新视野大学英语第三版读写教程第四册汉译英和完形填空答案.docx

新视野大学英语第三版读写教程第四册汉译英和完形填空答案.docx

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新视野大学英语第三版读写教程第四册汉译英和完形填空答案

Unit1

1.Bankedcloze

Haveyoueverheardpeoplesaythattheytendtobemoreofaright-brain

orleft-brainthinker?

Frombookstotelevisionprograms,youhaveprobablyheard

thetermmentionednumeroustimes,orperhapsyouhaveeventakenanonlinetesttodeterminewhichtypebestdescribesyou.

Dodifferentpartsofthebrainreallycontroldifferentbodilyandmentalfunctions?

Overtheyears,atheorythathasgainedinpopularityisthattherightbrainandtheleftbrainareresponsiblefordifferentmodesofthoughtandthatthewayinwhichapersonthinkswilldependonwhichsideofhisbrainworksmoreactively.

Peoplewhorelymoreheavilyontherighthalfoftheirbraintendtobemoreimaginativeandspontaneous.Theyareinterestedinpatterns,shapesandsizes,fortherightbrainisassociatedwithartisticabilitylikesinging,painting,

Writingpoetry,etc.Left-braindominatedpeoplearequiteoppositeinthewaytheythink.Theytendtobemorelogicalandanalyticalintheirthinkingandusuallystandoutinmathematicsandwordskills.

Whilethedifferentfunctionsofthetwobrainpartsmayhavebeendistortedandexaggeratedbypopularpsychology,understandingyoustrengthsandweaknessesincertainareascanhelpyoudevelopbetterwaystolearnandstudy.Forexample,ifyouareusuallystumpedintryingtofollowverbalinstructions,anactivityoftencitedasaright-braincharacteristic,youcanbenefitfromwritingdowndirectionsanddevelopingbetterorganizationalskills.

2.中庸思想（DoctrineoftheMean）是儒家思想的核心内容。

TheDoctrineoftheMeanisthecoreofConfucianism.孔子所谓的“中”不是指“折中”，而是指在认识和处理客观事物时的一种“适度”和“恰如其分”的方法。

Theso-called“mean”byConfuciusdoesn’tmean“compromise”buta“moderate”and“Justright”waywhenunderstandingandhandlingobjectivethings.孔子主张不仅要把这种思想作为一种认识和处理事物的方法来看待，而且还应该通过自身修养和锻炼，把它融入自己的日常行为当中，使之成为一种美德。

Confuciusadvocatedthatthisthoughtshouldnotonlybetreatedasawaytounderstandanddealwiththingsbutalsobeintegratedintoone’sdailyconducttomakeitavirtuethroughself-cultivationandtraining.中庸思想是儒家思想的核心，也是中国传统文化的重要组成部分。

TheDoctrineoftheMeanisnotonlythecoreofConfucianismbutalsoanimportantcomponentoftraditionalChineseculture.从它的形成到现在，一直为民族精神的构建、民族智慧的传播、民族文化的发展发挥着不可估量的作用。

Fromthetimeitcameintobeingtothepresent,ithasplayedaninvaluableroleintheconstructionofnationspirit,thetransmissionofnationalwisdom,andthedevelopmentofnationalculture.

Unit2

1.Bankedcloze

Iwasonceinarelationshipwithawomanwhowasthemostbrilliant,creativeanddrivenpersonI’deverknown.Itoldherthesethingsoftenbecauseshedidn’tseeherselfthisway,despiteachievinggreatsuccessandacclaim（称赞）inherprofessionalfield.Shewasalsogorgeousandsexy,thoughtsheseemednottorealizethiseither,soItoldherthesethingstoo.ButwhileIthoughtitwasmoreimportanttopraiseherbrilliance,itseemedtomeanmoretoherthatshewasconsideredattractive.

