学术综合英语课后答案解析.docx
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学术综合英语课后答案解析
Unit1
C
1.Theyoungergenerationshouldcontinuetosustainanddevelopourfinetraditionsandlong-standingculture.
2.Inthecourseofpreparingone’sspeech,oneshouldbeclearlyawareofhowonecouldmakeeffectiveuseofstatisticsandexamplestobolsterone’spointofview.
3.Animpromptuspeechisoneofthespeakingskillsthatcollegestudentsshouldlearnanddevelopthroughpractice.
4.Byusingsimileandmetaphor,youcanmakeyourlanguagemorevividandmoreattractivetoyouraudience.
5.Theproperexamplesyoucitemighthelpreinforcetheimpressiononyourlistenersandmakeyourviewpointsmoreconvincing.
6.Whenyouarespeaking,youshouldchoosecommonandeasywordsandatthesametimeavoidclutterinyourspeech.
7.Whenyouwriteapaper,citingtheviewsfromsomeexpertsisagoodwaytomakeyourideasmorecredible.
8.Agoodmethodofdeliveringaspeechwillimproveitsqualityandwillhelpconveythespeaker’sideasclearlyandinterestingly.
9.Youshouldnotblindlyuseawordthatyourarenotsureabout,andityouarenotsure,lookupthewordinadictionary.
10.Yourlanguageshouldadapttotheparticularoccasionandaudience.Ifyourlanguageisappropriateinallrespects,yourspeechissuccessful.
英译汉:
发言提纲是有效发言的基础。
通过写发言提纲,你可以确保你的想法是关联的,你的思路从一点谈到另一点,你的讲话结构是连贯的,通常准备演讲你可以采用两种提纲方式:
详细准备提纲和简单发言提纲。
在准备提纲中,应该写出你的特定目的及中心思想,并以连贯的方式确定主要观点和次要观点。
发言提纲应该由简要的提要组成,这些提要在你讲话时能够给你一些帮助。
发言提纲还应包括帮助你记忆的重点词或重点短语。
在写发言提纲时,可采用准备提纲的模式,尽可能使你的发言提纲简要,同时,要确保提纲清晰、易于辨认。
D(p17)汉译英:
当你发表学术演讲时,首先要做好充分的准备;其次,你演讲的主要观点要明确,层次要清楚。
演讲时,语速不要过快,语言要清晰。
不要总是在读你准备好的稿子。
最后,你应该经常看一下你的听众。
这样,一方面你对你的听众表示尊重,另一方面,你可以更顺利地进行你的演讲。
Beforeyoudeliveranacademicspeech,youshould,firstofal,getwellpreparedforit.Then,youshouldmakeyourmajorpointsclearinyourspeech,andyourspeechshouldbewellorganized.Whenspeaking,youshouldnotspeaktoofast,andyourlanguageshouldbeexplicit.Don’talwaysreadthenotesyoupreparedbeforehand.Fromtimetotime,youshouldlookatyouraudience.Ononehand,youcanshowyourrespecttoyouraudience,andontheotherhand,youwillbeabletogoonwithyourspeechmoresmoothly.
SectionCWritingPractice
Task1
Goodmorning,distinguishedguests,ladiesandgentlemen,
Itismygreatpleasureonbehalfoftheuniversitytoextendourwarmwelcometoalltheconferenceparticipants.
ItisaspecialhonorforustobeholdingtheInternationalSymposiumonComputerScienceatouruniversity.Amongtheparticipantsarewell-knownprofessors,scientistsandscholarsinthisfield.Ibelievethatthissymposiumwillofferagoodopportunityforyoutoexchangeyourideas,shareyourlatestresearchachievementsandfurthercooperationinthefieldofcomputerscienceaswell.
Also,tosomeextent,thissymposiumwillhelpustodevelopcomputerscienceinyouruniversityandhelppushforwardourresearchinthisfield.
