LOVE IS A FALLACY练习答案.docx

LOVE IS A FALLACY练习答案.docx

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LOVEISAFALLACY练习答案

Stuart:

IntroductiontothePassage

　　1.Typeofliterature:

apieceofnarrativewriting

　　　　--protagonist/antagonists

　　　　--climax

　　　　--denouement

　　2.Themaintheme

　　3.Wellchosentitleandwords

　　4.Style

　　　　--averyfastpacewitharacydialoguefullofAmericancolloquialismandslang

　　　　--employingavarietyofwritingtechniquestomakethestoryvivid,dramaticandcolorful

III.EffectiveWritingSkills:

　　1.Employingcolorfullexicalspectrum,fromtheultralearnedtermstotheinfraclippedvulgarforms

　　2.Toomuchfigurativelanguageandungrammaticalinversionforspecificpurposes

　　3.Theusingofshortsentences,ellipticalsentencesanddashestomaintainthespeedofnarration

LoveisaFallacy课后练习题/EXERCISES

I.Writeashortnoteon:

Ruskin.

[SRB]

1.OxfordCompaniontoEnglishLiterature

2.anybookonthehistoryofEnglishliterature

3.anystandardencyclopedia

II.Questionsoncontent:

1.Whatdoesthewritersayabouthisownessay?

Isheseriousinhisremarks?

2.What,accordingtothewriter,isthepurposeofthisessay?

Doyouagree?

3.WhydoesthenarratorconsiderPeteyBurchdumbasanox?

4.WhydoesthenarratorteachPollyEspylogic?

Didhesucceed?

5.Defineandgiveanexampleofeachofthelogicalfallaciesdiscussedinthisessay.

Ⅲ.Questionsonappreciation:

1.Commentonthetitleofthisessay.Isithumorous?

2.Canyoufindanyevidencetosupporttheviewthatthewriterissatirizingabrightbutself-satisfiedyoungman?

3.Whatisthepurposeofthisessayorstory?

Whatmethoddoesthewriteremploy?

4.CommentonthelanguageusedbyPolly.Whateffectdoesherlanguagecreate?

5.Whydoesthenarratorarguethat"thethingsyoulearninschooldon'thaveanythingtodowithlife"?

（para.145）

6.Whatisthetopicsentenceofparagraph50?

Howdoesthewriterdeveloptheideaexpressedinthetopicsentence?

7.WhydoesthenarratorrefertoPygmalionandFrankenstein?

Aretheseallusionschosenaptly?

8.Inwhatsenseistheconclusionironic?

IV.Analyzethelogicalfallacyineachofthefollowingstatements:

1.Watchingtelevisionisawasteoftime.

2.Inthelastmonth,fourteenstudentshavebeenarrestedinCaliforniaforusingdrugs.Thatstateisobviouslyfilledwithyoungaddicts.

3.Allhislifehehasreadcomicbooks.Isitanywonderhe'sajuveniledelinquent?

4.IfIhadstudiedharder,Iwoulddefinitelyhavepassedthattest.

5.Religionobviouslyweakensthepoliticalstrengthofacountry.Afterall,RomefellaftertheintroductionofChristianity.

6.It'struethatthisboykilledfourpeople.Yetthinkofthepovertyandmiseryhewasraisedin:

hisparentsneglectedhim,andheneverhadenoughtoeat.

7.Teachersincapitalistcountriesareoutforallthemoneytheycanget.

8.Everybodyinacapitalistcountryisbasicallydishonest.Lookatallthepoliticianswhoarearrestedeveryyearfortakingbribesandmisusingpublicfunds.

V.Translateparas145--154intoChinese.

Ⅵ.Lookupthedictionaryandexplainthemeaningoftheitalicizedwords"

1.thatlogic,farfrombeingadry,pedanticdiscipline（para3）

2.mybrainwasaspowerfulasadynamo（para4）

3.pausinginmyflight（para8）

4.whentheCharlestoncameback（para11）

5.Theyshed.（para16）

6.Don'tyouwanttobeintheswim?

（para17）

7.Iwouldbeoutinpractice（para24）

8.Shewasnotyetofpin-upproportions（para25）

9.Shealreadyhadthemakings.（para25）

10.Shehadanerectnessofcarriage,aneaseofbearing（para26）

11.areyougoingsteady（para30）

12.Idepositedheratthegirls'dormitory（para97）

13.lawyershavebriefstoguidethem（para105）

14.hammeringawaywithoutlet-up（para123）

Ⅶ.Explainhowthemeaningofthefollowingsentencesisaffectedwhentheitalicizedwordsarereplacedwiththewordsinbrackets.Payattentiontotheshadesofmeaningofthewords:

1.Fads,Isubmit,aretheverynegationofreason.（fashions）

2."Canyoumean,"Isaidincredulously,"thatpeople...again?

"（incredibly）

3.hesaidpassionately.（eagerly）

4.Shewas,tobesure,agirlwhoexcitedtheemotions（feelings）

5.Ithrewopenthesuitcaseandrevealedthehuge,hairy,gamyobject（showed）

6.IwastemptedtogiveherbacktoPetey.（inclined）

7.Ihidmyexasperation.（disappointment）

8.Isaid,pattingherhandinatolerantmanner（indulgent）

9.Ichuckledwithsomewhatlessamusement.（merriment）

10.Iwilllanguish.（sufferalot）

Ⅷ.Discriminatethefollowinggroupsofsynonyms:

1.keen,calculating,perspicacious,acute,astute

2.intelligent,bright,brilliant,clever,smart

IX.Studythesuffixesinthefollowingnounsandgiveatleast5examplesofeach:

1.analogy4.fallacy,idiocy

2.appendicitis5.tactics

3.chemist,faddist6.venture

[SRB]

1.Walker'sRhymingDictionary

2.anybookonlexicologyorwordbuilding

X.Thenarratorinthisessayhasastyleallhisown.Inpart,itischaracterizedbymanyfiguresofspeech.Mentionexamplesofthefollowing:

simile,metaphor,hyperbole,metonomy,antithesis.Commentonthefiguresthatareusedeffectively.

