中考英语专题复习被动语态.docx
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中考英语专题复习被动语态
20XX届中考英语专题复习:
被动语态
【新课标考点分析】
1.掌握被动语态的结构;
2.掌握一般现在时态、一般过去时态以及一般现在时态含情态动词被动语态的用法。
【新课标考点精讲】
一、被动语态:
英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。
英语中有两种语态:
主动语态和被动语态。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。
巧记为:
被动、被动、主被动。
【口诀】动作谁做的不知道,说出谁做的不必要;
接受动作者要强调,用被动语态最为妙。
如:
Englishisspokenbymanypeople.主语English是动词speak的承受者。
如:
Heopenedthedoor.他开了门。
(主动句)
Thedoorwasopened.门被开了。
(被动句)
二、主动语态与被动语态结构表格
时态名称
主动语态
被动语态
标志性词语
1
一般现在时
V/V单三
am/is/are+Vp.p.
always,often,usually,sometimes,everyday,never,seldom
2
一般过去时
Vp.
Usedto+V
Would+V
was/were+Vp.p.
yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,
…ago,
lastweek/month/year
3
一般将来时
will/shall+V
am/is/are+goingto+V
1)will/shall+be+Vp.p.
2)am/is/are+goingto+be+Vp.p.
tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,
nextweek/month/year,
in…time
4
现在进行时
am/is/are+V-ing
am/is/are+being+Vp.p.
now,atthemoment,atpresent,
thesedays,nowadays
5
过去进行时
was/were+V-ing
was/were+being+Vp.p.
while/when/as…,atthattime
6
现在完成时
have/has+Vp.p.
have/has+been+Vp.p.
just,recently/lately,for,since,
ever,never,
upto/tillnow,sofar,fromthenon
7
过去完成时
had+Vp.p.
had+been+Vp.p.
before,bytheendof…,after
8
过去将来时
would/should+V
would/should+be+Vp.p.
主要用于宾语从句
9
含有情态动词的句子
must/can/may/should+V
must/can/may/should
+be+Vp.p.
二.主动语态变被动语态的变法:
口诀:
宾变主,主变宾,谓变bedone,时不变,数格必须随被变,by+主语后面跟。
1.Allthepeoplelaughedathim.
→Hewaslaughedatbyallthepeople.
2.Theymakethebikesinthefactory.
Thebikesaremadebytheminthefactory.
注:
1.主动、被动的时态要一致。
2.主动、被动的句式要一致。
3.变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。
【其他口诀】
口诀一:
宾变主,把“是(be)”补;
动词跟,变过(去)分(词);
时与数,“是”随主(语);
时态随原句,莫变要记准’
主语代词变宾格,成为by宾(语)。
主语代词变宾格,成为by宾(语)。
口诀二:
被动不离“be”与“p.p.”,主谓一致莫忘记,
句中时态要留意,“进行”易漏一个“being”.
一主二宾三不变谓语动词是关键
三.特殊情况的被动语态:
1.带双宾语的被动语态:
动词+sb(间宾)+sth(直宾)
【口诀】如遇双宾语,一般变间宾,若把直宾变,to/for间宾连。
1).give/pass/show与介词to搭配。
givesbsth——sb+begivensth或sth+begiven+tosb.
2).buy/make/cook与介词for搭配。
buysbsth——sb+bebought+sth或sth+bebought+forsb
2.主动语态中省略带to的动词在改被动后要加上to:
如:
Hemadetheboyworkfortwohoursyesterday.
Theboywasmadetoworkbyhimfortwohoursyesterday.
【口诀】含复合
复宾变被动,只能宾变主。
宾补变主补,置于bedone后。
复合宾语结构中“感官”,“使役”常使用。
主动结构变被动,根据常规就不行,
主动宾补是动原,变成被动则不然,
原来宾补成主补,省去的to要再现。
主动句中含情动,变成被动很容易,
情动,be加上“过去分”,其他成分别丢弃,原来带to要保留。
若要熟悉运用它,必须经常来练习。
真题讲解
【2011广西南宁市】1.Trees________everyyeartomakeourcitygreener.
A.plantB.areplantedC.wereplantedD.willbeplanted
答案:
B
【解析】被动语态的用法。
根据句意“每年种很多树来使我们的城市更绿”,可知用被动语态,时间状语为everyyear,因此用一般现在时。
故选B。
2.We'reverygladtoknowthatagreatsportsmeeting_________inGuiyangthisSeptember.
