最全雅思流程图汇总.docx

最全雅思流程图汇总.docx

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最全雅思流程图汇总

Thediagramsbelowshowthestagesandequipmentusedinthe

concreteforbuildingpurposes.

features,andmakecomparsonswherereleant.

Thefirstdiagramindicatesthestagesandequipmentintheprocessofmakingcement,andthesecondoneillustrateshowcementandothermaterialsaremixedtoproduceconcreteforbuildingpurposes.

CementproductioninvoIvesthefollowingsteps.Thefirststepistoputlimestoneandclayontwodifferentconveyors.Then,thesetwotypesof

materialsarepressedintothecrusherwhichbreaksthemintopowder.Afterthat,thepowderispouredintoamixer,andthenmixturesaretransmittedintoarotatingheaterwhichworkswithheat.Thefollowingstepisthatabandcarrierleadstheheatedpowdertoagrinderwherethecementcomesout.Finally,cementispackedintobags,andtheprocessisfinished.

Concreteproductionismuchmoresimple.Fourdifferentkindsofmaterialsareneededindifferentproportion.Gravelaccountsforthelargestpart,at50%,followedbysand,whichis25%.Cementandwatercontributes15%and10%respectively.Thefourmaterialsarethenmixedandpouredintoaconcretemixerandafteraperiodofwhirling,concreteisproduced.

Inconclusion,makingcementhasmorecomplexprocessthanmakingconcretethoughconcreteneedsmorematerialsthancement.

Thediagramsbelowshowthelifecycleofthesilkwormandthestagesintheproductionofsilkcloth.

Summarisetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeatures,andmakecomparisonswhererelevant.

4'6weeks

Siikinr^fi

muiDorryHraf

llaCMSj

dayS

tarwfi

e-CKDDn

molh

3-fldays

Select

Boil

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Weave

Pr*du*t<^ri61Cifkcloth

water

3Ca-9C0m—thread

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Thefirstdiagramshowsthattherearefourmainstagesinthelifeofthesilkworm.Firstofall,eggsareproducedbythemothandittakestendaysforeacheggtobecomeasilkwormlarvathatfeedsonmulberryleaves.Thisstagelastsforuptosixweeksuntilthelarvaproducesacocoonofsilkthreadarounditself.Afteraperiodofaboutthreeweeks,theadultmothseventuallyemergefromthesecocoonsandthelifecyclebeginsagain.

Thecocoonsaretherawmaterialusedfortheproductonofsilkcloth.

Onceselected,theyareboiledinwaterandthethreadscanbeseparatedintheunwindingstage.Eachthreadisbetween300and900metreslong,whichmeanstheycanbetwistedtogether,dyedandthenusedtoproduceclothintheweavingstage.

Overall,thediagramsshowthatthecocoonstageofthesilkwormcanbeusedtoproducesilkcloththroughaverysimpleprocess.

Theflowchartbelowshowshowchewinggumismade.

Summarisetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthe

Thediagramshowshowchewing

gumisproduced.

Firstlythe

mainfeaturesandmakecomparisonswhererelevant.

ingredientsofgumareputintoacontainerandwasheateduntiltheyformasinglemass.Thisisthenstraineduntilalloftheliquidhasbeeneliminated.Next,thegumispassedintoanothercontainer/placeandthe

desiredflavorings,sweetenersandsoftenersareaddedThismixtureisblendeduntilalloftheingredientsaremixedtogether.Thegumthentravels/passestoadifferentmachinewhichusesrollerstoflattenoutthegum.Finallythethinsheetsofgumarecutintorectangularshapesand

brokenintoseparatepiecesthenthegumpasses/travelsalongaconveyorbeltwhereitisenclosedinpackagingreadyfordistribution.

四

Thediagrambelowshowshowfruitiscanned.

Summarisetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeaturesandmakecomparisonswhererelevant.

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J*醇科

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Thediagramshowstheprocessofcanningfreshfruit.Firstthefruitispickedfromtreesbyhand.Itisthentransportedtothecannerybylargetrucks.Atthecannerythefruitiswashedandqualitychecked,andanypoorqualityfruitisrejected.Thegoodqualityfruitisputintocoldstorage.Whenitisreadyforcanningthefruitisweighedandgraded.

Thegradingensuresthatfruitofasimilarsizeiskepttogether.Afterthisthefruitispeeledandthecoresareremoved.Itisthenslicedintotherequiredsizesandputintocans.Juiceorsyrupisalsoaddedtothecans.

Oncethecanshavebeenfilled,theyaresealedandcookedoverheatto

ensurethatthecansaresterilized.Whenthecansarecool,labelsareattachedandtheyareplacedintostorages.Thecannedfruitisnowreadytobedespatchedtosupermarketsandsold.

五

Thediagrambelowshowstheprocessofmakingchocolate.

Summarisetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeaturesandmakecomparisonswhererelevant.

Chocolate'svariedflavours,colours,shapesandtexturesresultfromdifferentrecipetraditions.Whichhaveevolvedindifferentpartsoftheworld.Theessentialingredientinallchocolateiscocoa,whichismadefromthecream-colouredbeansthatgrowinpodsonthecacaotree.Thecacaotree,whichgrowsinequatorialregionssuchasSouthAmerica,AfricaandIndonesiaproducesafruitaboutthesizeofasmallpineapple,Insidewhicharethetree'sseeds.

