GPS实时监控系统中英文对照外文翻译文献.docx

GPS实时监控系统中英文对照外文翻译文献.docx

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GPS实时监控系统中英文对照外文翻译文献

中英文资料对照外文翻译

附录

GPSReal-TimeSupervisorySystemandApplicationintheConstructionofFaceRockfillDam

ABSTRACT

Accordingtothequalitycontrolneedsoffillingconstructionofthefacerockfilldam,bymeansoftheglobalsatellitepositioningtechnology,thewirelessdatacommunicationtechnology,thecomputertechnologyandthedataprocessingandanalysistechnology,andintegratingwiththerollercompactionmachine,theGPSreal-timesupervisorysystemisdevelopedinthispaper.Itcanbeusedtoreal-timelysupervisetheconstructionqualityoftherollercompactionforfillingengineering.

ThecompositionandappliedcharacteristicsofGPSsystem,andthekeytechniqueproblemandsolutionofthedesignarediscussed.TheheightaccuracyofGPSsystemisanalyzedandthepreliminaryapplicationisintroduced.

KEYWORDS：

GPS;fillingconstruction;qualitycontrol;integratedsystem;facerockfilldam

Introduction

Atpresent,inthequalitymanagementoffillingconstructionofthefacerockfilldam，thequalitycontrolmethodof“dualcontrols”ismainlyadopted,ofwhichoneismanuallycontrolingtheparametersofrollercompactionincludingthicknessandroughnessoffillinglayerandrolledtimesandrolledspeedofcompactionmachines,theotherisinspectingthetestholesamplingmanuallyinthearea.Themethodplayapositiveroleinpromotingdomesticdevelopmentofconcretefacedrockfilldam.However,thetraditionalmanualmanagementmechanismcan＇tmeetthedemandsofmo-dernmechanizedconstructionandscheduleanymore,withincreasingofscaleofcon-cretefacerockfilldam.ConcretefacedrockfilldamofShuibuyaprojectinQingjiangRiverofHubeiProvince,China,rankingfirstindamheightofthesametypeintheworld,isashighas233m.Theprojecthasatotalfillingvolumeof1.6×107m3andmorethan6×105m3forpeakfillingvolumeofasinglemonth,sodemandsmuchmoretocontrolthequalityoffillingconstructionofthedam.Forthesakeofsupervise-ingthefillingconstructionqualityquicklyintime,itisveryimportanttodevelopasupervisorysystemoftheconstructionqualityoftherollercompactionforfill-ingengineering,whichhascharacteristicsofreal-time,continuity,automationandhighprecision.Thesupervisorysystemhasagreatmeaningforimprovingtheconst-ructionqualityofShuibuyaproject.

Asabrand-newtechnologyofmodernspatialsatellitesnavigationandposition-ingsystem,GPShasgraduallyreplacedthenormalopticalandelectricalsurveyingequipmentinmoreandmorefields.Since1980s,especiallyafter1990s,GPStechno-logyhasleadthespatialpositioningtechnology,combiningwithmoderncommuni-cationtechnology，toarevolutionarychange.Themethodforsimultaneouslydeterm-ineingthreedimensionalcoordinatesbyGPShaschangedthetraditionalpositioningtechnologyfromlandwithinshoretoentireoceanandouterspace,fromstaticstokinematics,frompointpositioningtonetworkdifference,fromafterwardsprocessingtoreal-timepositioningandnavigation,andabsoluteandrelativepositioningprécisi-oncomingtometerlevel,centimeterlevel,evensubmillimeterlevel,therefore,expandsthefieldsofapplicationandeffectineverywalkoflife.Thefastdevelopmentandimprovementofmoderndatacommunicationtechnology,computertechnology,electricaltechnologyandthespatialpositioningtechnologyonbehalfofGPSmakesupervisionofhighprecisionreal-timecontinuityandautomationfeasible.

Accordingtotherequirementsofconstructionqualitymanagementforrollercompactioninfillingengineering,bymeansoftheglobalsatellitepositioningtechnology,thewirelessdatacommunicationtechnology,thecomputertechnologyandthedataprocessingandanalysistechnology,andintegratingwiththerollercomp-actionmachine,in2004WuhanUniversityandQingjiangHydroelectricDevelop-mentCorp.Ltd.Jointlydevelopedareal-timesupervisorysystemsuitableforthequalitymanagementneedsofrollercompact-ioninfillingengineering,i.e.real-timesupervisorysystemoffillingconstructionquality（GPSsystemforshortafterwards）.Thesystemhascomprehensivefunctionsofreal-time,highprecision,continuity,automationetc.,socanbeappliedtoreal-timesupervisingconstruct-ionqualityoffillingcompactionfordam,road,protectiondike,airportetc.andbecomesaneffectiveassistantofensuringtheconstructionqualityforproject.Combiningwithengineeringneedsandsystemcharacteristics,thecomposition,keytechniquesandschemesofthesystemarediscussedinthispaper.Theheightaccuracyofthesystemisanalyzedandthepreliminaryapplicationisintroduced.

