《英美文学导论》课程教学大纲.docx
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《英美文学导论》课程教学大纲
《英美文学导论》课程教学大纲
(2005年制订,2006年修订)
课程编号:
100192
英文名:
AnIntroductiontoEnglishLiteratureandAmericanLiterature
课程类别:
专业主干课
前置课:
英语国家概况
后置课:
英美文学选读
学 分:
2学分
课时:
32课时
主讲教师:
冯建文
选定教材:
1、刘炳善,《英国文学简史》,河南人民出版社,1997年修订。
2、常耀信,《美国文学简史》,南开大学出版社,1996年。
课程概述:
本课程为英语专业商务英语方向三年级本科生开设,安排在三年级上学期,旨在使学生比较全面地了解英、美国家的文学发展历史,以及在此发展过程中出现的重要文学流派、重要作家和他们的代表作品,提高学生对英、美文学的修养和欣赏水平。
本课程以文学发展史为经线,英国文学从中世纪开始,历经文艺复兴、启蒙运动、浪漫主义、批判现实主义,以及现代派和后现代派等重要文学历史时期;美国文学从殖民时代开始,直至当代美国文学,从历史、文化、语言等多角度、多层次详细讨论美国文学的发展轨迹。
本课程也将适当介绍一些基本的文学理论知识和文学批评方法。
教学目的:
本课程旨在使学生对英美两国文学形成与发展的全貌有一个大概的了解,由英国文学和美国文学两个部分组成,主要内容包括英美文学发展史及代表作家的简要介绍。
文学史部分从英美两国历史、语言、文化发展的角度,简要介绍英美两国文学各个历史断代的主要历史背景,文学文化思潮,文学流派,社会政治、经济、文化等对文学发展的影响,主要作家的文学生涯、创作思想、艺术特色及其代表作品的主题结构、人物刻画、语言风格、思想意义等主要内容。
通过适量阅读代表性篇章使学生获得欣赏和分析英美文学的初步能力。
教学方法:
本课程以课堂讲授为主,分为英国文学和美国文学两部分,按照文学史分期循序讲解。
以重点作家和作品为纲,关键词为提示。
配合多媒体演示材料,通过图片和音像材料加深印象。
选读一些代表性篇章,并组织课堂讨论,推荐课外阅读的英美文学名作。
鼓励学生对自己感兴趣的作家或专题进行自学研讨,并组织课堂交流。
适当介绍英美文学在我国的译介情况,鼓励学生翻译课堂阅读篇章。
对特别喜爱文学或打算报考英美文学研究生的同学适当加强个别辅导,针对其具体情况引导其学习兴趣和研究方向。
各章教学要求及教学要点
第一章英国文学
教学要求:
通过本章教学,使学生掌握英国文学的基本知识和英国文学史的基本理论,熟悉重要作家及其代表作品,初步了解英国文学史的分期和各时期的文学思潮和流派,以及中外对英国文学重要作家作品的经典评论。
教学内容:
一、早期英国文学
1、古英语文学和《贝奥武甫》
LittleisknownofEnglishliteraturebeforethearrivaloftheAnglo-Saxons,thoughechoesofEngland'sCelticpastresoundinArthurianlegend.Anglo-Saxonliterature,writtenintheOldEnglishlanguage,isremarkablydiverse.Itssurvivingcorpusincludeshymns,lyricpoemssuchasTheWandererandTheSeafarer,riddlesandspells,songs,andtheepicpoemBeowulf,whichdatesfromthe9thor10thcentury.
BeowulfistheoldestpoemintheEnglishlanguage.ItisthemostimportantspecimenofAnglo-Saxonliterature,andalsotheoldestsurvivingepicintheEnglishlanguage.Itconsistsofmorethan3000lines.Ithadbeenpassedfrommouthtomouthforhundredsofyearsbeforeitwaswrittendowninthetenthcenturyorattheendoftheninthcentury.Themainstoriesarebasedonthefolklegendsoftheprimitivenortherntribes.
2、中古英语文学和乔叟
Chaucerwastherepresentativewriterofthe14thcentury,andthereforethe14thcenturyisusuallycalledtheAgeofChaucer.HisTheCanterburyTalesranksasoneofthegreatestpoeticworksinEnglish.
