英文科技论文写作常用句式.docx

英文科技论文写作常用句式.docx

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英文科技论文写作常用句式

在这篇文章中，我们说明（介绍）了一种……方法

Inthiswork,weaddresstheproblemof+doingsth 

Inthispaper,weproposethe...

在这一章节，我们介绍……

Inthissection,wepresent...

Wedemonstrateoutalgorithmontwotasks:

A被认为是B

AcanberegardedasB

为了这个目的，我们提出了A

Tothisend,weproposeA.

在样本的……和……上都很有效

makeeffectiveuseofboth...and...amongsamples.

当应用到……中的时候

Whenappliedto...

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Bycombining...and...,....

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A  isoneofthefundamentalproblemsinB

目的在于……

Itsgoalistodo...

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Ourtargetis...

Ourbasicnotionistodo...

为了达到……的目的

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因为……，做什么是困难的

As....,itisverydifficulttodo....

As...,irisusuallyhardto... 

Dueto... 

e.g.:

Asthevarianceofobjectshapeandcolorwithinanobjectclasscanbelarge,itisverydifficulttoobtainclass-specificfeaturesthatcandescribetheobjectclassaccurately.

就这点而言，……

Inthisregard,...

一方面来说，……，另一方面来说，……

Ontheonehand,...,ontheotherhand,... 

这极大的降低了……的难度

Thisgreatlyreducesthedifficultyof...

这个算法可以应用于……

Thesealgorithmmaybeapplicableto...

……是不太可能的

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……（偏向于）将……认为是

...ispronetojudge...as...

...view....as...

……可以解决……问题

...isthesolutionto...

跟……相比较，……

Comparedto... 

这篇文章接下来的内容安排如下

Theremainderofthispaperisorganizedasfollows:

  （introduces,details,extends...toaddress...,presentstheresults,concludesourpaper）

前面已经提到，……

Asmentionedbefore,... 

换句话来说，……

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自然而然地，……

Itisnatural,...

e.g.Itisnaturalthatthisthresholdbechosenasthemeanofpi.

图示

...isoutlinedinFig.2. 

Fig.4shows...

通过……方法，可以得到……

Bydoingsth,wehavesth. 

e.g.ByiterationoverallselectedimagesandmatchingvisualwordstoalldetectedobjectpartsusingNGC,wehaveatableofthespatialralationbetweenpairsofvisualwords.

由于……极大地依赖于……，有必要……

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这就说明了……

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本文的主旨在于……

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英语学术论文常用经典句型

Beginning

1.Inthispaper,wefocusontheneedfor

2.Thispaperproceedsasfollow.

3.Thestructureofthepaperisasfollows.

4.Inthispaper,weshallfirstbrieflyintroducefuzzysetsandrelatedconcepts

5.Tobeginwithwewillprovideabriefbackgroundonthe

Introduction

1.Thiswillbefollowedbyadescriptionofthefuzzynatureoftheproblemandadetailedpresentationofhowtherequiredmembershipfunctionsaredefined.

2.Detailsonxxandxxarediscussedinlatersections.

3.Inthenextsection,afterastatementofthebasicproblem,varioussituationsinvolvingpossibilityknowledgeareinvestigated:

first,anentirelypossibilitymodelisproposed;thenthecasesofafuzzyservicetimewithstochasticarrivalsandnonfuzzyserviceruleisstudied;lastly,fuzzyserviceruleareconsidered.

Review

1.Thisreviewisfollowedbyanintroduction.

2.AbriefsummaryofsomeoftherelevantconceptsinxxxandxxxispresentedinSection2.

3.Inthenextsection,abriefreviewofthe....isgiven.

4.Inthenextsection,ashortreviewof...isgivenwithspecialregardto...

5.Section2reviewsrelevantresearchrelatedtoxx.

6.Section1.1brieflysurveysthemotivationforamethodologyofaction,while1.2looksatthedifficultiesposedbythecomplexityofsystemsandoutlinestheneedfordevelopmentofpossibilitymethods.

Body

1.Section1definesthenotionofrobustness,andarguesforitsimportance.

2.Section1devotedtothebasicaspectsoftheFLCdecisionmakinglogic.

3.Section2givesthebackgroundoftheproblemwhichincludesxxx

4.Section2discussessomeproblemswithandapproachesto,naturallanguageunderstanding.

5.Section2explainshowflexibilitywhichoften...canbeexpressedintermsoffuzzytimewindow

6.Section3discussestheaspectsoffuzzysettheorythatareusedinthe...

7.Section3describesthesystemitselfinageneralway,includingthe…..andalsodiscusseshowtoevaluatesystemperformance.

8.Section3describesanewmeasureofxx.

9.Section3demonstratestheuseoffuzzypossibilitytheoryintheanalysisofxx.

10.Section3isafinedescriptionoffuzzyformulationofhumandecision.

11.Section3,isdevelopedtothemodelingandprocessingoffuzzydecisionrules

12.ThemainideaoftheFLCisdescribedinSection3whileSection4describesthexxstrategies.

13.Section3and4showexperimentalstudiesforverifyingtheproposedmodel.

14.Section4discussesapreviousfuzzysetbasedapproachtocostvarianceinvestigation.

15.Section4givesaspecificexampleofxxx.

16.Section4istheexperimentalstudytomakeafuzzymodelofmemoryprocess.

