维也纳外交关系公约英文版紧凑排版可调整格式便于打印.docx
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维也纳外交关系公约英文版紧凑排版可调整格式便于打印
维也纳外交关系公约英文版
VIENNACONVENTIONONDIPLOMATICRELATIONSANDOPTIONALPROTOCOLS
ViennaConventiononDiplomaticRelations.DoneatVienna,on18April1961
TheStatesPartiestothepresentConvention,
Recallingthatpeoplesofallnationsfromancienttimeshaverecognizedthestatusofdiplomaticagents,
HavinginmindthepurposesandprinciplesoftheCharteroftheUnitedNationsconcerningthesovereignequalityofStates,themaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecurity,andthepromotionoffriendlyrelationsamongnations,
Believingthataninternationalconventionondiplomaticintercourse,privilegesandimmunitieswouldcontributetothedevelopmentoffriendlyrelationsamongnations,irrespectiveoftheirdifferingconstitutionalandsocialsystems,
RealizingthatthepurposeofsuchprivilegesandimmunitiesisnottobenefitindividualsbuttoensuretheefficientperformanceofthefunctionsofdiplomaticmissionsasrepresentingStates,
AffirmingthattherulesofcustomaryinternationallawshouldcontinuetogovernquestionsnotexpresslyregulatedbytheprovisionsofthepresentConvention,
Haveagreedasfollows:
ArticleI
ForthepurposeofthepresentConvention,thefollowingexpressionsshallhavethemeaningshereunderassignedtothem:
(a)The"headofthemission"isthepersonchargedbythesendingStatewiththedutyofactinginthatcapacity;
(b)The"membersofthemission"aretheheadofthemissionandthemembersofthestaffofthemission;
(c)The"membersofthestaffofthemission"arethemembersofthediplomaticstaff,oftheadministrativeandtechnicalstaffandoftheservicestaffofthemission;
(d)The"membersofthediplomaticstaff"arethemembersofthestaffofthemissionhavingdiplomaticrank;
(e)A"diplomaticagent"istheheadofthemissionoramemberofthediplomaticstaffofthemission;
(f)The"membersoftheadministrativeandtechnicalstaff"arethemembersofthestaffofthemissionemployedintheadministrativeandtechnicalserviceofthemission;
(g)The"membersoftheservicestaff"arethemembersofthestaffofthemissioninthedomesticserviceofthemission;
(h)A"privateservant"isapersonwhoisinthedomesticserviceofamemberofthemissionandwhoisnotanemployeeofthesendingState;
(i)The"premisesofthemission"arethebuildingsorpartsofbuildingsandthelandancillarythereto,irrespectiveofownership,usedforthepurposesofthemissionincludingtheresidenceoftheheadofthemission.
Article2
TheestablishmentofdiplomaticrelationsbetweenStates,andofpermanentdiplomaticmissions,takesplacebymutualconsent.
Article3
1.Thefunctionsofadiplomaticmissionconsist,interalia,in:
(a)RepresentingthesendingStateinthereceivingState;
(b)ProtectinginthereceivingStatetheinterestsofthesendingStateandofitsnationals,withinthelimitspermittedbyinternationallaw;
(c)NegotiatingwiththeGovernmentofthereceivingState;
(d)AscertainingbyalllawfulmeansconditionsanddevelopmentsinthereceivingState,andreportingthereontotheGovernmentofthesendingState;
(e)PromotingfriendlyrelationsbetweenthesendingStateandthereceivingState,anddevelopingtheireconomic,culturalandscientificrelations;
2.NothinginthepresentConventionshallbeconstruedaspreventingtheperformanceofconsularfunctionsbyadiplomaticmission.
Article4
1.ThesendingStatemustmakecertainthattheagreementofthereceivingStatehasbeengivenforthepersonitproposestoaccreditasheadofthemissiontothatState.
2.ThereceivingStateisnotobligedtogivereasonstothesendingStateforarefusalofagreement.
Article5
1.ThesendingStatemay,afterithasgivenduenotificationtothereceivingStatesconcerned,accreditaheadofmissionorassignanymemberofthediplomaticstaff,asthecasemaybe,tomorethanoneState,unlessthereisexpressobjectionbyanyofthereceivingStates.
2.IfthesendingStateaccreditsaheadofmissiontooneormoreotherStatesitmayestablishadiplomaticmissionheadedbyacharg?
d'affairesadinterimineachStatewheretheheadofmissionhasnothispermanentseat.
3.AheadofmissionoranymemberofthediplomaticstaffofthemissionmayactasrepresentativeofthesendingStatetoanyinternationalorganization.
Article6
TwoormoreStatesmayaccreditthesamepersonasheadofmissiontoanotherState,unlessobjectionisofferedbythereceivingState.
Article7
Subjecttotheprovisionsofarticles5,8,9and11,thesendingStatemayfreelyappointthemembersofthestaffofthemission.Inthecaseofmilitary,navalorairattach閟,thereceivingStatemayrequiretheirnamestobesubmittedbeforehand,foritsapproval.
