精选届高三英语一轮复习Unit3Inventorsandinventions教师用书新人教版选修8.docx
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精选届高三英语一轮复习Unit3Inventorsandinventions教师用书新人教版选修8
Unit3 Inventorsandinventions
一、单词——
写得准
用得活(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1.passiveadj. 被动的;消极的;被动语态的
2.seizevt.抓住;捉住;夺
3.bearvt.忍受.忍耐.负担
4.associatevt.联想(系)n.同(伙)伴→associationn.联系
5.distinguishv.显示……的差别;使……有所不同;辨别→distinguishedadj.著名的;卓越的
6.mercifuladj.宽大(仁慈)的;慈悲的→mercilessadj.残忍的;无情的→mercyn.宽恕;仁慈
7.convenientadj.便利(方便/就近)的→conveniencen.方便;便利→convenientlyadv.便利地
8.cautionn.小心;谨慎→cautiousadj.小心的;谨慎的→cautiouslyadv.小心地;谨慎地
petencen.能力;胜任;本领→competentadj.能胜任的;称职的;有能力的
10.abruptadj.突然的;意外的→abruptlyadv.突然地
11.practicaladj.实际(践/用)的→practicen.实践;练习→impracticaladj.不明智(
现实)的
12.expectationn.预料;期待(望)→expectv.预料;期待;期望;认为
13.innocentadj.清白的;天真的;无罪的→innocencen.天真;清白
14.recognitionn.认出;认可;承认→recognizevt.认出;识别;承认
15.freezingadj.冰冻的;严寒的→freezev.冰冻→frozenadj.冻结的
16.occasionallyadv.偶然地;不时地→occasionaladj.偶然的→occasionn.时机;机会;场合
1.Hetookmeasurestomakeuphisfault,whichreceivedourrecognition(recognize).
2.Yoursuggestionsoundsreasonableandpractical(practice).Ithinkitdeservestobediscussedatthenextmeeting.
3.Whentheiceisheatedabovefreezing(freeze)point,itbeginstochangeintoaliquidstate.
4.Ifnobodycanproveyourinnocence,_howcanyousayyouareinnocent?
(innocent)
5.Heisacautiousmanandisalwaysdoingthingswithcaution.Youshouldgetonwithhimcautiously.(caution)
6.YoucanvisitProfessorLiwhenitisconvenient,_thatis,athisconvenience.Hishouseisconveniently_nearthebusstop.(convenient)
7.Inwesterncountries,thenumber“thirteen”isusuallyassociatedwithbadluck,butactuallythereisn'tanyassociationbetweenthem.(associate)
8.Themercilesskingshowednomercyandkil
ledalltheprisoners.(merciful)
⇩
1.后缀ive形容词集锦
①active 主动的
②passive被动的
③positive积极的
④negative消极的
⑤subjective主观的
⑥expensive昂贵的
2.表示“抓住”的相关词语一览
①seizevt. 抓住;捉住
②catchvt.抓住;接住
③graspvt.抓住;掌握
④catchholdof抓住
⑤getholdof抓住
3.含fore前缀的单词面面观
①foreheadn. 额头
②forearmn.前臂
③forecastvt.预报
④foreseevt.预见
⑤forewordn.前言
⑥foretellv.预言;预示
二、短语——
写得准
用得活(选用左栏短语填空)
1.call_up 给……打电话;使想起
2.now_and_then_偶尔;有时
3.set_about_开始;着手
4.dive_into一心投入
5.set_out_(to_do)开始(做)
6.hang_on不挂断;稍等;紧紧握住
7.out_of_order次序颠倒;发生故障
8.get_through打通电话;通过;度过
9.ring_back回复电话
10.ring_off挂断电话
1.Theenginesoftheshipwereout_of_order_andthebadweatheraddedtothehelplessnessofthecrewatsea.
2.Sorrytohearthatyou'vefailedtheexam.Ifonlyyouhadset_about_therevisionearlier.
3.Manymemoriesofoldtimeswerecalled_upbytheconversationwehadtogetherthatevening.
4.It'stheloveandresponsibilitythathavedrivenhimtoget_throughmanyhardshipsandsurvive.
⇩
1.“有时”词汇全接触
①nowandthen 偶尔;有时
②nowandagain不时;时而
③fromtimetotime不时
2.“v.+into”结构的短语荟萃
①diveinto 一心投入
②burstinto 突然闯入
③runinto撞上
⑤knockinto撞上
④lookinto调查
⑥breakinto破门而入
三、句式——
背原句
明句式
学仿写
1.Thecriteriaaresostrictthatitisdifficulttogetnewideasacceptedunlesstheyaretrulynovel.
(评定)专利标准是很严格的,除非新的想法真是新颖的,否则很难被接受。
so...that...“如此……以至于……”,引导结果状语从句。
他的发明如此实用以至于很快就获得了专利。
Hisinventionwasso_practical_thathesoongotapatent.
2.Followitup,exploreallaroundit,andbeforeyouknowit,youwillhavesomethingworththinkingabouttooccupyyourmind.
