风筝翻译.docx

风筝翻译.docx

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风筝翻译

P146

BesidesthetopicdesigninsShaYankite,manyminorpatternsmayasloinitasdecorations,

whichbeautifythetopicdesignofakiteaswellasexpresspeople’shopesandwhishes.Forexample,therearesuccivepatternsonthechest,stomachandattheendofaShaYankite.Thesesuccessivepattern,suchascirclelinesandcloud-builtlines.Afterbeingdrawnseverallinesthenpaintedvariouscolors,thedesignofShaYankite（Swallow-shapedKite）appearstobecompactandfair.There’reseveralkindsofkiteswithsomepatternsemboidedontheSandMartininJingjinarea（JingjinreferstoBeijingandTianjin）.MostofthesepatternscomefromChinesetraditionalauspiciousmotifs.Thefollowingaresomeexamples.InShaYankitewith13bats,thepictorialdesignisjustatraditionalexpression.Itusesblackassetting,whichformsafoiltothethirteenflyingbatsaccordingtothemodelofblackpot（anothersayingoffatswallowinthiskindoffly）.TwodragonsplayingwithapearlaslobelongstoSandMartinhard-fintypekite.

DragonissaidtobetheGodinChineselegend,symbolizinggoodluckandwealth.Twodragonsplayingwithapearldescribesthathedragonisplayingshedragonforthepearl.Itissaidthathepearlisinthestomachofhedragonwhenoutwithflame.Thekite’sbackgroundispurple,withwhitecloud,reddragon,decoratedwithirregularflame,pearlonintheheartofthekite.Andthetwodragonsliesonthetwowingsseperatelyrespondingtoeachother,whichcomesintoasymmetricalcoordinaion.

Atthesametime,kitehandicraftsmencomeupwithnewideascontinuosly.TheydecoratenewpatternsonShaYankite.Sometimes,theyaddbatshanginglongevitypeachintheirmouths.BecauseinChinesewords,“福”（meansgoodluck）and“蝠”（meansbat）arehomophones,sokitewithbatsonitsybolizesblessingandlongevity.Sometimes,therearepeachesandoneyonthesideofbats.Inancienttimes,moneyinChinesewaswrittenas“泉”ratherthantoday’s“钱”，buttheyarehomophonesatthattime,sothiskindofShaYankiteiscalledfushoushuangquan（meanstoenjoybothhappinessandlongevity）.Later,craftsmenfurtherdevelopedthesesymbolisticpatterns,likejiqingyouyu（withadequateluckandliving）kitemwhichisdrawnwithtwochickenandtwofishontheShaYankitedesign.“鸡”（chicken）and“吉”（meansauspicious）arehomophones,“鱼”（meansfish）and“余”（meansadequate）arehomophones.Sotheychosechickenandfishtoexpressdeliciouswishesthateverythinggoeswellandthereareadequatefoodforliving.Whencraftsmenmakeit,thefishliesonlegpartofthekitewithheadandtaidholdupintheair.Beinginthisposition,thefishechoswonderfullytothechickenontheswingpartofthekite.Thepatternsonthekitearefulloflivenessandjoyousnessfortheblackgroundmakethefishandchickenobvious.

Thepatternsonblackpotkitesimplyhavetwokindsofcolor:

blackandwhite,formingfiercecontrastunderthebluesky.Soitstandsoutintheairassingthefeaturethatblackpotkitegenerallyhasafatbody（附图4-1-2黑锅底风筝）.

IIIseniorgodoflongevitywithgoodhealthandgoodfortune

Theseniorgodoflongevitywithgoodhealthandgoodfortunekiteisoneofthetraditionalhard-finfigurekiteinourcountry（图4-1-3，见彩页）.Godoflongevity,inotherwords,Canopus（OldManStar）orAntarcticSenior.InthebookShiJiHistorialRecords,itsaysthattheGodoflongevityisexactlytheAntarcticSenior.Onceheisseen,thecountryweillinorderandwellpeace,sopeoplebuiletemplesforhimtoprayforblessingandlongevity.AntarcticSeniorisregardedasthegodwhotakechargeofpeople’slongevity,thus,drawnastheappearanceofseniormanwithwhitebeard,acrutchinhandandalongheadwhoseforheadbulges.

Ithasawidespreadamongthepeople,however,ithasdifferentstories.AncientpeoplehopedforlongevityandcomeintoexistencetheSeniormanforlongevityandgoodfortunereferstoLaozi.Inanotherversion,hereferstoPengzu,apersonwhowasfabricatedinAncientChina.

ThestoryofLaozicanlearnedin《神仙传》ofJindynasty.ItissaidthahisrealnameisLiEr,Liassirname,Erasgivenname.HestyledhimselfBoyang.BorninLivillageofkoucountyofStateChu,hewasageatthinkerinSpringandAutumperiodandhistoriographertakingchargeofpreservingbooksinZhoudynasty.HewastheancestorofDaoism.Inlegend,livingnearly300years,hewasbornwithtotallywhitehair,bulginghead,broadforehead,bigears,longeyebrow,widenose,squaremouthwiththicklips.Therewerewrinklesonhisforehead耳有三个漏门.Withanindifferencetofameofgain,helivedcarefreewithoutdesire.HewascalledLaozibecauseofhislongevity.ThefuturitycomparedhimtoOldManStar.ThestroriesofPengzucanbeseenin《神仙传》or《列仙传》.HewassaidtobenamedZhenQiang,beingthegreat-great-grandsonof瑞~theemperoroftheAniquity.Hedidn’tseemoldevenwhenhewas767yearsoldattheendofShangdynasty.Hedevotedallhislifetocultivatinghismind.Oncegiventhepositionofscholarbureaucrat,hechoosedtotravelaroundratherthanjoinedhiminpolitics.OwingtohisidesofYunqi（theartofdirectingone’sstrength,throughconcentrationtoapartofbody）tokeepingoodhealth,hecouldlivelong.Later,sufferingwar,hewanderedinthewesternterritoriesforover100years.Accoringtolegend,helivedtobe800yearsold.Sopeopletookhimasthesmbolizationoflongevity.