Myexperiencewiththisgirlfriendexemplifiesacommonphenomenoninlife-whenitcomestocomplimentingawoman,menoftenwalkaverydifficultline.Ofcourse,contextmatters.Inaprofessionalsetting,talkingaboutappearanceisofteninappropriate,butatasinglesclub,itmaybeimportant.Shewillbeverypleasedifamanthinksherclothsandaccessoriesarepretty,orherhairlookswonderful.However,thingsinbetweenthesetwocasesareunclear.Womenhaveeveryrighttoberecognizedandappreciatedortheirintelligenceandcreativity.Butatthesametime,theywanttobeadmiredfortheirlooksaswell,forexample,theirperfectskincomplexionandelegantoutfits.

Unfortunately,mostguysdon’tunderstandthis.Ifwereceivecomplimentsfromwomen,they’reusuallyaboutourachievements,notourlooks.Mostofusdon’texpectawomantotellushowhandsomeorsexyweare,andsomeofuswouldfindithardtoregardsucha（an）commentassincere.

I’mnotsayingit’sveryhardtobeaguythesedays.Itisimportantforeverymantounderstandhowtotreatwomenwithbothrespectandadmiration.Butasfarastherightbalanceofthesetwoisconcerned,wereallyhavenoframeofreference,especiallywhenitcomestolooks.

2.中国的四大名著是指《三国演义》（RomanceoftheThreeKingdoms）、《水浒传》（OutlawsoftheMarsh）、《西游记》（JourneytotheWest）和《红楼梦》（ADreamofRedMansions）四部著名小说。

ThefourgreatclassicChinesenovelsareRomanceoftheThreeKingdoms,OutlawsoftheMarsh,JourneytotheWestandADreamofRedMansions.它们的创作时间均处于元末明初至清代期间，AllthefournovelswerewrittenduringtheperiodfromthelateYuanandearlyMingdynastiestotheQingDynasty.其内容反映了中国古代的政治和军事斗争、社会矛盾、文化信仰等各个方面。

TheyallreflectvariousaspectsofancientChina,includingpoliticalandmilitarystrife,socialconflictsandculturalbeliefs.四大名著具有很高的艺术水平，代表了中国古典小说的高峰。

Thefournovelsareofsupremeartisticstandards,representingthepeakofChina’sclassicnovels.书中的许多人物和场景在中国家喻户晓，并且已经深深地影响了整个民族的思想观念和价值取向。

Lotsofthecharactersandscenesinthebooksarewell-knowninChinaandhaveexertedprofoundinfluencesontheideologyandvaluesoftheentirenation.四本著作在中国古代民俗、封建制度、社会生活等多个领域皆有巨大的研究价值，是中国乃至全人类的宝贵文化遗产。

HighlyvaluablefortheresearchofChina’sancientcustoms,feudalsystem,andsociallife,thefourclassicnovelsarepreciousculturalrelicsofChinaaswellasthehumansocietyasawhole.

Unit3

1.Bankedcloze

Insomeurbancenters,workaholism（工作狂）issocommonthatpeopledunotconsideritunusual:

Theyacceptthelifestyleasnormal.GovernmentworkersinWashingtonD.C.,forexample,frequentlywork60to70hoursaweek.Theydon’tdothisbecausetheyhavedo;theydoitbecausetheywantto.

Workaholismcanbeaseriousproblem.Trueworkaholics,beingdeeplyimmersedintheirwork,allowthemselveslittleornotimetotakebreaks.Theyliketoworkwithoutbeingdisrupted,andtheyprobablydon’tknowhowtorelax.

ButisWorkaholismalwaysbad?

Perhapsnot.Therearepeoplewhoworkwellunderstress.Besides,somestudiesshowthatmanyworkaholicshavegreatenergyandinterestintheirownsphere.Theirworkissopleasurablethattheyareactuallyveryhappy.Formostworkaholics,workandentertainmentarethesamething.Theirworkchallengethem,keepingthembusyandgenuinelyengaged.

Whydoworkaholicsenjoydoingtheirjobssomuch?

