiblepropertiesofthosecomponents,therelationshipsamongthemandtheconstraintsontheiruse.（basedonthedefinitionofarchitecturein[SoftArchPract]）

2.Asoftwarearchitectureisanabstractionoftherun-timeelementsofasoftwaresystemduringsomephaseofitsoperation.Asystemmaybecomposedofmanylevelsofabstractionandmanyphasesofoperation,eachwithitsownsoftwarearchitecture.[Fielding]

artifact

Apieceofdigitalinformation.Anartifactmaybeanysize,andmaybecomposedofotherartifacts.Examplesofartifacts:

amessage;aURI;anXMLdocument;aPNGimage;abitstream.

asynchronous

Aninteractionissaidtobeasynchronouswhentheassociatedmessagesarechronologicallyandprocedurallydecoupled.Forexample,inarequest-responseinteraction,theclientagentcanprocesstheresponseatsomeindeterminatepointinthefuturewhenitsexistenceisdiscovered.Mechanismstodothisincludepolling,notificationbyreceiptofanothermessage,etc.

attribute

Adistinctcharacteristicofanobject.Anobject'sattributesaresaidtodescribetheobject.Objects'attributesareoftenspecifiedintermsoftheirphysicaltraits,suchassize,shape,weight,andcolor,etc.,forreal-worldobjects.Objectsincyberspacemighthaveattributesdescribingsize,typeofencoding,networkaddress,etc.[WSIAGlossary]

auditguard

Anauditguardisamechanismusedonbehalfofanownerthatmonitorsactionsandagentstoverifythesatisfactionofobligations.

authentication

Authenticationistheprocessofverifyingthatapotentialpartnerinaconversationiscapableofrepresentingapersonororganization.

authorization

Theprocessofdetermining,byevaluatingapplicableaccesscontrolinformation,whetherasubjectisallowedtohavethespecifiedtypesofaccesstoaparticularresource.Usually,authorizationisinthecontextofauthentication.Onceasubjectisauthenticated,itmaybeauthorizedtoperformdifferenttypesofaccess.[STG]

binding

1.Anassociationbetweenaninterface,aconcreteprotocolandadataformat.Abindingspecifiestheprotocolanddataformattobeusedintransmittingmessagesdefinedbytheassociatedinterface.[WSDReqs]

2.Themappingofaninterfaceanditsassociatedoperationstoaparticularconcretemessageformatandtransmissionprotocol.

3.SeealsoSOAPbinding.

capability

Acapabilityisanamedpieceoffunctionality（orfeature）thatisdeclaredassupportedorrequestedbyanagent.

choreography

1.Achoreographydefinesthesequenceandconditionsunderwhichmultiplecooperatingindependentagentsexchangemessagesinordertoperformatasktoachieveagoalstate.

2.WebServicesChoreographyconcernstheinteractionsofserviceswiththeirusers.AnyuserofaWebservice,automatedorotherwise,isaclientofthatservice.Theseusersmay,inturn,beotherWebServices,applicationsorhumanbeings.TransactionsamongWebServicesandtheirclientsmustclearlybewelldefinedatthetimeoftheirexecution,andmayconsistofmultipleseparateinteractionswhosecompositionconstitutesacompletetransaction.Thiscomposition,itsmessageprotocols,interfaces,sequencing,andassociatedlogic,isconsideredtobeachoreography.[WSCReqs]

component

1.Acomponentisasoftwareobject,meanttointeractwithothercomponents,encapsulatingcertainfunctionalityorasetoffunctionalities.Acomponenthasaclearlydefinedinterfaceandconformstoaprescribedbehaviorcommontoallcomponentswithinanarchitecture.[CCAT&D]

2.Acomponentisanabstractunitofsoftwareinstructionsandinternalstatethatprovidesatransformationofdataviaitsinterface.[Fielding]

3.Acomponentisaunitofarchitecturewithdefinedboundaries.

confidentiality

Assuringinformationwillbekeptsecret,withaccesslimitedtoappropriatepersons.[NSAGlossary]

configuration

Acollectionofpropertieswhichmaybechanged.Apropertymayinfluencethebehaviorofanentity.

connection

Atransportlayervirtualcircuitestablishedbetweentwoprogramsforthepurposeofcommunication.[RFC2616]

control

Tocauseadesiredchangeinstate.ManagementsystemsmaycontrolthelifecycleofmanageableWebservicesorinformationflowsuchasmessages.

conversation

AWebserviceconversationinvolvesmaintainingsomestateduringaninteractionthatinvolvesmultiplemessagesand/orparticipants.

credentials

Datathatistransferredtoestablishaclaimedprincipalidentity.[X.800]

deliverypolicy

Adeliverypolicyisapolicythatconstrainsthemethodsbywhichmessagesaredeliveredbythemessagetransport.

digitalsignature

Avaluecomputedwithacryptographicalgorithmandappendedtoadataobjectinsuchawaythatanyrecipientofthedatacanusethesignaturetoverifythedata'soriginandintegrity.（See:

dataoriginauthenticationservice,dataintegrityservice,digitizedsignature,electronicsignature,signer.）[RFC2828]

discovery

Theactoflocatingamachine-processabledescriptionofaWebservice-relatedresourcethatmayhavebeenpreviouslyunknownandthatmeetscertainfunctionalcriteria.Itinvolvesmatchingasetoffunctionalandothercriteriawithasetofresourcedescriptions.ThegoalistofindanappropriateWebservice-relatedresource.

discoveryservice

Adiscoveryservic