高考英语新素养大二轮专题突破江苏版 讲义 专题三 阅读理解 第一节 二.docx

高考英语新素养大二轮专题突破江苏版 讲义 专题三 阅读理解 第一节 二.docx

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高考英语新素养大二轮专题突破江苏版讲义专题三阅读理解第一节二

第一节　细节理解题

二、间接信息题

（2019·江苏，A）

Whateveryourageorinterests，Buxtonhassomethingtoseeordotomakeyourvisittrulymemorable.

Highenergy

Ifyoudesirephysicalactivities，youcanchooseactivitiesfromswimmingtohorseriding.ExploretheheightswithGoApe，thehighwireforestadventurecourse，orjourneybeneaththeearthatPoole’sCavern.Anddon’tforget：

wearesurroundedbyanaturalplaygroundjustperfectforwalking，caving，climbingandcycling.

Highminded

Buxtonisjustifiablyproudofitsculturallifeandyou’llfindmuchtosuitalltasteswithart，music，operaandtheperformingartsatBuxtonOperaHouse&PavilionArtsCentreandGreenManGallery.Thereareplentyofopportunitiesforthecreativepersontobecomeinvolved，includingworkshopsandevents.

Keepingthekidshappy

ChildrenlovethesmalltrainandplaygroundsinthePavilionGardensandthere’splentymoretoexploreattheBuxtonMuseum.There’sanewindoorplaycentre，plusthespecialeventsandworkshops，andothersduringschoolholidayperiods.

56.Ifyouwanttotakeanundergroundjourney，whichplaceisthebestchoice?

A.Poole’sCavern.

B.PavilionGardens.

C.BuxtonMuseum.

D.GreenManGallery.

答案　A

解析　细节理解题。

根据Highenergy部分中的“journeybeneaththeearthatPoole’sCavern”可知选A。

57.BuxtonOperaHouse&PavilionArtsCentreisspecialbecauseitoffers.

A.ridesinsmalltrains

B.coursesinmodernarts

C.artisticandculturalactivities

D.basiccoursesinhorseriding

答案　C

解析　细节理解题。

根据Highminded部分中的“Buxtonisjustifiablyproudofitsculturallifeandyou’llfindmuchtosuitalltastes...Thereareplentyofopportunitiesforthecreativepersontobecomeinvolved”可知，BuxtonOperaHouse&PavilionArtsCentre的特别之处在于它提供多种文化艺术活动。

一、题型解读

1.话题特点

常考查间接信息理解类的话题有：

（1）人物类；

（2）故事类；（3）文化教育类；（4）史地自然类；（5）社会生活类；（6）科普说明类。

2.设问形式

特殊疑问句形式或填空形式：

（1）Accordingtotheauthor/passage，...

（2）Whatcanwelearnabout...?

（3）Whatwasthereasonfor...?

二、解题技巧——“断章取义”定答案

第一步：

阅读题干，确定关键词，锁定原文相关信息

第二步：

定位题干关键词的转换形式

第三步：

利用正确选项特征，确定答案

三、正确选项特征：

1.用同义或近义词复现。

如【真题感悟】第56题题干中anundergroundjourney与原文中“journeybeneaththeearth”意思相同，故可知答案为A项。

2.同根词或原词复现。

3.语言简化。

简化原文中的复杂语言现象，并设置为答案。

4.反义词复现。

把原文中的意思反过来表达。

A

（2019·如皋高三一模）

NewYorkCityisaworldcapitalineverysenseoftheword—it’saculturaland1economicpowerhouse，andarguablythemost2influentialcityontheplanet.Butitwasn’talwaysthisway，asthefollowingcitiesoncedominatedtheworldaroundthem.

Djenne-Djenno

InthefloodlandsoftheNigerdeltapeoplehavebeenbuildinghousesandotherstructureswithclayforcenturies.ThetownofDjenne-Djennoismadeentirelyoutofclay.Itwasinhabitedasfarbackas250BC，andbecameanimportantlinkinthetrans-Saharangoldtrade（跨撒哈拉黄金交易）.Constructedonhillscalled“toguere”，thecitymanagedtoescapethemarshy（沼泽的）landscapeandannualfloodsproducedbytherainyseason.Djenne-Djennoisbelievedtobeoneoftheearliest8settlementsinthesub-Saharanregion，andisconsideredbysometobe“the3typicalAfricanCity”.