Ⅺ.Thestyleisalsocharacterizedinpartbyinvertedsentenceorder.Pointouttheplaceswhereinversionoccursandexplainthereasonfortheinversion.

Ⅻ.Oneofthewaystoachieveemphasisistochangethenormalorderofasentence.Rewritethefollowingsentencesbyinvertingsentencepart:

1.Idon'twantsympathy!

2.Hewouldnotyield,thoughdeaththreatenedhim.

3.Youmustn'tmissthattriptoNiagara.

4.Theboycamedownonhishead.

5.Themedicalrecordsandconductsheetswerepiledonthedeskinfrontofhim.

6.Thelaststoryiscompletelydifferent.

7.Amandressedinablackgownwalkedin.

8.Hewhoisdevotedtoajustcauseliveswithoutfear.

ⅩⅢ.Pickoutsomeofthecolloquialismsandslangsusedinthetext.

ⅩⅣ.Readthefollowingpassageandexplainwhatmethodisusedtodevelopthemainidea.

Ahospitalusuallyemploysfivedifferentkindsofnursesaccordingtotheirdegreesandtheamountoftrainingtheyhavehad.

Atthehighestlevelaretheregisterednurseswithcollegedegrees.Thismaybeadoctorate,master,orbachelorofsciencedegree.Adegreeisaprerequisiteifapersondesiresasupervisoryjoborwantstoteachinaschoolofnursing.Naturally,thesejobsarethehighestpaidandcarrythegreatestresponsibility.

Nextaretheregisterednurseswithanassociatedegree（twoyearsofcollege）.Thisisparticularlysuitedtoapersonwhoisnotquitesureaboutgoingtocollege.ItleavesthedooropentofurtherlearningandatthesametimeenablesthepersontoworkasanR.N.Associatedegreeprogramsarerathernewandhavebeeninstitutedtohelprelievethecrucialneedforqualifiednurses.

Thirdisthethree-yeardiplomafromaschoolofnursing.Upongraduation,nursesareentitledtotakeastateboardexamination.Thereisnodegreegiven,however,otherthanR.N.Theseschoolsarerapidlydisappearingfrommanyareasasthecostofmaintainingthemishigh,andalsobecausestaterequirementsinsistonmoreattentiontotheoryandmorecloselysupervisedclinicalexperience.

Licensedpracticalnurseshaveonlyrecentlybecomeimportant.Theyusuallytakeatwelvemonthcoursefollowedbyawrittenexaminationrequiredbythestatebeforelicensing.BedsidenursingisstressedandagoodL.P.N.caneasetheworkloadoftheR.N.tremendously.ThisallowstheR.N.togivemedicationsandtocarryoutintricateproceduresonceassignedonlytointerns.

Aidesareavaluableassettothenursingteam.Usuallyafewweeksonthejobtrainingwithpayisallthatisrequired.ThisjobsupplementsandworksinhandbothwiththeL.P.N.andR.N.

XV.Topicsfororalwork:

1.Whatandwhomdoestheauthorsatirizeinthisessay?

Illustrateyourpointwithexamples.

2.DoesthenarratorlovePolly?

Isloveafallacy?

XVI.Writeashortcompositionononeofthefollowingtopics,usingthemethodofclassificationfordevelopingyourideas:

1.FarmWorkinMyVillage

2.PhysicalTraininginOurSchool

3.SomeSuccessfulStudyMethods

LoveisaFallacy练习题答案/answer

Ⅰ．Ruskin：

JohnRuskin（1819—1900），Englishcriticandsocialtheorist，wasthevirtualdictatorofartisticopinioninEnglandduringthemid-19thcentury.RuskinattendedOxfordfrom1836to1840andwontheNewdigatePrizeforpoetry.In1843appearedthefirstvolumeofModernPainters.Thisworkelaboratestheprinciplesthatartisbasedonnationalandindividualintegrityandmoralityandalsothatartisa"universallanguage".TheSevenLampsofArchitectureappliedthesesametheoriestoarchitecture.About1857,Ruskin’sartcriticismbecamemorebroadlysocialandpolitical.InhisworksheattackedbourgeoisEnglandandchargedthatmodernartreflectedtheuglinessandwasteofmodernindustry.RuskinrspositiveprogramforsocialreformappearedinSesameandLilies（1865）,TheCrownofWildOlive（1866）,TimeandTide（1867）,andForsClavigera（8vols.,1871--1884）.Manyofhissuggestedprograms--oldagepensions,nationalizationofeducation,organizationoflabor--havebecomeaccepteddoctrine.

Ⅱ.1.Thewriterhumorouslyuseswordslike"limp","flaccid"and"spongy"todescribehisessay.Nationallyhedoesn'tbelievehisessaytobebad,orelsehewouldnothavewrittennorwouldithavebeenpublished.MaxShulmaniswell-knownforhishumor.

2.Thepurposeofthisessay,accordingtothewriter,istodemonstratethatlogic,farfrombeingadry,pedanticsubject,isaliving,breathing:

thing,fullofbeauty,passion,andtrauma.Logicmaybeaninterestingsubject,butitisdefinitelynotaliving,breathing,fullofbeauty,passionandtrauma.Thewriteris