17.Section4containsadiscussionoftheimplicationoftheresultsofSection2and3.

18.Section4appliesthisfuzzymeasuretotheanalysisofxxandillustrateitsuseonexperimentaldata.

19.Section5presentstheprimaryresultsofthepaper:

afuzzysetmodel..

20.Section5containssomeconclusionsplussomeideasforfurtherwork.

21.Section6illustratesthemodelwithanexample.

22.VariouswaysofjustificationandthereasonsfortheirchoicearediscussedverybrieflyinSection2.

23.InSection2arepresentedtheblockdiagramexpressionofawholemodelofhumanDMsystem

24.InSection2weshalllistacollectionofbasicassumptionswhicha...schememustsatisfy.

25.InSection2ofthispaper,wepresentrepresentationanduniquenesstheoremsforthefundamentalmeasurementoffuzzinesswhenthedomainofdiscourseisorderdense.

26.InSection3,wedescribethepreliminaryresultsofanempiricalstudycurrentlyinprogresstoverifythemeasurementmodelandtoconstructmembershipfunctions.

27.InSection5isanalyzedtheinferenceprocessthroughthetwokindsofinferenceexperiments...ThisSection

1.Inthissection,thecharacteristicsandenvironmentunderwhichMRPisdesignedaredescribed.

2.Wewillprovideinthissectionbasicterminologiesandnotationswhicharenecessaryfortheunderstandingofsubsequentresults.NextSection

2.Thenextsectiondescribesthemathematicsthatgoesintothecomputerimplementationofsuchfuzzylogicstatements.

3.However,itiscumbersomeforthispurposeandinpracticalapplicationstheformulaewererearrangedandsimplifiedasdiscussedinthenextsection.

4.Thethreecomponentswillbedescribedinthenexttwosection,andanexampleofxxanalysisofacomputerinformationsystemwillthenillustratetheiruse.

5.WecaninterprettheresultsofExperimentsIandIIasinthefollowingsections.

6.Thenextsectionsummarizesthemethodinafromthatisusefulforargumentsbasedonxx

Summary

1.Thispaperconcludeswithadiscussionoffutureresearchconsiderationinsection5.

2.Section5summarizestheresultsofthisinvestigation.

3.Section5givestheconclusionsandfuturedirectionsofresearch.

4.Section7providesasummaryandadiscussionofsomeextensionsofthepaper.

5.Finally,conclusionsandfutureworkaresummarized

6.Thebasicquestionsposedabovearethendiscussedandconclusionsaredrawn.

7.Section7istheconclusionofthepaper.

Chapter0.Abstract

1.Abasicprobleminthedesignofxxispresentedbythechoiceofaxxrateforthemeasurementofexperimentalvariables.

2.Thispaperexaminesanewmeasureofxxinxxbasedonfuzzymathematicswhichovercomesthedifficultiesfoundinotherxxmeasures.

3.Thispaperdescribesasystemfortheanalysisofthexx.

4.Themethodinvolvestheconstructionofxxfromfuzzyrelations.

5.Theprocedureisusefulinanalyzinghowgroupsreachadecision.

6.Thetechniqueusedistoemployanewlydevelopedandversatilexxalgorithm.

7.Theusefulnessofxxisalsoconsidered.

8.Abriefmethodologyusedinxxisdiscussed.

9.Theanalysisisusefulinxxandxxproblem.

10.Amodelisdevelopedforaxxanalysisusingfuzzymatrices.

11.Algorithmstocombinetheseestimatesandproduceaxxarepresentedandjustified.

12.Theuseofthemethodisdiscussedandanexampleisgiven.

13.Resultsofanexperimentalapplicationsofthisxxanalysisprocedurearegiventoillustratetheproposedtechnique.

14.Thispaperanalysesproblemsin

15.Thispaperoutlinesthefunctionscarriedoutby...

16.Thispaperincludesanillustrationofthe...

17.Thispaperprovidesanoverviewandinformationusefulforapproaching

18.Emphasisisplacedontheconstructionofacriterionfunctionbywhichthexxinachievingahierarchicalsystemofobjectivesareevaluated.

19.Themainemphasisisplacedontheproblemofxx

20.Ourproposedmodelisverifiedthroughexperimentalstudy.

21.Theexperimentalresultsrevealinterestingexamplesoffuzzyphasesof:

xx,xx

22.Thecompatibilityofaprojectintermsofcost,andxxarelikewiserepresentedbylinguisticvariables.

23.Adidacticexampleisincludedtoillustratethecomputationalprocedure

Chapter1.Introduction

Time

1.Overthecourseofthepast30years,..hasemergedformintuitive

2.Technologicalrevolutionshaverecentlyhittheindustrialworld

3.Theadventof...systemsforhashadasignificantimpactonthe

4.Thedevelopmentof...isexplored

5.Duringthepastdecade,thetheoryoffuzzysetshasdevelopedinavarietyofdirections

6.Theconceptofxxwasinvestigatedquiteintensivelyinrecentyears

7.Therehasbeenaturningpointin...methodologyinaccordancewiththeadventof...

8.Amajorconcernin...todayistocontinuetoimprove...

9.Axxisalatecomerinthepartrepresentationarena.

10.Atthetimeofthiswriting,thereisstillnostandardwayofxx

11.Althoughalotofeffortisbeingspentonimprovingtheseweaknesses,th