托福写作模板.docx
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托福写作模板
写作
独立写作模板
一、结构篇
1、开头
Sampleone(适用于有一些背景or有一个中心词而且编得出来那个quotation的所有情况(二选一,agreeordisagree,除了个别);
Oncontemporarysociety(一般的背景)/Withtheadventofthetechnologicallyadvancedsociety(theinformationexplosiveera(与科技有关的背景),XX(中心词)servesasacatalystforourfuturesuccess/XXissynonymouswithknowledgeandtheroadtosuccess/XXplaysanessential/increasinglyimportantrolein…/XXisenjoyinganincreasinglyhighpopularityamongpeople./很简单的一句背景,However,people(universities,government,citizen,society,government,)are/isinvariablyfacedwithsuchaquestion/can’thelpwondering:
改写题目1.Confucian(YuQiuyu,MarkTwain,WilliamShakespeare),(oneof)thegreatestandmostinfluentialChinesephilosophers(scholars,educators,writers,thinkers,statesmen),hasinsightfullycommented,“___编____”Iclingtoanunshakeablebeliefthathiscommentgivestheanswertothisquestion:
改写题目2.
Amongcountlessfactorswhichcontributetomypositionarefollowingconspicuousones(最后一定排比结尾,且如果字数够了这一句就不要).
要做的:
想一句简单的背景+编一句名言+改写两次题目
Sampletwo:
(如果sampleone的名言编不出来或者不适合编如leisuretime,就用下面的)
Oncontemporarysociety(一般的背景)/Withtheadventofthetechnologicallyadvancedsociety(theinformationexplosiveera(与科技有关的背景))/Onaccountof…,XX(中心词)servesasacatalystforourfuturesuccess/XXissynonymouswithknowledgeandtheroadtosuccess/XXplaysanessential/increasinglyimportantrolein…/XXisenjoyinganincreasinglyhighpopularityamongpeople./很简单的一句背景(如so…that…/notonly…butalso).However,whenitcomestothechoicebetweenAAandBB/Whenaskedaboutwhether改写题目1,peoplegetintoadilemma.Accordingtomypersonalityandexperiences/AsfarasIamconcerned/Frommyperspective,Iclingtoanunshakeablebeliefthat改写题目2.以下最后决定怎样写:
Amongcountlessfactorswhichcontributetomypositionarefollowingconspicuousones(最后一定排比结尾)/AAnotonly…butalso
(2)/TherearevariousmeritsAAbringsabout,firstofall,to…;secondly,to…;andlastly…(3).
要做的:
想一句简单的背景+改写两次题目+总起(最后写)
2、分点一:
分层论证
Basictoanyunderstandingofthebenefitswecangetfrom
_______isthat__________/Firstandforemost,
Ononehand_________,Ontheotherhand_________
Besides/What’smore/Inaddition.
这一段主要说理,在分论点里可以加一些小的例子细节,重点是要用一些精华句子!
3、分点二:
举例论证
Furtherlendingcredencetomypositionisthat____________
(简单阐述/例子字不够就多讲点废话)Icanthinkofnobetterillustrationthantheexampleof(典型例子)/Acaseinpointisthat(不是很典型)________,…..(例子见后面)
一句话总结例子:
Asaresult,强调句/倒装句/表利弊的句型/反面论证如果没有会怎样
4、让步段:
Agreeordisagree:
Admittedly,_____,tosomeextent,maydirectlyorindirectly____/hasitsundeniabledetriments.Forinstance,_______
However,thevaluablemeritsof_______considerablyovershadowthedrawbacks/onnoaccount________./
二选一:
Admittedly,BBalsohascertainmeritswhichdeservesomewordshere.Forexample,____(字数不够就多讲点)However,BB的缺点或AA也可以做到.ComparedwithAA,(which可以总结所有优点或针对BB的一方面,)itpales.
5、结尾段:
Therefore,duetotheabovementionedreasons,whichsometimescorrelatewitheachothertoformanorganicwholeandthusbecomemorepersuasivethananysingleoneofthem(字不够了用),Ireinforcemystandpointthat改写题目3
Onlyvia(by/through/with/when/after)___canwe__________;
onlyvia(by/through/with/when/after)___canwe________;
andonlyvia(by/through/with/when/after)___canwe_______
OrItisAthat...;itisAthat...;anditisAthat...(不好写或显得累赘就不要了)
二、语言篇
1、基本句型
●因果
Onaccountof/owingto/dueto+N
Forthereasonthat/as/since+句子
Itisdueto____that
eg:
Itisduetohispersistenceandperseverancethatheeventuallyreachedhisacme.(强调句)
derive/arise/stemfrom来源于
eg:
Hissuccessderivesfromhispersistenceandperseverance.
ascribeAtoB归结于
eg:
Hissuccesscanbeascribed/attributedtohispersistenceandperseverance
●条件
AservesasacatalystforB(ourfurthersuccess)
If/onconditionthat/providedthat/aslongas________
●让步
Despitethefactthat/regardlessof
2、经典句型
●倒装
1)Onlyvia(by/through/with/when/after)__do/did/canwe__
ef:
OnlyaftergoingtothebeachofHawaiiwillIknowaboutAmericantypicaltypeofspendingleisuretime.
2)Hardly/Seldom/Scarcelycan__
ef:
Hardlycanweimagineaworld/ourlifewithout/devoidof
3)So+adj+主谓倒装+that__
4)Notonly主谓倒装butalso...
eg:
Notonlyshouldeducationpreparechildrentocompete
Notonlydopeoplecaretheireconomicneeds,theybutalsowanttomeettheirspiritualneeds.
5)Onnoaccount主谓倒装(决不....)
●强调
Itis/was....that/who(m)....