Ofcoursetheygetpaychecksfromit,butitishardtoquantifythepleasurewithmoney.Itoffersmorethanfinancialsecurity.Psychologistsclaimthatworkgivespeopleanidentityandprovidesthemwithself-confidence.Peoplehaveafeelingofsatisfactionwhentheyadministrateabusinesswellorcompleteachallengingpieceofwork.Inaddition,mostjobsprovideasociallyacceptablewayforpeopletomeetothers.So,thoughtsomepeoplearecompulsive（强迫性的）abouttheirwork,theiraddictionseemstobeasafeorevenanadvantageousone.Theyfeelemptyandincompletewhentheyareinvolvedinactivitiesnotrelatedtowork.

2.近年来，随着互联网技术的迅猛发展，互联网经济已成为一个热门话题。

Inrecentyears,withtherapiddevelopmentofInternettechnology,theInterneteconomyhasbecomeahotissue.以蓬勃发展的电子商务为代表的互联网经济已成为经济发展的重要引擎。

AsrepresentedbythepromisingE-commerce,theInterneteconomyhasbecomeastrongdrivingforcefortheeconomicdevelopment.我国政府高度重视发展互联网，提出了“互联网+”的概念，以推动互联网与医疗、交通、教育、金融、公共服务等领域的结合。

OurgovernmentattachesgreatimportancetodevelopingtheInterneteconomyandproposestheconceptof“Internetplus”,aimingtointegrateInternetwithotherindustries,suchashealthcare,transportation,education,financeandpublicservice.这将为互联网经济的发展提供极大的发展潜力和更广阔的发展空间。

ThiswillcreategreatpotentialandbroadprospectsforthedevelopmentofftheInterneteconomy.随着“户联网+”战略的深入实施，互联网必将与更多传统行业进一步融合，助力打造“中国经济升级版”。

Withtheimplementationofthe“InternetPlus”strategy,theInternetiscertaintobeintegratedwithmoretraditionalindustriesandhelpbuild“theupgradedversionoftheChineseeconomy”.

Unit4

1.Bankedcloze

Farminginvariablyinterfereswiththehabitatsofplantsandanimals.However,thisdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatagricultureandbiodiversityareincompatible.Infact,quitetheoppositeistrue.Thesustainablecultivationofplantsforfoodandfeedactuallyenablesustopreservebiodiversity.

By2007,thereweremorethantwiceasmanypeoplelivingontheplanetastherewerein1961.Overthesameperiod,thetotalamountofavailablearable（）landgrewbyjust10percent.Incomparisonwithpopulationgrowth,theexpansionofarablelandwassmall.Andtherearelimitstofurtherexpansion.Alargeproportionoftheearth’ssurface-likedeserts-isnotsuitableforcultivation,andotherareasareutilizedbyhumansforroadsandbuildings.Somelandthatisrichinbiodiversityneedstobepreservedandthusshouldnotbeconvertedintoarableland.Thetropicalrainforests,forexample,havethehighestspeciesdensityintheworld,andchangingthislandforcropcultivationwouldbedreadfultothesespecies’habitatsand,indeed,existence.

By2050,globaldemandforfoodwillhaverisenby70percent.Buttheexpansionoflandavailableforcultivationhasitslimits.Thisisoneofthegreatestchallengesfacingagriculturetoday:

Howdowebalancetheincreaseddemandforfoodwiththeneedtomaintainbiologicaldiversity,nowandinthefuture?

Efficientandsaneuseoflandwillbekeytopreservingnaturalanimalandplanthabitats.Toachievethisaimwilldependtoa（an）considerableextentontheuseofmodernagriculturalmethods.Ifthesemethodsaresuccessfullyapplied,webelievethatagricultureandbiodiversitycancoexistinharmony.

2.苏州园林是中国古典园林最杰出的代表，大部分为私家所有。

SuzhougardensarethemostoutstandingrepresentativesofclassicalChinesegardens.Mostofthemwereprivately-owned.苏州园