人教版高中英语选修九课文word文档.docx

人教版高中英语选修九课文word文档.docx

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人教版高中英语选修九课文word文档

选修9Unit1Breakingrecords-Reading

"THEROADISALWAYSAHEADOFYOU"

AshritaFurmanisasportsmanwholikesthechallengeofbreakingGuinnessrecords.Overthelast25years,hehasbrokenapproximately93Guinnessrecords.Morethantwentyofthesehestillholds,includingtherecordforhavingthemostrecords.Buttheserecordsarenotmadeinanyconventionalsportlikeswimmingorsoccer.RatherAshritaattemptstobreakrecordsinveryimaginativeeventsandinveryinterestingplaces.

Recently,Ashritaachievedhisdreamofbreakingarecordinallsevencontinents,includinghulahoopinginAustralia,pogostickjumpingunderwaterinSouthAmerica,andperformingdeepkneebendsinahotairballooninNorthAmerica.

Whiletheseactivitiesmightseemchildishandcauselaughterratherthanrespect,inrealitytheyrequireanenormousamountofstrengthandfitnessaswellasdetermination.

Thinkaboutthefineneckadjustmentsneededtokeepafullbottleofmilkonyourheadwhileyouarewalking.Youcanstoptorestoreatbutthebottlehastostayonyourhead.

WhileAshritamakesstandingontopofa75cmSwissballlookeasy,itisnot.Ittakesalotofconcentrationandagreatsenseofbalancetostayonit.Youhavetostruggletostayontopespeciallywhenyourlegsstartshaking.

Andwhataboutsomersaultingalongaroadfor12miles?

Somersaultingisatougheventasyouhavetoovercomedizziness,extremetirednessandpain.Youarepermittedtorestforonlyfiveminutesineveryhourofrollingbutyouareallowedtostopbrieflytovomit.

CoveringamileinthefastesttimewhiledoinggymnasticallycorrectlungesisyetanothereventinwhichAshritaisoutstanding.Lungesareextremelyhardonyourlegs.Youstartbystandingandthenyoustepforwardwiththefightfootwhiletouchingtheleftkneetotheground.Thenyoustandupagainandstepforwardwiththeleftfootwhiletouchingthefightkneetotheground.Imaginedoingthisforamile!

Yetthistalentedsportsmanisnotanaturalathlete.Asachildhewasveryunfitandwasnotatallinterestedinsports.However,hewasfascinatedbytheGuinnessBookofWorldRecords.

HowAshritacametobeasportsmanisaninterestingstory.Asateenager,hebegansearchingforadeepermeaninginlife.HestudiedEasternreligionsand,aged16,discoveredanIndianmeditationteachercalledSriChinmoywholivedinhisneighbourhoodinNewYorkCity.Sincethattimeintheearly1970s,AshritahasbeenoneofSriChinmoy'sstudents.SriChinmoysaysthatitisjustasimportantforpeopletodeveloptheirbodiesasitistodeveloptheirminds,heartsandspiritualselves.Hebelievesthatthereisnolimittopeople'sphysicalabilities.

WhenAshritacamethirdina24-hourbicyclemarathoninNewYork'sCentralParkin1978,heknewthathewouldonedaygetintotheGuinnessBookofWorldRecords.Hehadbeenurgedbyhisspiritualleadertoenterthemarathoneventhoughhehaddonenotraining.So,whenhewonthirdplace,hecametotheunderstandingthathisbodywasjustaninstrumentofthespiritandthatheseemedtobeabletousehisspirittoaccomplishanything.Fromthenon,Ashritarefusedtoacceptanyphysicallimitation.

Withthisnewconfidence,AsharitabrokehisfirstGuinnessrecordwith27,000jumpingjacksin1979.ThemotivationtokeeptryingtobreakrecordscomesthroughhisdevotiontoSriChinmoy.EverytimeAshritatriestobreakarecord,hereachesapointwherehefeelshecannotphysicallydoanymore.Atthatmoment,hegoesdeepwithinhimselfandconnectswithhissoulandhisteacher.

Ashritaalwaysacknowledgeshisteacherinhisrecord-breakingattempts.Infact,heoftenwearsaT-shirtwithSriChinmoy'swordsontheback.Thewordsare:

"Thereisonlyoneperfectroad.Itisaheadofyou,alwaysaheadofyou."

FOCUSON...

LanceArmstrong

DateofBirth:

8thSeptember,1971

Country:

USA

LanceArmstrong'sGuinnessrecordforthefastestaveragespeedattheTourdeFrancewassetin1999withanaveragespeedof40.27km/hr.Inhisteenshewasatriathletebutat16hebegantoconcentrateoncycling.Hewasanamateurcyclistbeforethe1992OlympicGamesbutturnedprofessionalafterhehadcompetedintheGames.Inthefollowingfewyears,hewonnumeroustitles,andby1996hehadbecometheworld'snumberone.However,inOctober1996,hediscoveredhehadcancerandhadtoleavecycling.Successfullyfightinghisillness,Armstrongofficiallyreturnedtoracingin1998.In1999hewontheTourdeFranceandin2003heachievedhisgoalofwinningfiveToursdeFrance.