●插入语
1)限定性副词probably/directlyorindirectly/tosome(alarge)extent
2)N+,ving,+v
3)同位语
3、经典中的经典
●排比
1)Itistourismthatgivesmetheopportunitytoknowthecultureofthisdynamic,robustandalivecountry.
2)Itiscomputersthatmakeourlifediverse,convenient,dynamic/vibrant,withoutwhichourlifewouldprobablypale.
3)A/whichneedstobe/Inthisway,Acanbereadilyaccepted,respected,appreciatedandadvocated.
4)Onlyviauniversityeducationcanwehavesystematicknowledgeconcerningartsandscience.Onlyviauniversityeducationcanweknowtheessenceofsymbiosisandcollaboration.AndOnlyviauniversityeducationcanwemeetthedemandsofsocietyandmakeourfuturesuccessinevitable.
●十大副词
1)Considerably
2)Invariably
3)Undoubtedly/indisputably/incontrovertibly
4)Increasingly
5)Most/exceedingly/exceptionally格外地
6)Insightfully富有见底地
7)Regrettably
8)Effectivelyandefficiently
9)Graduallyandeventually
10)Readily
●其他
1)Itisnotdifficultforustoimaginethat不难想象
2)BmakesitpossibleforustohaveanuniversalaccesstoA/Aisreadilyavailable.A容易得到
3)Inordertosurviveandthriveinthisfiercelycompetitivesociety,peoplehavenochoicebuttoworkandstudyhard.
4)Ruthlessandrelentless无形/fierceandintensecompetition
Theruthlessandrelentlesscompetitionimposesanunprecedentedpressureoneachandeveryindividual,andtherefore,thereisnoexaggerationtosaythatourinnovativeandinventiveabilitycanlayasolidfoundationforourfuture,enablingustosurviveandthriveinthemodernworld.
5)Inspiration,aspirationandperspiration
6)Vision,passionandmission
7)其他词语见最后清单p120
3、论证篇(详见讲义)
1、模糊论证
Rangefrom...(其他见讲义)
2、举例论证
●自己的例子
IcanthinkofnobetterillustrationthantheexampleofmyownvisittoSingapore.OnlyaftergoingshoppingonOrchardroad,themainshoppingdistrictinSingapore,didIrealizewhat"aparadiseforshopping"reallywas.OnlyafterroamingintheCityHall,thefinancialcenterofSingapore,didIexperiencethequickpaceofmodernlife.OnlyafterlyingonthebeachofSentosadidIknowabouttheSingaporeantypicalwayofspendingleisuretime.
●名人的例子(YuMinghong,。
。
。
)
●社会的例子
Forexample,onaccountoftheadventofthetechnologicallyadvancedsociety,employerstendtohirepeopleequippedwithawiderangeofknowledgeratherthantheoneswithlimitedknowledge.
●瞎编的例子
3、数据论证
Icanthinkofnobetterillustrationthanthestatistic.ExpertsfromtheDepartmentofSociologyinPekingUniversitypointedoutthattheaveragesleepingtimeanadulthaseveryday,comparedwith8hoursinthe1970s,hasdecreasedto6.8hoursduetothebusyworkandstudy.
4、引用论证(开头)
5、假想论证
Imagine/visualize/picture/suppose....
4、思路篇
怎么好写怎么来~
详见讲义
11.7
Withtherapiddevelopmentofoursociety,everyonewanttobesuccessintheircareer.Butmostofthemarestillverycommonpeopleintheworld.Ibelievethatactinglikeothersisfundamentallyimportantoftheoverallachievementofallindividuals,butwhetherdifferentoptionismoreimportantforthesuccess.Recently,thereisagrowingawarenessthat,inordertosucceed,whatyoushouldrememberisthatbeingdifferentfromeveryoneelse.AsfarasIconcerned,thisideamakesitpossibleforustohaveanrightaccesstoachievedestinationisreadilyavailable.
ThefirstreasonthatIwouldliketoelaborateuponisthatdifferentopiniongivesusmoreopportunitytosucceedinourcareer.TakeBillGatesforinstance,whenhewasafreshmanintheHarvarduniversity,hehadagreatinterestingincomputerprogramming.Inordertomakeasuitablesoftware
forthePC,helefthisuniversitytosetuphisowncompanycalledMicrosoftwhichisoneofthebiggestenterpriseintheworldnowadays.Obviously,withouthisuniqueoption,considerablenumerousthoughtheknowledgeandskillsthathecanobtainintheHarvarduniversity,theycannotcompetewiththebenefitsthatcreatehiscompanybringsabout.
Successis,withoutdoubt,thetargetallthehumanbeingswanttobe.However,havingaspecialoptionormakingaunusualchoiceisonlyoneofthevariouspatternforustoachievesuccess.ThusIbelievethatitiscrucialforeveryonetomaintainthatnomatterimitatingothersorhavingownoptiondifferentfromothers,weshouldbearinmindthatwhatisthemostimportantisthatwemustknowwhatisthethingwewantto.Onlyinthiswaycanwepursueouraspirationinarightwayandrealizethemintheend.Ontheotherhand,wehadbettertoneglectthebehaviorthatblindlypursuethedifferentpatternfromcommon.
Toconclude,Ibelievethatthepersonwhoreallyunderstandwhathisdreamisexactlycannaturallychoosetheirpatternstoachievetheirsuccess.Inaddition,itiscrucialforeveryonetofindhisappropriatewaystobesuccess.Admittedly,noonehavetheabsolutelysamepatternstorealizeourdream.Thus,Ihavetoagreewiththestatementwrittenabove,thattodistinguishtheimportanceofimitatingotherorkeepingdifferentideaisinsignificant.