1CompositionandcharacteristicsofGPSReal-timesupervisorysystem

1.1Compositionofthesystem

Hardwareunitofthesystemmainlyincludes3partsasfollows:

1）ReceivingsystemofGPSsatellitesignals;

2）Wirelessnetworkdatacommunicationsystem;

3）Computersystem.

Fig.1Illustrationofthesystemnetworkstructure

Accordingtotherequirementsofcompactionforfillingandram-mingengineeringandconstructionqualitymanagementtosystem,thesystemiscomposedofsupervisorycenter,networkrelaystation,localesub-controlstation,GPSreferencestationandmobileterminals（includingrollercompactionmachinesandqualitysupervisorwork-ingvehicle）,regardingtheeffectofwirelesscommunicationfromtopographicenvironment.Fig.1istheillustrationofconstructionqualitysupervisorysystemforfillingcompactionproject.Ifthetopographicenvironmentisgoodandthedistancebetweenthefillingconstructionon-the-spotandthesystemsupervisorycenterisnotlong,thenetworkrelaystationcanberemoved.

1.1.1Supervisorycenter

Supervisorycenteristheheartofthesystem,wherethedifferentialdataofGPSreferencestationareemittedtotheGPSmobilestations,andatthesametime,receiv-esthepositioninformationfedbackbythemobilestationscontinuouslyandreal-timelythroughwirelessdatacommunication.Combiningtheneedsofconstruction,electronicdisplayscreenequippedinthesupervisorycentercanreal-timelydisplaytheaccuratemovinglocationandstatusinformationoftherollercompactionmachin-esaswellasthequalitysupervisorworkingvehicleforcompactionplanesofthedam,remotelymonitorthestateofcompactionqualityoffillingengineering,andofferleadersthebasisofdecision.Theprocessing,analysis,storageofthesystemdataandsoonarecarriedoutinthesupervisorycenter.

1.1.2Localesub-supervisorystation

Localesub-supervisorystationistheextensionofthesystemcontrolcenter,andprovidesconvenienceforlocalesupervisor.Byaccessinginformationofthesystemsupervisorycenter,thesupervisorcanmasterthestatusofengineeringconstructionandtheconstructionqualityintimejustintheconstructionlocalesupervisorroom.Oncequalitydeviationappears,thesupervisorcantacklewiththeconstructionsideontheconstructionlocale,remindingtheconstructorsandaskingthemforrectifying.

1.1.3GPSreferencestation

GPSreferencestationissetforincreasingthesupervisoryprecisionofthesystembymeansofDGPStechnology.WesetaGPSreceiveronaknownsiteasareferencestationandcarryoutGPSobservation,thenemittheGPSobservationdataandknownlocationinformationofthereferencestationreal-timelytotheGPSmobilestations,andprocessthedataalongwithmobilestations'GPSobservationdatabymeansofdiferentialprocessingofcarrierphases,consequen-tlycalculatethespatiallocationinformationofthemobilestations,whosepositioningprecisioncanincrease.ThemethodaboveisnamedDGPStechnol-ogy.Ingeneral,GPSreferencestationshouldbesetupinthesupervisorycenterforthesakeofconvenientsupportingpow-er,managementandmaintenance.Toensurethesupervisoryprecision,itisstressedthatthedistancebetweentheGPSreferencestationandtheconstructionareamustbelessthan5-6km,andthedistancecontrollingrequirementcanbesatisfiedinpractice.

1.1.4Mobileterminal

Mobileterminalincludessystem-requiringequipmentsinstalledintheprojectsupervisorycarandrollercompactionmachines.

1）Mobileterminalinstalledintherollercompactionmachine

Amobileterminalinstalledinarollercompactionmachineismainlycomposedofanintegratedsystemunit,aGPSreceiverantennaandawirelesscommunicationantenna.Thesystemunitintegratesmainequipmentsofindustrialplatformcomputer,GPSreceiver,wirelesscommunicationandsoon.Mobileterminalismobilesuper-visoryequipmentlikeGPSmovingstation,andcarriesoutGPSmobileobservation.Itscontrolitemsmainlyincludetherolledtrack,rolledspeed,androlledtimesoftherollercompactionmachines.Mobileterminalsfeedbacktheeffectiveobservationresulttothesupervisorycentercontinuouslyandreal-timely.Meanwhile,theplatformcomputerreflectstheworkstatusoftherollercompactionmachinereal-timely,bymeansoffiguresandtablesinthesystemunitofdriver＇scaboftherollercompactionmachine.Theoperatoroftherollercompactionmachinecancheckoutwhetherhisorherworkmeetsthequalityrequirementonthedisplayscreen.

2）Mobileterminalinstalledintheprojectsupervisorycar

Projectsupervisorycaristheworkingvehicleforconstructionqualitysuper-visingthatisequippedexclusivelyfortheprojectsupervisors.Itsmaintasksarecarr-yingoutGPSmobileobservationandsupervisinglocalequality.Itsmainitemsofobservationarethethicknessvariationsofpavinglayerbeforeandafterthecompact-ion,supportingdataforcontrollingthepavingthicknessandroughnessoffilling