MichellieJones

DateofBirth:

9thJune,1969

Country:

Australia

In1988MichellieJoneshelpedestablishthemulti-sportevent,thetriathlon,inAustralia.Aftercompletingherteachingqualificationsin1990,sheconcentratedonthetriathlon.In1991,shefinishedthirdattheworldchampionships.In1992and1993,shewastheInternationalTriathlonUnionWorldChampion.Sincethen,shehasneverfinishedlowerthanfourthinanyoftheworldchampionshipsshehascompetedin.AttheSydneyOlympicsin2000shewonthesilvermedalintheWomen'sTriathlon,thefirsttimetheeventhadbeenincludedintheOlympicGames.Recently,forthefirsttimein15years,Joneswasnotselectedaspartofthenationalteamandthereforedidnotcompeteinthe2004OlympicsinAthens.

FuMingxia

DateofBirth:

16thAugust,1978

Country:

China

FuMingxiafirststoodontopofthe10-metredivingplatformattheageofnine.At12yearsoldshewonaGuinnessRecordwhenshebecametheyoungestfemaletowinthewomen'sworldtitleforplatformdivingattheWorldChampionshipsinAustraliain1991.Atthe1992BarcelonaOlympicGames,shetookthegoldmedalinthewomen's10-metreplatform,becomingtheyoungestOlympicdivingchampionofalltime.Thiswasfollowedbygreatsuccessatthe1996AtlantaOlympicGameswhereshewongoldforboththe10-metreplatformandthethree-metrespringboard.ThismadeherthefirstwomaninOlympicdivinghistorytowinthreegoldmedals.SheretiredfromdivingafterAtlantaandwenttostudyeconomicsatuniversity.WhilethereshedecidedtomakeacomebackandwentontocompeteattheSydneyOlympicGames,whereshewonherfourthOlympicgold,againmakingOlympichistory.

MartinStrel

DateofBirth:

1stOctober,1954

Country:

Slovenia

Strelwastrainedasaguitaristbeforehebecameaprofessionalmarathonswimmerin1978.Hehasapassionforswimmingtheworld'sgreatrivers.In2000,hewasthefirstpersonevertoswimtheentirelengthoftheDanubeRiverinEurope-adistanceof3,004kilometresin58days.Forthis,heattainedhisfirstentryintheGuinnessBookofWorldRecords.Thenin2001hebroketheGuinnessrecordfornon-stopswimming-504.5kilometresintheDanubeRiverin84hoursand10minutes.MartinwonhisthirdentryintheGuinnessBookofWorldRecordsin2002whenhebeathisownrecordforlongdistanceswimmingbyswimmingthelengthoftheMississippiRiverinNorthAmericain68days,atotalof3,797kilometres.Thenin2003hebecamethefirstmantohaveswumthewhole1,929kilometresofthedifficultParanaRiverinSouthAmerica.In2004,StrelagainbrokehisownGuinnessrecordbyswimmingthelengthofthedangerousChangjiangRiver（4,600km）,thethirdlongestfiverintheworld.

选修9Unit2Sailingtheoceans-Reading

SRILINGTHEOCERNS

Wemaywellwonderhowseamenexploredtheoceansbeforelatitudeandlongitudemadeitpossibletoplotaship'spositiononamap.Thevoyagesoftravellersbeforethe17thcenturyshowthattheywerenotatthemercyoftheseaeventhoughtheydidnothavemodernnavigationalaids.Sohowdidtheynavigatesowell?

Readthesepagesfromanencyclopedia.

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UsingnaturetohelpKeepingalongsidethecoastline

Thisseemstohavebeenthefirstandmostusefulformofexplorationwhichcarriedtheminimumamountofrisk.

Usingcelestialbodies

NorthStar

AttheNorthPoletheNorthStarisatitshighestpositioninthesky,butattheequatoritisalongthehorizon.Soaccomplishednavigatorswereabletouseittoplottheirpositions.

Sun

Onacleardayespeciallyduringthesummerthesailorscouldusethesunoverheadatmiddaytonavigateby.Theycanusetheheightofthesuntoworkouttheirlatitude.

Clouds

Seacaptainsobservedthecloudsoverislands.Thereisaspecialcloudformationwhichindicatesthereislandcloseby.

Usingwildlife

Seaweed

Sailorsoftensawseaweedintheseaandcouldtellbythecolourandsmellhowlongithadbeenthem.Ifitwasfreshandsmelledstrongly,thentheshipwasclosetoland.

Birds

Seabirdscouldbeusedtoshowthewaytolandwhenitwasnowheretobeseen.Intheeveningnestingbirdsreturntolandandtheirnests.Soseamencouldfollowthebirdstolandeveniftheywereoffshoreandintheopensea.

Usingtheweather

Fog

Foggathersatseaaswellasoverstreamsorrivers.Seamenusedittohelpidentifythepositionofastreamorriverwhentheywereclosetoland.

Winds

Wiseseamenusedthewindstodirecttheirsailing.Theycouldacceleratethespeed,buttheycouldalsobedangerous.SotheVikingswouldobservethewindsbeforeandduringtheiroutwardorreturnjourneys.

Usingthesea

Certaintidesandcurrentscouldbeusedbyskillfulsailorstocarryshipstotheirdestination.Theseskillshelpedsailorsexploretheseasanddiscovernewlands.Theyincreasedtheirabilitytonavigatenewseaswhentheyusedinstruments.

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Usingnavigationalinstrumentstohelp

Findinglongitude

Therewasnosecuremethodofmeasuringlongitudeuntilthe17thcenturywhentheBritishsolvedthistheoreticalproblem.Nobodyknewthattheea