填料箱盖工艺课程设计说明书.docx
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填料箱盖工艺课程设计说明书
工艺部分······················································································2
1.1有关零件的结构分析和功用·························································2
1.1.1零件的功用···········································································2
1.1.2零件的结构分析······································································2
1.2课题(提供的技术资料)····························································2
1.2.1生产纲领···············································································2
1.2.2技术资料···············································································3
1.3毛坯的种类··············································································3
1.3.1确定毛坯的种类······································································3
1.4定位基准的选择原则··································································3
1.4.1粗基准的选择原则···································································3
1.4.2精基准的选择原则···································································4
1.5工艺规程的拟定········································································4
1.5.1制定工艺规程的原则································································4
1.5.2拟定工艺路线·········································································4
1.6机械加工余量工序尺寸及毛坯尺寸的确定······································4
1.6.1确定加工余量和工序尺寸··························································4
1.6.2确定毛坯尺寸·········································································5
1.7确定切削余量···········································································6
1.7.1确定和计算切削用量································································6
1.8工时定额的确定········································································14
1.8.1计算工时定额·········································································15
结论······························································································18
致谢······························································································18
参考文献························································································19
工艺部分
1.1有关零件的结构分析和功用:
1.1.1零件的功用:
题目所给的零件是ZW-6/7型空气压缩机的填料箱盖(见附图1)主要作用是保证与填料箱体联接后保证密封性,对内表面的加工精度要求比较高,对配合面的表面粗糙度要求也较高。
1.1.2零件的结构分析:
套类零件的主要加工表面有孔、外圆、和端面.其中孔既是装配基准又是设计基准,加工精度和表面粗糙度一般要求较高,内外圆之间的同轴度及端面与孔的垂直度也有一定的技术要求.题目所给填料箱盖有两处加工表面,其间有一定位置要求。
分述如下:
填料箱盖的零件图中规定了一系列技术要求:
(查表1.4-28《机械制造工艺设计手册》)
1.以ф65h5(
)轴为中心的加工表面。
包括:
尺寸为ф65h5(
)的轴,表面粗糙度为1.6,尺寸为ф80的与ф65h5(
)相接的肩面,尺寸为ф100f8(
)与ф65H5(
)同轴度为0.025的面.尺寸为ф60H8(
)与ф65h5(
)同轴度为0.025的孔。
2.以ф60H8(
)孔为中心的加工表面。
尺寸为78与ф60H8(
)垂直度为0.012的孔底面,表面粗糙度为0.4,须研磨。
3.以ф60H8(
)孔为中心均匀分布的12孔,6-ф13.5,4-M10-6H深20孔深24及4-M10-6H。
4.其它未注表面的粗糙度要求为6.3,粗加工可满足要求。
1.2课题(提供的技术资料)
1.2.1生产纲领:
1000件/年
1.2.2技术资料:
(1)选用机床设备参数:
卧式车床C620-1,转塔车床365L,摇臂钻床Z3025,C616,金刚镗床,X63,T60,M115B,研磨机。
(2)选用机床刀具参数:
YG6外圆车刀,切槽刀,φ25、φ13.5、φ8.5麻花钻,φ32扩孔钻,φ43锪孔钻,φ10丝锥,金刚石车刀,YG30、YG10镗刀,端面铣刀,内孔车刀,砂轮G36YA6N20X6X8,金刚玉微分。
(3)选用机床夹具:
三爪卡盘,专用夹具。
(4)选用量具:
卡板,卡尺,塞规,螺纹塞规,粗糙度仪。
1.3毛坯的种类
1.3.1确定毛坯的种类:
零件材料为HT200,考虑到零件材料的综合性能及材料成本和加工成本,保证零件工作的可靠,采用铸造。
由于年产量为1000件,属于中批生产的水平,而且零件轮廓尺寸不大,故可以采用铸造成型。
1.4定位基准的选择原则
1.4.1粗基准的选择原则:
对于一般轴类零件而言,以外圆作为粗基准是完全合理的。
按照有关的粗基准选择原则(保证某重要表面的加工余量均匀时,选该表面为粗基准。
若工件每个表面都要求加工,为了保证各表面都有足够的余量,应选择加工余量最小的表面为粗基准)。
1.4.2精基准的选择原则
按照有关的精基准选择原则(基准重合原则;基准统一原则;可靠方便原则),对于本零件,有中心孔,可以以中心孔作为统一的基准,但是随便着孔的加工,大端的中心孔消失,必须重新建立外圆的加工基面,一般有如下三种方法:
当中心孔直径较小时,可以直接在孔口倒出宽度不大于2MM的锥面来代替中心孔。
若孔径较大,就用小端孔口和大端外圆作为定位基面,来保证定位精度。
采用锥堵或锥套心轴。
精加工外圆亦可用该外圆本身来定位,即安装工件时,以支承轴颈本身找正。
1.5工艺规程的拟定
1.5.1制定工艺规程的原则:
按照先加工基准面,先面后孔、先粗后精的原则,布置工艺路线。
1.5.2拟定工艺路线:
工序Ⅰ车削左右两端面。
工序Ⅱ粗车ф65,ф80,ф75,ф155外圆及倒角。
工序Ⅲ钻ф30孔、扩ф32孔,扩ф47孔。
工序Ⅳ精车ф65外圆及与ф80相接的端面.