Afterharvesting,thecocoabeansarcremovedfromthepodsandpiledinheapsthatareleftforseveraldaystodry.Thedriedbeansarethentransportedtofactorieswheretheyaresortedandroasted.Theshellsarethenremovedandthebeansaregroundintochocolateliquor-athickbrownliquidwhichformsasolidataboutroomtemperature.Thisliquorcontainsahighpercentageoffat（cocoabutter）,whichisremovedbyusingpresses.Thesolidblockofcocoathatremainsisthenmadeintoapowderwhichcanbeusedtomakeahotchocolatedrink,orismixedbackwithsomeofthecocoabutter,sugarandotherflavoursuchasvanillatomakethedifferentkindsofchocolate.

六

Thediagrambelowshowstheprocessbywhichbricksaremanufacturedforthebuildingindustry.

Summarisetheinformation

byselectingandreportingthemain

twjck*i

mmtdB

sand*屮执灯

X

dryingo^an

features,andmakecomparisonswhererelevant.

Rrick

Vlay:

typeofyiickyc-anli（hniisusedfornuikia^bricks.pDls.cic.

Theprocessbywhichbricksaremanufacturedforthebuildingindustrycanbeoutlinedinsevenconsecutivesteps.

Firsttherawmaterial,clay,whichliesjustbelowthesurfaceofsoilincertainclay-richareashastobedugupbyadigger.

Thenthelumpsofclayareplacedonametalgrid,inordertobreakupthebigchunksofclayintomuchsmallerones,whichfallthroughthe

metalgridontoaroller,whosemotionfurthersegregatesthebitsofclay.Sandandwaterareaddedtomakeahomogenousmixture,whichistheneitherformedinmouldsorcutintobrick-shapedpiecesbymeansofawirecutter.

Thesefreshbricksarethenkeptinadryingovenforatleast24andamaximumof48hours,severaldozensifnothundredsofbricksatatime.Thedriedbricksarethentransferredtoaalso-calledkiln,anothertypeofhightemperatureof200°C-980°C,thenatahightemperatureof870

1300C.Thisprocessisfollowedbycoolingdownthefinishedbricksfor48to72hoursinacoolingchamber.

Oncethebrickshavebeencooleddownandhavebecomehard,theygetpackagedanddeliveredtotheirfinaldestination,beitabuildingsiteorstorage.

七

Thediagramsbelowshowtheprocessofhowuraniumisusedintheproductionofnuclearpower.

C-

main

Summarisetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthefeaturesandmakecomparisonswhererelevant.

Step1:

Uranium借rnnedhomttieearth

■■

Seep6:

Finally,spentLeiUiataarin&tbe怯巾祐”c&ssed15storedinstair>治黠和冒日andbur«dinUteeartti

Step3:

Uraniumfuel（U・235）i34亡□innusiearp&^&rSetonsTOdei^ruploTbiiionfc-/.*hofetectricityperalationperyear

StepS'SorreSp&ntfu-elisreprocesseaandth-enreusedintigrue：

e^rpowerstatic

Step2:

Lirariumore店con-■^rttdinto

Il>en^nnehed彷rrako3235t^lpellets

Step4：

Spentfbelis:

akenjfterabout^yearaolus-学and!

h&nysred

Thisdiagramdescribeshowuraniumismined,processed,usedandthendiscarded.

Uraniumisfoundunderthegroundandsoitmustbemined.Oncethe

mineduraniumhasbeenextracted,itistakentoaprocessingcentre.

Heretheuraniumisconvertedintoaformthatcanbeusedasafuelina

nuclearpowerstation.Todothis,theuraniumischangedintoagasand

enrichedbeforeitisreformedasU-235fuelpellets.

Thefuelpelletsarethenusedinnuclearpowerstationstoprovideupto

7billionkilowattsofelectricityfromjustonestation.Afterthefuelhasbeenusedforaboutfouryearsitisremovedfromthepowerstationand

stored.Someoftheusedfuelcanbere-processedandre-usedinapowerstationtoproducemoreelectricity.

Finally,oldstoredfuelthatcannotbere-processedisputintostainiesssteelcontainersandthenburieddeepintheground.

八

Theillustrationsbelowshowhowchocolateisproduced.

main

Summarisetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthe

QtMT圖悟皿询暇Mtmqi-ed

features.

Thediagramshowsthestagesintheprocessofmakingchocolate.

Chocolatecomesfromthecacaotree,whichisgrowninpartsofSouth

America,AfricaandIndonesia.Thetreeproduceslargeredpodswhichcontainwhitecocoabeans.Firstly,whenthepodsareripe,theyareharvested.Thebeansareremovedandtheyarefermentedforseveraldaysinlargewoodenboxes.Duringthefermentingprocess,thebeansturnbrown.

Next,thebrownbeansarespreadinthesuntodry.Theyarethenputinlargesacksandtransportedbytrainorlorry.Afterthis,thebeansaretakentoachocolatefactorywheretheyareroastedinanovenattemperaturesofbetween250and350de