A.willholdB.willbeheldC.willbehold
答案:
B
【解析】这里考查的是将来时的被动语态的结构:
willbe+动词的过去分词。
故选B。
【2011天津】3.Todayalotofinformationcan_____online.
A.receiveB.bereceivedC.isreceivedD.receiving
答案:
B
【解析】被动语态。
今天有很多信息能在网上收到,信息被收到要用被动语态。
含有情态动词的被动语态的构成:
情态动词+be+过去分词。
【2011浙江宁波】4.TherewasabigearthquakeinJapan,butluckilymanypeople_________.
A.saveB.savedC.aresavedD.weresaved
答案:
D
【解析】动词语态。
从前半句可以看出是一般过去时,根据后半句句意,有许多人被救出。
一般过去时态的被动语态结构为was\were+动词的过去分词。
主语manypeople是复数,故用were+过去分词。
【2011山东聊城】5.Aseveryoneknows,rubbish_______everywhere.
A.needbethrownB.mustn’tbethrown
C.can’tthrowD.maythrow
答案:
B
【解析】动词语态。
垃圾rubbish和throw为被动关系,应用被动语态。
排除C和D。
句意为“每人都知道的,到处都禁止扔垃圾”。
Must’t表禁止。
故选B。
20XX年全国各地中考英语单项选择题分类汇总动词被动语态
【2011北京】1.Manyaccidents____ bycarelessdriverslastyear.
A.arecaused B.werecaused
C.havecaused D.willcause
【2011上海】2.Anofficial_____bysomereportersonfoodproblemsinShanghaiyesterday.
A.isinterviewing B.isinterviewed C.wasinterviewing D.wasinterviewed
【2011天津】3.Todayalotofinformationcan_____online.
A.receive B.bereceived C.isreceived D.receiving
【2011重庆】4.I’mgladtofindthatmanytrees_______inourcitylastyear.
A.plant B.planted C.wereplanted D.areplanted
【2011陕西】5.Drivingafterdrinkingwine inChina.
A.allows B.doesn'tallow C.isallowed D.isn'tallowed
【2011安徽】6.Don'tworry.Yourpackage hereuntilyoucomeback,soenjoyshoppinghere.
A.willkeep B.haskept C.willbekept D.hasbeenkept
【2011山东】7.It’struethatShakespeare’splay______bysomanypeopleeveryyear.
A.see B.willsee C.areseeing D.areseen
【2011广东】8.Peoplewhodrinkwine______todriveafterMayDay.
A.don’tallow B.isn’tallowed C.mustn’tallow D.mustn’tbeallowed
【2011江西省】9.—WhathappenedtoBilly?
—He________becauseofhisdrink-driving.
A.iscaught B.wascaught C.hascaught D.hadcaught
【2011河北省】10.TheSpringFestival inJanuaryorFebruary.
A.celebrates B.iscelebrated C.celebrated D.wascelebrated
【2011•河南省】11.Softdrinks__tochildrenforfreeinsomerestaurantsonChildren'sDay.
A.offer B.haveoffered C.areoffered D.willbeoffered
【2011浙江丽水】12.Afriendlybasketballmatchbetweenteachersandstudents_________tomorrowafternoon.Anybodyiswelcome.
A.washeld B.willbeheld C.isheld D.mustbeheld
【2011辽宁沈阳】13.Thecomputerisbroken.___it___today?
A.Will;repair B.Has;repaired
C.Will;berepaired D.Has;beenrepaired
【2011广西桂林】14.Manytreesandflowers________inourcityeveryyear.
A.planted B.areplanted C.wereplanted D.plants
【2011黑龙江绥化市】15.—Suihuaissobeautiful.It'slikeabiggarden.
—Yes.Manytreesandflowers_______inourcityeveryyear.
A.areplanting B.areplanted C.wereplanted
【2011江苏徐州】16.Whenwillthebirthdayparty___,onMondayeveningorTuesdayevening?
A.hold B.beheld C.held D.beholding
【2011内蒙古包头】17.Itwillbetwodaysbeforethedecision_________.
A.hasmade B.willbemade C.wasmade D.ismade.