工序Ⅴ粗、精、细镗ф60H8(
孔。
工序Ⅵ铣ф60孔底面
工序Ⅶ孔底面
工序Ⅷ镗ф60孔底面沟槽。
工序Ⅸ研磨ф60孔底面。
工序Ⅹ钻6-ф13.5孔,2-M10-6H,4-M10-6H深20孔深24的孔及攻螺纹
工序Ⅺ终检。
1.6机械加工余量工序尺寸及毛坯尺寸的确定
1.6.1确定加工余量和工序尺寸:
(1)外圆表面(ф65、ф80、ф75、ф100、ф91、ф155)考虑到尺寸较多且相差不大,为简化铸造毛坯的外形,现直接按零件结构取为ф86、ф106、ф161的阶梯轴式结构,除ф65以外,其它尺寸外圆表面粗糙度值为R
6.3
um,只要粗车就可满足加工要求。
(2)外圆表面沿轴线长度方向的加工余量及公差。
查《机械制造工艺设计手册》,铸件轮廓尺寸(长度方向>100~160mm,故长度方向偏差为
mm。
长度方向的余量查表,其余量值规定为3.0~3.5mm.现取3.0mm。
(3)
内孔。
毛坯为实心。
两内孔精度要求自由尺寸精度要求,R
为6.3,钻——扩即可满足要求。
(4)内孔ф60H8(
)。
要求以外圆面ф65h5(
)定位,铸出毛坯孔ф30。
查表:
粗镗ф59.52Z=4.5
精镗ф59.92Z=0.4
细镗ф60H8(
)2Z=0.1
(5)ф60H8(
)孔底面加工.
按照《工艺手册》表:
1.研磨余量Z=0.010~0.014取Z=0.010
2.磨削余量Z=0.2~0.3取Z=0.3
3.铣削余量Z=3.0-0.3-0.01=2.69
(6)底面沟槽.采用镗削,经过底面研磨后镗可保证其精度.Z=0.5。
(7)6—
孔及2—M10—6H孔、4—M10—6H深20孔。
均为自由尺寸精度要求。
1.6—
孔可一次性直接钻出。
2.查《工艺手册》表,得攻螺纹前用麻花钻直径为ф8.5的孔。
钻孔ф8.5
攻螺纹M10
1.6.2确定毛坯尺寸
(1)外圆表面(ф65、ф80、ф75、ф100、ф91、ф155)考虑到尺寸较多且相差不大,为简化铸造毛坯的外形,现直接按零件结构取为ф86、ф106、ф161的阶梯轴式结构。
(2)外圆表面沿轴线长度方向的加工余量及公差,查表可取余量3.0mm。
(3)
内孔。
毛坯为实心。
(4)内孔ф60H8(
)铸出毛坯孔ф54。
1.7确定切削余量
1.7.1确定和计算切削用
工序Ⅰ:
车削端面、外圆:
本工序采用计算法确定切削用量
工件材料:
HT200,铸造。
加工要求:
粗车ф65、ф155端面及ф65、ф80、ф75、ф100,ф155外圆,表面粗糙度值R
为6.3。
机床:
C620—1卧式车床。
刀具:
刀片材料为YG6,刀杆尺寸为16mm×25mm,k
=90°,r
=15°
=12
r
=0.5mm。
计算切削用量:
(1)粗车ф65、ф155两端面