Article8
1.MembersofthediplomaticstaffofthemissionshouldinprinciplebeofthenationalityofthesendingState.
2.MembersofthediplomaticstaffofthemissionmaynotbeappointedfromamongpersonshavingthenationalityofthereceivingState,exceptwiththeconsentofthatStatewhichmaybewithdrawnatanytime.
3.ThereceivingStatemayreservethesamerightwithregardtonationalsofathirdStatewhoarenotalsonationalsofthesendingState.
Article9
1.ThereceivingStatemayatanytimeandwithouthavingtoexplainitsdecision,notifythesendingStatethattheheadofthemissionoranymemberofthediplomaticstaffofthemissionispersonanongrataorthatanyothermemberofthestaffofthemissionisnotacceptable.Inanysuchcase,thesendingStateshall,asappropriate,eitherrecallthepersonconcernedorterminatehisfunctionswiththemission.ApersonmaybedeclarednongrataornotacceptablebeforearrivingintheterritoryofthereceivingState.
2.IfthesendingStaterefusesorfailswithinareasonableperiodtocarryoutitsobligationsunderparagraph1ofthisarticle,thereceivingStatemayrefusetorecognizethepersonconcernedasamemberofthemission.
Article10
1.TheMinistryforForeignAffairsofthereceivingState,orsuchotherministryasmaybeagreed,shallbenotifiedof:
(a)Theappointmentofmembersofthemission,theirarrivalandtheirfinaldepartureortheterminationoftheirfunctionswiththemission;
(b)Thearrivalandfinaldepartureofapersonbelongingtothefamilyofamemberofthemissionand,whereappropriate,thefactthatapersonbecomesorceasestobeamemberofthefamilyofamemberofthemission;
(c)Thearrivalandfinaldepartureofprivateservantsintheemployofpersonsreferredtoinsub-paragraph(a)ofthisparagraphand,whereappropriate,thefactthattheyareleavingtheemployofsuchpersons;
(d)TheengagementanddischargeofpersonsresidentinthereceivingStateasmembersofthemissionorprivateservantsentitledtoprivilegesandimmunities.
2.Wherepossible,priornotificationofarrivalandfinaldepartureshallalsobegiven.
Article11
1.Intheabsenceofspecificagreementastothesizeofthemission,thereceivingStatemayrequirethatthesizeofamissionbekeptwithinlimitsconsideredbyittobereasonableandnormal,havingregardtocircumstancesandconditionsinthereceivingStateandtotheneedsoftheparticularmission.
2.ThereceivingStatemayequally,withinsimilarboundsandonanon-discriminatorybasis,refusetoacceptofficialsofaparticularcategory.
Article12
ThesendingStatemaynot,withoutthepriorexpressconsentofthereceivingState,establishofficesformingpartofthemissioninlocalitiesotherthanthoseinwhichthemissionitselfisestablished.
Article13
1.TheheadofthemissionisconsideredashavingtakenuphisfunctionsinthereceivingStateeitherwhenhehaspresentedhiscredentialsorwhenhehasnotifiedhisarrivalandatruecopyofhiscredentialshasbeenpresentedtotheMinistryforForeignAffairsofthereceivingState,orsuchotherministryasmaybeagreed,inaccordancewiththepracticeprevailinginthereceivingStatewhichshallbeappliedinauniformmanner.
2.Theorderofpresentationofcredentialsorofatruecopythereofwillbedeterminedbythedateandtimeofthearrivaloftheheadofthemission.
Article14
1.Headsofmissionaredividedintothreeclasses-namely:
(a)ThatofambassadorsornunciosaccreditedtoHeadsofState,andotherheadsofmissionofequivalentrank;
(b)Thatofenvoys,ministersandinternunciosaccreditedtoHeadsofState:
(c)Thatofcharg閟d'affairesaccreditedtoMinistersforForeignAffairs.
2.Exceptasconcernsprecedenceandetiquette,thereshallbenodifferentiationbetweenheadsofmissionbyreasonoftheirclass.
Article15
TheclasstowhichtheheadsoftheirmissionsaretobeassignedshallbeagreedbetweenStates.
Article16
1.Headsofmissionshalltakeprecedenceintheirrespectiveclassesintheorderofthedateandtimeoftakinguptheirfunctionsinaccordancewitharticle13.
2.Alterationsinthecredentialsofaheadofmissionnotinvolvinganychangeofclassshallnotaffecthisprecedence.
3.ThisarticleiswithoutprejudicetoanypracticeacceptedbythereceivingStateregardingtheprecedenceoftherepresentativeoftheHolySee.
Article17
TheprecedenceofthemembersofthediplomaticstaffofthemissionshallbenotifiedbytheheadofthemissiontotheMinistryforForeignAffairsorsuchotherministryasmaybeagreed.
Article18
TheproceduretobeobservedineachStateforthereceptionofheadsofmissionshallbeuniforminrespectofeachclass.
Article19
1.Ifthepostofheadofthemissionisvacant,oriftheheadofthemissionisunabletoperformhisfunctionsacharg?
d'affairesadinterimshallactprovisionallyashe