ChaucerwroteinMiddleEnglish.Hislanguageisvividandexact.Hispoetryisfullofvigorandswiftness.Chaucer’scontributiontoEnglishpoetryisthatheintroducedfromFrancetherhymedcoupletofiambicpentameter,whichwaslatercalledtheheroiccouplet,toEnglishpoetry,insteadoftheoldAnglo-Saxonalliterativeverse.ChauceristhefirstgreatpoetwhowroteinthecurrentEnglishlanguage.HewrotehispoetrybyusingtheEastMidlanddialectofEngland,thedialectofLondon.SohedidmuchinmakingthedialectofLondon,thefoundationformodernEnglishspeechandestablishingEnglishastheliterarylanguageofthecountry.
二、文艺复兴和莎士比亚
1、文艺复兴
TheRenaissancewasaEuropeanphenomenon.IthaditsorigininnorthItalyinthefourteenthcentury,andspreadnorthwardtootherEuropeancountries----toFrance,toGermany,totheLowCountries,andlastlytoEngland.ItrevivedthestudyofRomanandGreekclassicsandmarkedthebeginningofbourgeoisrevolution.
EnglishliteratureintheRenaissanceperiodisusuallyregardedasthehighlightinthehistoryofEnglishliterature.IntheElizabethanperiod,Englishliteraturedevelopedwithagreatspeedandmadeamagnificentachievement.
2、莎士比亚戏剧
Shakespeareoccupiesapositionuniqueinworldliterature.Otherpoets,suchasHomerandDante,andnovelists,suchasLeoTolstoyandCharlesDickens,havetranscendednationalbarriers;butnowriter'slivingreputationcancomparetothatofShakespeare,whoseplays,writteninthelate16thandearly17thcenturiesforasmallrepertorytheatre,arenowperformedandreadmoreoftenandinmorecountriesthaneverbefore.Theprophecyofhisgreatcontemporary,thepoetanddramatistBenJonson,thatShakespeare“wasnotofanage,butforalltime,”hasbeenfulfilled.
3、培根《论说文》
SirFrancisBaconlordchancellorofEngland(1618–21),Alawyer,statesman,philosopher,andmasteroftheEnglishtongue,heisrememberedinliterarytermsforthesharpworldlywisdomofafewdozenessays.
三、十七世纪英国文学
1、弥尔顿与史诗《失乐园》
MiltonrankssecondonlytoShakespeareamongEnglishpoets;hiswritingsandhisinfluenceareanimportantpartofthehistoryofEnglishliterature,culture,andlibertarianthought.HeisbestknownforParadiseLost,whichisgenerallyregardedasthegreatestepicpoemintheEnglishlanguage.
ParadiseLostisanepicpoemwritteninblankverse—i.e.,unrhymediambicpentameterverse.IttellsthestoryofSatan'srebellionagainstGodandhisexpulsionfromheavenandthesubsequenttemptationandexpulsionofAdamandEvefromtheGardenofEden.
2、班杨与《天路历程》
CelebratedEnglishministerandpreacher,authorofThePilgrim'sProgress(1678),thebookthatwasthemostcharacteristicexpressionofthePuritanreligiousoutlook.ThePilgrim’sProgressisanallegory,anarrativeinwhichgeneralconceptssuchsin,despair,andfaitharerepresentedaspeopleorasaspectsofthenaturalworld.
四、十八世纪英国文学
1、启蒙运动和新古典主义
TheEnlightenmentwasaprogressiveintellectualmovementthroughoutWesternEuropeinthe18thcentury.Itwasanexpressionofstruggleofthebourgeoisieagainstfeudalism.Theenlightenersfoughtagainstclassinequality,stagnation,prejudicesandothersurvivalsoffeudalism.Theythoughtthechiefmeansforbetteringthesocietywas“enlightenment”or“education”forthepeople.
2、感伤主义小说
Sentimentalismwasanotherliterarytraditionfollowedbysomepoetsandnovelistsofthe18thcentury.Itindulgedinemotionandsentiment,whichwereusedasasortofreliefforthegrievesandheart-achesfelttowardtheworld’swrongs,andasakindofmildprotestagainstthesocialinjustice.
3、现实主义小说
RobinsonCrusoe(1719),animmediatesuccessathomeandontheContinent,isauniquefictionalblendingofthetraditionsofPuritanspiritualautobiographywithaninsistentscrutinyofthenatureofmanassocialcreatureandanextraordinaryabilitytoinventasustainingmodernmyth.