Finally,Ihopethesymposiumwillbeagreatsuccessand
Ihopeeveryonewillenjoytheirstayhere.Thankyou!
Task3
Ladiesandgentlemen,
HappyNewYeartoeverybody!
Iamveryhappytoseallofyouheretocelebratethearrivalofthenewyear.Inparticular,Iamdelightedtohavesomanyforeignprofessors,teachersandfriendswithusthisevening.
Lastyear,withthejointeffortsofallthefacultymembers,wemadesomeimpressiveachievementsinbothresearchandteaching.Someofourresearchandteachingprogramshavewonawardsathenationalandprovinciallevels.Wecertainlyowetheseachievementstoourcolleaguesandourforeignfriendshere.
I’dliketotakethisopportunitytoexpressmythankstoyouforwhatyouhavedoneforouruniversity.Also,I’dliketowisheveryonegoodhealthandsuccessinhenewyear.Nowletmeproposeatoast.HappyNewYear!
Unit2
C
1.Energyuseshouldbenefitglobalsustainabilitysothatitcancontributetolong-termhumanwell-being.
2.Today,thisconsensushasgivenwaytoavarietyoffamilystylesasaresultofpeoplelivinglonger,marryinglater,anddivorcingmore.
3.Muchofthecurrentresearchentailsclosecollaborationwithindustry,whichleadstoaprofitableexchangeofpersonnelandideas.
4.Ifwecannotpindownexactlywhatwearesupposedtobemanaging,howcanwemanageit?
5.Themagnitudeofurbanmigrationinrecentyearsisevidenceofmoredisturbingtrends:
theexpandinggapbetweenrichandpoor,rapidpopulationgrowthandincreasingenvironmentaldegradation.
6.Thestudentsperceivedthatthetoxicitytestingofaninsecticideisonaparwiththatofacosmetic.
7.Thispresentationdescribesalargesetofplausiblegoals,atleastoneofwhichshouldbeachievedwithinyears.
8.Thepracticeofastrictenvironmentalevaluationandaregularmonitoringsystemiscentraltothesmoothprogressoftheproject.
9.Eventheverymediocreservicesandfoodatthebeautyspotdidnotdetractfromtheenjoymentofthetourists.
10.Tofinancehertowdaughterswhoarebothatcollege,shebeganmakinghandicrafttoaugmentthefamilyincome.
汉译英:
以上各种因素究竟如何影响能源供应的资金成本难以量化,部分原因是许多非环境因素实际上同环境因素相互交织在一起。
比如,造成工程施工延误的原因,不但有管理上的限制,而且有工程、管理以及质量监控等方面的问题。
然而在美国,过去20年中由于环境影响,石油产品供应的资金成本至少上升了25%,而火电和核电生产的资金成本则上升了40%,甚至更多。
Itisdifficulttoquantifythetotalcontributionofallthesefactorstothemonetarycostsofenergysupply,inpartbecausefactorsnotrelatedtotheenvironmentareoftenentwinedwithenvironmentalones.
Forexample,constructiondelayshavebeencausednotjustbyregulatoryconstraintsbutalsobyproblemsofengineering,managementandqualitycontrol.Nevertheless,intheUS,environmentalimpactshaveincreasedthemonetarycostsofsupplyingpetroleumproductsbyatleast25percentduringthepast20years,andthecostsofgeneratingelectricityfromcoalandnuclearpowerby40percentormore.
英译汉:
能源和人类利益有着双重关系,人力历史发展长河中,由于利用能源成本低廉,人们主要关注能源和人类安康关系中有利的一面,然而,过去一百年来人口以空前速度增长,引起了能源需求的激增,同时,人均工业能源需求亦急剧增长,因此,能源利用所需成本越来越高,无论是外延成本还是内涵成本。
一方面,能源资源加速减少,能源供应所需投入越来越高;另一方面,相比之下,外延成本呢更加令人忧虑,原因是能源利用严重威胁大众健康和安全,不断破坏全球生态系统,并可能引发大规模军事冲突。
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