【2011呼和浩特】18.----DidyougotoJim’sbirthdayparty?
----No,I .
A.haven’tinvited B.didn’tinvite C.amnotinvited D.wasn’tinvited
【2011呼和浩特】19.Atlasttheboywasmade andbegantolaugh.
A.stopcrying B.totostoptocry C.tostopcrying D.stoptocry
【2011四川达州】20.—DoyouknowLucy’sgrandma?
—Ofcourse.Sheisakindwoman,butshehas foraboutamonthsinceshe intheaccident.
A.beendead;waskilled B.died;waskilled
C.beendead;killed D.died;killed
【2011•四川广元】21.English__moreandmorewidely(广泛)today.Sowemustlearnitwell.
A.uses B.used C.isused
【2011•四川南充】22.—Howmanypeoplewill________toyourbirthdayparty?
—Twelve.
A.invite b.beinvited c.beinviting
【2011四川宜宾】23.Computers________widelyinourdailylife.
A.use B.used C.wereused D.areused
【2011•广西柳州】24.Halfofthework______bynow.
A.hasfinished B.hasbeenfinished C.havebeenfinished
【2011湖南岳阳】25.Everyyearlotsoftrees tomakeourcountrymorebeautiful.
A.isplanted B.areplanted C.plant
【2011湖南益阳】26.Hiscarwas bythepolicebecausehedrovetoofast
A.stopping B.stopped C.stop
【2011贵州毕节】27.Helikesreadingverymuch.Mostofhismoney onbooks.
A.is spent B.spend C.spends D.arespent
【2011广西梧州】28.Anewcinema_________inourcitylastyear.
A.built B.wasbuilt C.willbuild D.isbuilt
【2011广东深圳】29.- WhenshouldIhandinmypaper?
—Yourpapermust _ assoonasthebell_ .
A.handin;rings B.handin;willring
C.behandedin;willring D.behandedin:
rings
【2011广西南宁】30.Trees________everyyeartomakeourcitygreener.
A.plant B.areplanted C.wereplanted D.willbeplanted
【2011贵州贵阳】31.We'reverygladtoknowthatagreatsportsmeeting_______inGuiyangthisSeptember.
A.willhold B.willbeheld C.willbehold
【2011四川雅安】32.Alotoftrees______onthehillyesterday.
A.areplanted B.willbeplanted C.havebeenplanted D.wereplanted
【2011山东枣庄】33.Inthepastthechildrenweremade______15hoursaday.
A.tolock B.work C.towork D.lock
【2011山东滨州】34.TheTaiwanspotteddeer,FanXingandDianDian,__________totheChinesemainlandonApril16,2011.
A.havesent B.weresending C.weresent D.hadsent
【2011山东济宁】35.ChinahasofferedmuchhelptoJapansinceit______bytheearthquakeandtsunami(海啸).
A.hits B.ishit C.washit D.willbehit
【2011四川乐山】36.–Whoisthatlittleboyinthephoto,Oscar?
–Oh,it’sme!
It_______whenIwasfiveyearsold.
A.wastaken B.took C.wastaking
【2011浙江台州】37.-HowoftendoIneedtofeedthebird?
-They foodeveryday,ortheywillbehungry.
A.mustgive B.mustn’tgive C.mustbegiven D.mustn’tbegive
【2011浙江宁波】38.TherewasabigearthquakeinJapan,butluckilymanypeople_________.
A.save B.saved C.aresaved D.weresaved
【2011山东聊城】39.Aseveryoneknows,rubbish_______everywhere.
A.needbethrown B.mustn’tbethrownC.can’tthrow D.maythrow
【2011广西广安】40.—Howcleanandtidyyourbedroomis!
—Thankyou.It everyday.
A.cleans B.iscleaned C.wascleaned
【2011•甘肃兰州】41.InmanyplacesinChina,theoldover90 notonlybytheirfamilybutalsobythegovernment.
A.istakinggoodcare B.aretakengoodcareof
C.istakinggoodcareof D.aretakengoodcare
【2011·江苏南京】42.It’sreportedthatNanjingSouthRailwayStation__attheendofthismonth.
A.hasbeencompleted B.iscompleted
C.wascompleted D.willbecompleted
【2011山东威海】43.—Whoisthelittlegirlinthepicture?
—It'sme.Thepicture_________10yearsago.