全国硕士研究生入学考试英语一真题.docx

全国硕士研究生入学考试英语一真题.docx

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全国硕士研究生入学考试英语一真题

2016年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语一真题及答案SectionIUseofEnglish

Section1UseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmark[A],[B],[C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1.（10points）

      InCambodia,thechoiceofaspouseisacomplexonefortheyoungmale.Itmayinvolvenotonlyhisparentsandhisfriends,__1__thoseoftheyoungwoman,butalsoamatchmaker.Ayoungmancan__2__alikelyspouseonhisownandthenaskhisparentsto__3__themarriagenegotiations,ortheyoungman’sparentsmaytakethechoiceofaspouse,givingthechildlittletosayintheselection.__4__,agirlmayvetothespouseherparentshavechosen.__5__aspousehasbeenselected,eachfamilyinvestigatestheothertomakesureitschildismarrying__6__agoodfamily.

      Thetraditionalweddingisalongandcolorfulaffair.Formerlyitlastedthreedays,__7__1980sitmorecommonlylastedadayandahalf.Buddhistpriestsofferashortsermonand__8__prayersofblessing.Par--tsoftheceremonyinvolveritualhaircutting,__9__cottonthreadssoakedinholywateraroundthebride'sandgroom'swrists,and__10__acandlearoundacircleofhappilymarriedandrespectedcouplestobless the__11__. Newlywedstraditionallymoveinwiththewife'sparentsandmay__12__withthemuptoayear,__13__theycanbuildanewhousenearby.

      Divorceislegalandeasyto__14__,butnotcommon.Divorcedpersonsare__15__withsomedisapproval.Eachspouseretains___16___propertyheorshe__17__intothemarriage,andjointly-acquiredpropertyis__18__equally.Divorcedpersonsmayremarry,butagenderprejudice__19__up. Thedivorcedmaledoesn'thaveawaitingperiodbeforehecanremarry__20__thewomanmustwaittenmonths.

1.   A.bywayof              B.withregardto              C.onbehalfof           D.aswellas

2.   A.decideon               B.providefor            C.competewith         D.adaptto

3.   A.close               B.arrange                 C.renew                    D.postpone

4.   A.Intheory       B.Aboveall              C.Intime                  D.Forexample

5.   A.Unless            B.Less                       C.After                            D.Although

6.   A.into                B.within                   C.from                     D.through

7.   A.or                   B.since                     C.but                        D.so

8.   A.test                 B.copy                     C.recite                         D.create

9.   A.folding           B.piling                    C.wrapping                     D.tying

10.A.passing           B.lighting                 C.hiding                   D.serving

11.A.association      B.meeting                 C.collection              D.union

12.A.deal                B.part                     C.grow                            D.live

13.A.whereas          B.until                     C.for                        D.if

14.A.avoid                     B.follow                    C.challenge              D.obtain

15.A.isolated          B.persuaded            C.viewed                   D.exposed

16.A.wherever       B.whatever              C.whenever              D.however

17.A.changed         B.brought                 C.shaped                  D.pushed

18.A.invested          B.divided                  C.donated                 D.withdrawn

19.A.warms            B.clears                     C.shows                    D.breaks

20.A.while                     B.sothat                   C.once                     D.inthat

SectionⅡReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions：

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsaftereachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.（40points）

Text1

   France，whichpridesitselfastheglobalinnovatoroffashion,hasdecideditsfashionindustryhaslostanabsoluterighttodefinephysicalbeautyforwomen.Itslawmakersgavepreliminaryapprovallastweektoalawthatwouldmakeitacrimetoemployultra-thinmodelsonrunways.Theparliamentalsoagreedtobanwebsitesthat“inciteexcessivethinness”bypromotingextremedieting.

   Suchmeasureshaveacoupleofupliftingmotives.Theysuggestbeautyshouldnotbedefinedbylooksthatendupimpingingonhealth.That’sastart.Andthebanonultra-thinmodelsseemstogobeyondprotectingmodelsfromstarvingthemselvestodeath–assomehavedone.Ittellsthefashionindustrythatitmusttakeresponsibilityforthesignalitsendswomen,especiallyteenagegirls,aboutthesocialtape-measuretheymustusetodeterminetheirindividualworth.

   Thebans,iffullyenforced,wouldsuggesttowomen（andmanymen）thattheyshouldnotletothersbearbitersoftheirbeauty.Andperhapsfaintly,theyhintthatpeopleshouldlooktointangiblequalitieslikecharacterandintellectratherthandietingtheirwaytosizezeroorwasp-waistphysiques.

   TheFrenchmeasures,however,relytoomuchonseverepunishmenttochangeaculturethatstillregardsbeautyasskin-deep-andbone-showing.Underthelaw,usingafashionmodelthatdoesnotmeetagovernment-definedindexofbodymasscouldresultina$85,000fineandsixmonthsinprison.