Archeologicalevidenceshowsusacontinuoushumanpresenceintheareaupuntilthe14thcenturyAD，whenpeoplemovedtothenearbytownofDjenne，foundedinthe11thcentury.Furtherevidencepointsoutthatevenbeforethecity’sconstruction，theBozopeopleweregrowingwildriceintheregion.Inthe13thcenturyAD，withKingKoumboro’sconversiontoIslam，itspalacetransformedintoamosque.

Carthage

LegendhasitthatCarthagewasfoundedbyQueenDidoofthePhoenicians.ShefledthecityofTyrelocatedinpresent-dayLebanoninordertoescapethehatredofherbrotherPygmalion，whowasherrivaltothethrone.Alongwithagroupofsettlers，shetraveledagreatdistancebyseaandlandedinNorthAfrica，whereshemetKingIarbas.Heofferedtogivethemlandinordertobuildasettlement，butnobiggerthanthesurfacecoveredbythehide（牛皮）ofanox.Theycleverlycutthehideintothinstripsandwereabletoencloseafairlylargeareaofland.Onthisland，themightycityofCarthagewasbuilt.

Thesestoriesaremostlikelyjustthat，butthefactthatthePhoeniciansbuiltthecityaround760BCistrue.Locatedinsuchagoodposition—inthemiddleoftheMediterranean，closetoSicily，SardiniaandCorsica，andaprettygooddistancefromEgypt—helpedmakeCarthagealeadingtradecenterandmilitarypower.Thepopulationsoonreachedhalfamillioncitizensand，inordertohousethemall，buildingswereallbuiltfiveorsixstoriestall.Carthagewasthefirstcityinancienttimestohaveacentralizedsewagesystem，linkingallbuildingswithinthecitywalls.Themostnotableofstructuresamongtheruinswasthe“Thophet”，whichisbelievedtobeanaltar（圣坛）forchildsacrifice.

Tenochtitlan

TenochtitlanwasthecapitalcityoftheAztecEmpire.ItwasbuiltonanislandsurroundedbyLakeTexcocodeepinsidethejunglesofCentralAmerica.BythetimetheSpanishconquerorswereawareofitsexistence，thepopulationwasaround200,000.ThiswasacityverydifferentfromwhattheEuropeanswereusedto.Foundedin1325AD，theAztec’scapitalwasjoinedtothemainlandbythreecauseways（堤道）.Itwaslaidoutinstraightstreetgridsandhadenormouspyramidsatitscenter，whichweresurroundedbytheskullsofthedeadandceremonialsculptures.

1.Whatdoweknowabouttheancientcities?

A.Tenochtitlanwasthefirstcitytolinkallbuildingswithinthecitywallsusingacentralizedsewagesystem.

B.Carthagewasconsideredtohaveplayedanimportantroleinthetrans-Saharangoldtrade.

C.TherewasnodoubtthatCarthagewasfoundedbyQueenDidoofthePhoenicians.

D.Accordingtosomepeople，thecityDjenne-Djennois“atypicalAfricancity”.

答案　D

解析　细节理解题。

答案定位在Djenne-Djenno部分的“Djenne-Djennoisbelievedtobeoneoftheearliestsettlementsinthesub-Saharanregion，andisconsideredbysometobe‘thetypicalAfricanCity’.（Djenne-Djenno被认为是撒哈拉以南地区最早的定居点之一，被一些人认为是‘典型的非洲城市’。

）”，由此可知，D选项描述正确，故选D。

2.Thepassageismostprobablytakenfrom.

A.anewsreport

B.asciencefiction

C.ahistorybook

D.aresearchpaper

答案　C

解析　文章出处题。

由第一段并结合全文内容可知，这篇文章主要介绍了历史上，曾经统治着它们周围世界的一些城市，所以这篇文章最可能出自历史书，故选C。

B

（2019·徐州高三一检）

IT’SENOUGHTOMAKEYOUBLUEINTHEFACE

Timetotakeastandagainstover-pricedwatcheswiththeStauerUrbanBlue，nowonly$29.