五、浪漫派诗歌
1、浪漫主义
AmongthecharacteristicattitudesofRomanticismwerethefollowing:
adeepenedappreciationofthebeautiesofnature;ageneralexaltationofemotionoverreasonandofthesensesoverintellect;aturninginupontheselfandaheightenedexaminationofhumanpersonalityanditsmoodsandmentalpotentialities;apreoccupationwiththegenius,thehero,andtheexceptionalfigureingeneral,andafocusonhispassionsandinnerstruggles;anewviewoftheartistasasupremelyindividualcreator,whosecreativespiritismoreimportantthanstrictadherencetoformalrulesandtraditionalprocedures;anemphasisuponimaginationasagatewaytotranscendentexperienceandspiritualtruth;anobsessiveinterestinfolkculture,nationalandethnicculturalorigins,andthemedievalera;andapredilectionfortheexotic,theremote,themysterious,theweird,theoccult,themonstrous,thediseased,andeventhesatanic.
2、彭斯
BurnswrotelyricsandsongsintheScottishdialectofEnglish.
3、华兹华斯
WilliamWordsworth,majorEnglishRomanticpoetandpoetlaureateofEngland(1843–50).HisLyricalBallads(1798),writtenwithSamuelTaylorColeridge,helpedlaunchtheEnglishRomanticmovement.
4、奥斯丁与《傲慢与偏见》
Englishwriterwhofirstgavethenovelitsdistinctlymoderncharacterthroughhertreatmentofordinarypeopleineverydaylife.
5、拜伦、雪莱
LordByron'swritingsaremorepatentlyautobiographicthaneventhoseofhisfellowself-revealingRomantics.Uponcloseexamination,however,theparadoxofhiscomplexcharactercanberesolvedintounderstandableelements.
ShelleyisanEnglishRomanticpoetwhosepassionatesearchforpersonalloveandsocialjusticewasgraduallychanneledfromovertactionsintopoemsthatrankwiththegreatestintheEnglishlanguage.
六、维多利亚时代
1、狄更斯
Englishnovelist,generallyconsideredthegreatestoftheVictorianera.
2、萨克雷与《名利场》
EnglishnovelistwhosereputationrestschieflyonVanityFair(1847–48),anoveloftheNapoleonicperiodinEngland.
3、勃朗特三姐妹
JaneEyre(1847),astrongnarrativeofawomaninconflictwithhernaturaldesiresandsocialcondition.
EmilyBronte,Englishnovelistandpoetwhoproducedbutonenovel,WutheringHeights(1847),ahighlyimaginativenovelofpassionandhatesetontheYorkshiremoors.
4、盖斯凯尔夫人
Herfirstnovel,MaryBarton,reflectsthetemperofManchesterinthelate1830s.Itisthestoryofaworking-classfamilyinwhichthefather,JohnBarton,lapsesintobitterclasshatredduringacyclicdepressionandcarriesoutaretaliatorymurderatthebehestofhistradeunion.
5、乔治·艾略特
GeorgeEliotisanEnglishVictoriannovelistwhodevelopedthemethodofpsychologicalanalysis.
6.哈代与《苔丝》
EnglishnovelistandpoetwhosetmuchofhisworkinWessex,animaginarycountyinsouthwesternEngland.
七、维多利亚时代诗歌与戏剧
1、丁尼生
BynameAlfred,LordTennysonEnglishpoetoftenregardedasthechiefrepresentativeoftheVictorianageinpoetry.
5、萧伯纳
Irishcomicdramatist,literarycritic,andSocialistpropagandist,winneroftheNobelPrizeforLiteraturein1925.
八、二十世纪英国文学
1、叶芝
Irishpoet,dramatist,andprosewriter,oneofthegreatestEnglish-languagepoetsofthe20thcentury.HereceivedtheNobelPrizeforLiteraturein1923.
2、艾略特
American-Englishpoet,playwright,literarycritic,andeditor,aleaderofthemodernistmovementinpoetryinsuchworksasTheWasteLand(1922)andTheFourQuartets(1943).EliotexercisedastronginfluenceonAnglo-Americanculturefromthe1920suntillateinthecentury.
3、希尼
Irishpoetwhoseworkisnotableforitsevocationofeventsi