Althoughismanfactureisrelativelyeasy,itcarriescarefulcoloredpatternwhichingeneraldrawnbygongbi（traditionalChienserealisticpainting）.ForOldManStargenerallyhasoneimageofpatternsoithasasingleprocecdureofpainting.Thetwocrossingsticksusedforthebodypartupanddownneedtobehardinthemiddle,softattheendthatismadeforwings.Thedegreeofcurvatureofthetwowingsshouldconsistent.It’sbetterifthetwocrossingstickscomefromonebamboo.First,putupthespine（theup-and-downorverticalstickthayoubuildyourkitearound）;second,tiethespar（thesupportsticksthatareplacedcrosswaysorataslantoverthespine.Sometimesthey’recurvedorvowed）onthespinetoformaframe（thatformtheshapeofthekiteandmakeasupportofthecover）.Third,cutapieceofstringlongenoughostretchallarounthekiteform.Thencurveandtieotherbamboostrips.

IVthewonderfulmagicmonkeyking

TheSunWukongkiteshavemanypatterns,likethetraditional“米”character（word）hard-finkite,andnamesforthemarevaryaswell.Forexample,FlowerFruitMountainkite,PeachPartykite,GreatSagetoHeavenkite,BeatingthePeodBonesSpiritThreeTimeskite,MonkeyKing72TransformationskiteandSunWukongAtomkite.Kiteartistsgatherallthemeritsofvariouskites,withtheuniqueidea,designingtheMonkeyKingHoldingPeachesinGoldenTraykite.

ThestoryofSunWukongcomesfromJourneytotheWest.Whencraftmenmadethiskindofkites,theydrawnSunWukongasabravemonkey.HedisturbedtheYonggungsa（龙宫）andmadetheafterworldindisorder.AninterestingthingisthatheforcedYamatotakeoutthelive-and-deathlist,onwhichhecrossedoutallthenamesofhiskind.Later,theJadeEmperorknewit,inordertotakecontrolofhim,theJadeEmperorsentGreatWhitePlanettohimtosvargabytrickinghimthathewouldbetitledBimawen（apositionchargingofhorseinsvarga）.Whenheknewthetrick,heleft.Instantly,theJadeEmperororderedHeavenlyKingLitoconfessSunWukong.SunWukongfightagainsthimbravelywithtactandcalmness,andthejumpingjackwerealldefeatedbadly.So,againtheJadeEmperorsentGreatWhitePlanettogivehimtitlesavagewiththeHeaven.SunWukonglivedfreeandunfrttered,notpaymuchattentiontolawsornorms.Forhisimpoliteness,WuQianQianasHeavenlyMatriarchrefusedtoinvitehimtothePeachParty.Fulloffury,SunWukongstolethepeaches,atetheGoldenElixirPillsanddrank御酒.Withanger,theJadeEmperordispatchedgodErlangsucceededincatchinghimrelyingonhisarm金刚圈.SunWukongwaspulledintothe八卦炉ofLordLaoZioftheGreatMonad.Butthatdidn’tburnhimintonothing,inturn,madehimowndimondhardeyewithflamingreddupilswhichcandicernghostsandmonsters.After49days,hewentoutandmadetheavargaturningupsidedown.

Withboldnessofconception,wonderfullexaggeration,theprincipleofthestructralaestheticofpatterndesignandcreation,craftmenmakekites’designsfullofnoveltyandwonder.Theymagnifythepeachestofoiltheartisticconception,anddiminishthesizeofSunWukongtorepresenthumor.Thiskindofdesignisfullofartisticconceptionandnovelty.

Itisthiskindofkite,generallyspeaking,whoseappearanceisfla,whosecontourcanbechangedaccordingtosubjectmatterandwhoseframeismadeupofcentralstick,twoupsidesicks.Itsotherpartscanbebandedbythinbamboopieces.ThedesignofSunWukongkitemagnifiespeachestorepresentthesupernaturalpowersandimageofSunWukongwiselyandfreshly.Thepatternsarecoloredpaintingfulloftheconceptionoftryingtouniqueandgracious.Onpaintingandtechnique,itabsorbsthespiritofChinesetraditionalpaintingaswellasmordernfantasticcolorandrealisicpaintingandwriting,puttinginnovationintonovelty,with?

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inthedeepfeelingofinner.

Vamazingpiebridge

PieBriagekiterepresentthelegendofloveinChineseancientlegend.CowherdandweainggirlarethenamesofconstellationswithcowherdreferringtoAltairandweavinggirlreferringtoVega.Inthelegend,WeavinggirlwasthegranddaughteroftheJadeEmperor,cleverandhardworking,knittingnankinalltheyear.WeavinggirllivedintheeastoftheMilkyWay.Inthewest,livedtheverypoorbutclever,dilifentandhonestcowherd,doingfarmworkwithhisbuffalo.Oned