9Youneedanewwatch—theoneyouarewearingwasmadewhenNixonwasinoffice，butextravagantly-pricedwatchesthataddzerosjustbecauseofawell-knownnameareaninsulttoyourlogic.It’sabsolutelypossibletohavethehighestquality，precisionclassictimepiecewithoutthehighandmightypricetag.HerecomestheStauerUrbanBlue.

Packedwithhigh-endwatchperformanceandstyle，minusthehigh-endpricetag.

It’severythingahigh-endwatchshouldbe：

Sturdy4stainlesssteeland5genuineleatherconstruction.Precisiontimingthat’saccuratetofoursecondsaday—that’smoreprecisethana27-jewelautomaticwatchpricedatover$6,000.

Yourgreatescapefromtheover-pricedwatchcraze.

AtStauer，wego6directlytothesource（cuttingoutthemiddleman），andengineerourownwatchdesigns.Thismeanswecanofferatopqualitytimepiecethathappenstoonlycostthesameastwowell-madecocktailsatyourfavoritebar.10So，whilewe’rebusyrevolutionizingthewatchindustrytobringyoumorerealvalue，youcantakeyourownstandagainstover-pricedwatcheswiththeUrbanBlue.

Yoursatisfactionis100%guaranteed.

WeartheUrbanBluefor30days.Ifyou’renot7convincedthatyouachievedexcellenceforless，senditbackforarefundoftheitemprice.TheUrbanBlueisoneofourfastestsellers.Ittakessixmonthstoengineerthiswatchsodon’twait.

Limitedtothefirst1,900responderstothisadonly.

StauerUrbanBlueWatch

OfferCodePrice$29＋S&PSave$170

1－800－333－2045

3.WhatisthesellingpointoftheUrbanBlue?

A.ItwasmadewhenNixonwasinoffice.

B.Itisthemostprecisewatchintheworld.

C.Itisdesignedbythecompany’sownengineers.

D.Itishighinqualitybutamazinglylowinprice.

答案　D

解析　细节理解题。

根据文中的“only$29”，第二段最后两句及第三段中的“high-endwatchperformanceandstyle，minusthehigh-endpricetag”可知，这是一款物美价廉的手表。

故选D。

4.Toguaranteecustomers’satisfaction，thewatchproducerpromisesthat.

A.theywillreducetheengineeringtimeinthefuture

B.theywillsellthewatchalwaysatapriceof$29

C.customerscanwearthewatchontrialfor3months

D.customerscanreturnthewatchforafullrefundwithin30days

答案　D

解析　细节理解题。

根据Yoursatisfactionis100%guaranteed部分的第一句“WeartheUrbanBluefor30days.Ifyou’renotconvincedthatyouachievedexcellenceforless，senditbackforarefundoftheitemprice.”可知，佩戴这款表三十天，如果顾客不满意，仍可退全款。

故选D。

Ⅰ.障碍词汇突破

（一）阅读下列句子，并根据句意猜测画线部分的意思

1.Themineinthatcitywasclosedbecauseitwasnoteconomic.有利可图的；可赚钱的

2.Heusedhisinfluentialfriendstohelphimgetintothecivilservicebythebackdoor.

有势力的，有影响力的

3.ItistypicalofJohntothinkabouthelpingothersinthisway.典型的，有代表性的

4.It’spossibletoweldstainlesssteeltoordinarysteel.不生锈的

5.NowthathehasbecomePresident，manypeopleonceagainhavehopeforgenuinechangesinthesystem.真正的

（二）同义词语替换

6.Hearinghismotherwasillinhospital，hedrovedirectlytothehospital.straight

7.Iamconvincedthatheisinnocent.sure

（三）一词多义

8.settlementn.协议；解决；处理；移民；殖民；开拓；定居点

（1）ChinaandtheUSAfailedtoreachasettlementinthetradewar.协议

（2）Inthatrichareatherearemanysettlementsandtheagricultureisveryadvanced.定居点

（3）Europeansettlementbeganin1840whentheBritisharrived.定居

（4）Yourdoingthiscan’thelpthesettlementoftheissue.解决，处理

Ⅱ.长难句理解

9.Youneedanewwatch—theoneyouarewearingwasmadewhenNixonwasinoffice，butextravagantly-pricedwatchesthataddzerosjustbecauseofaw