   Thefashionindustryknowsithasaninherentprobleminfocusingonmaterialadornmentandidealizedbodytypes.InDenmark,theUnitedStates,andafewothercountries,itistryingtosetvoluntarystandardsformodelsandfashionimagesthatrelymoreonpeerpressureforenforcement.

IncontrasttoFrance’sactions,Denmark’sfashionindustryagreedlastmonthonrulesandsanctionsregardingtheage,health,andothercharacteristicsofmodels.ThenewlyrevisedDanishFashionEthicalCharterclearlystates:

”Weareawareofandtakeresponsibilityfortheimpactthefashionindustryhasonbodyideals,especiallyonyoungpeople”.Thecharter’smaintoolofenforcementistodenyaccessfordesignersandmodelingagenciestoCopenhagenFashionWeek（CFW）,whichisrunbytheDanishFashionInstitute.Butingeneralitreliesonaname-and-shamemethodofcompliance.

Relyingonethicalpersuasionratherthanlawtoaddressthemisuseofbodyidealsmaybethebeststep.Evenbetterwouldbetohelpelevatenotionsofbeautybeyondthematerialstandardsofaparticularindustry.  

21.Accordingtothefirstparagraph，whatwouldhappeninFrance?

【A】Physicalbeautywouldberedefined.

【B】Newrunwayswouldbeconstructed.

【C】Websitesaboutdietingwouldthrive.

【D】Thefashionindustrywoulddecline.

22.Thephrase“impingingon”（Line2，Para.2）isclosestinmeaningto

【A】heighteningthevalueof

【B】indicatingthestateof

【C】losingfaithin

【D】doingharmto

23.Whichofthefollowingistrueofthefashionindustry？

【A】TheFrenchmeasureshavealreadyfailed.

【B】NewstandardsarebeingsetinDenmark.

【C】Modelsarenolongerunderpeerpressure.

【D】Itsinherentproblemsaregettingworse.

24.AdesignerismostlikelytoberejectedbyCFWfor

【A】pursuingperfectphysicalconditions

【B】caringtoomuchaboutmodel’scharacter.

【C】showinglittleconcernforhealthfactors

【D】settingahighagethresholdformodels.

25.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleofthetext?

【A】AChallengetotheFashionIndustry’sBodyIdeals

【B】ADilemmafortheStarvingmodelsinFrance

【C】JustAnotherRoundofStruggleforBeauty

【D】TheGreatThreatstotheFashionIndustry

Text2

   Forthefirsttimeinhistorymorepeopleliveintownsthaninthecountry.InBritainthishashadacuriousresult.WhilepollsshowBritonsrate”thecountryside”alongsidetheroyalfamily,ShakespeareandtheNationalHealthSerivce（NHS）aswhatmakesthemproudestoftheircountry,thishaslimitedpoliticalsupport.

  AcenturyagoOctaviaHillLaunchedtheNationalTrustnottorescuestylishhousesbuttosave“thebeautyofnaturalplacesforeveryoneforever”. Itwasspecificallytoprovidecitydwellerswithspacesforleisurewheretheycouldexperience“arefreshingair.”Hill’spressurelaterledtocreationofnationalparksandgreenbelts.Theydon’tmakecountrysideanymore，andeveryyearconcreteconsumesmoreofit.Itneedsconstantguardianship.

  Atthenextelectionnoneofthebigpartiesseemlikelytoendorsethissentiment.Theconservatives’planningreformexplicitlygivesruraldevelopmentpriorityoverconservation，evenauthorising“off-plan”buildingwherelocalpeoplemightobject.Theconceptofsustainabledevelopmenthasbeendefinedasprofitable.Labourlikewisewantstodiscontinuelocalplanningwherecouncilsopposedevelopment.TheLiberalDemocratsaresilent.OnlyUkip,sensingitschance,hassidedwiththosepleadingforamoreconsideredapproachtousinggreenland.ItsCampaigntoProtectRuralEnglandstruckterrorintomanylocalconservativeparties.

Thesensibleplacetobuildnewhouses，factoriesandofficesiswherepeopleare，incitiesandtownswhereinfrastructureisinplace.TheLondonagentsStirlingAckroydrecentlyidentifiedenoughsitesforhalfamillionhousesintheLondonareaalone，withnointrusionongreenbelt.WhatistrueofLondoniseventrueroftheprovinces.

Theideathat”housingcrisis”equals“concretedmeadows”ispurelobbytalk.Theissueisnottheneedformorehousesbut,asalways，wheretoputthem.Underlobbypressure，GeorgeOsbornefavoursruralnew-buildagainsturbanrenovationandrenewal.Hefavoursout-of-townshoppingsitesagainsthighstreets.Thisisnotafreemarketbutabiasedone.Ruraltownsandvillageshavegrownandwillalwaysgrow.Theydosobestwherebuildingstickstotheiredgesandrespectstheircharacter.WedonotruinurbanDevelopmentshouldbeplanned,notletrip.AftertheNetherla