跟踪下去,不断探索,不知不觉中你就会发现某种值得思考的东西占据着你的头脑。
本句为“祈使句+and/or/otherwise+陈述句”结构。
给我一次机会,我会给你一个惊喜。
Give_me_a_chance,_andI'llgiveyouawonderfulsurprise.
Greatinventionschangetheworldandtheyhelppeopleliveabetterlife.Weallknowthatinventorsarealldistinguishedfortheirscientificachievements,suchasAlexanderGrahamBellandThomasEdison.Asweknow,inventorsoftenassociatetheirnewideaswiththeirnewinventions.Cheerup,andyoucanalsoinventyournewthings.
1.distinguishvt.&vi.显示……的差别;使……有所不同;辨别
(1)distinguishbetweenAand区分A和B
distinguish...from...……与……区分开来
distinguishoneselfas...)(作为……)而出名
(2)distinguishedadj.越的;著名的;杰出的
bedistinguishedfor...……而出名
bedistinguishedas...为……而出名
①Readinggoodbookscannotonlyenrichourmindsbutalsoteachustodistinguishbetweenrightandwrong.
阅读好书既能丰富我们的知识又能教我们分辨是非。
②It'simportanttodistinguishrealityfromdreams.(2015·广东高考)
重要的是要把现实与梦想区别开来。
③Asfarasweallknow,LangPinghasalreadydistinguishedherself_asagreatvolleyballcoachintheworld.
众所周知,郎平作为优秀的排球教练在世界上已享有盛名。
2.associatevt.
联想;联系n.同伴,伙伴
(1)associate...with... ……与……联系起来
associatewithsb.某人交往/联系
beassociatedwith……有关
(2)associationn.合;联想;交往;协会;社团
inassociationwith……联合/有关联
①WenaturallyassociatethenameofDarwinwiththetheoryofevolution.
我们自然会把达尔文的名字与进化论联系起来。
②Therearemanyserioushealthproblemswhichareassociated(associate)withsmoking.
有很多严重的健康问题都与吸烟有关。
③Weareworkinginassociation(associate)withalocalcompanytoraisemoneyforthehomeless.
我们与一家当地公司联合为无家可归的人筹钱。
3.“祈使句+and+陈述句”句式
Follow_it_up,_explore_all_around_it,_andbeforeyouknowit,youwillhavesomethingworththinkingabouttooccupyyourmind.
跟踪下去,不断探索,不知不觉中你就会发现某种值得思考的东西占据着你的头脑。
(1)祈使句+and+陈述句=If...,+主句
(2)祈使句+or/orelse/otherwise+陈述句=If...
not...,+主句
(3)名词词组+and+陈述句
①Followyourdoctor'sadvice,and_you_will_get_better_soon.
接受医生的建议,你很快就会好的。
②Hurryup,or/or_else/otherwise_you_will_be_late.
快点,否则你会迟到的。
③Itisreallyverydangerous.Onemorestep,and_the_baby_will_fall_into_the_well.
真危险。
再多迈一步,这个小孩就会掉进井里。
[名师指津] 上述方框中各结构后面的陈述句多用“一般将来时态”。
XiaoLing'sfathercan'tbeartheinconveniencethatheoftenforgetswherehisdoorkeysare.Andthiscallshimupthathemustinventakindofkeythatisneverlost.Inthiscase,hefinallyinventsanintelligentkeythatcanmakesoundswhenitisleftbehindbyhisowner.Moreimportantly,itcanalsobelocatedbyyourphone.Ifyouareinterestedinhisinvention,youcangethimthroughbyhisemail:
Iloveinvention@.
4.bearvt.(bore,borne)忍受;忍耐;负担;承担;记住;生育;结果实
[一词多义] 写出下列句中bear的含义
①WhydoIhavetobearallthecostsofrepair?
负担;承担
②Hecan'tbearbeinglaughedatinpublic.忍受
③Shedidbearahealthybabyinhospitalyesterday.生育
④Someofthenewlyplantedappletreeshavealsobeguntobear.结果实
(1)can'tbeardoing/todosth. 能忍受做某事
can'tbearsb./sb.'sdoingsth.能忍受某人做某事
(2)bear/keepsth.inmind住某事
bear/keepinmindthat...住……
⑤Ican'tbearyoungpeoplecasting(cast)awaytheiryouth.
我无法忍受年轻人虚掷青春。
⑥Pleasebear_in_mind:
_Successcomesfromhardworkwhilelazinessleadstofailure.
请牢记:
成功源于勤奋,懒惰导致失败。
5.callup给……打电话;使想起
callat 访(某个地点)
calloff消;停止
callon/upon访(某人);号召;需求
callfor公开)要求;呼吁;需要;去接(某人)
callin请;请来
①Thesoundofseagullscalled_uphishappymemoriesofhischildhood.
海鸥的叫声唤起他对童年的幸福的记忆。
②Theirtravelplanwascalled_offbecauseof
thebadweather.
因为天气不好,他们的旅行计划取消了。
③Successinschoolcalls
formuchhardwork.
在学校的成功需要付出大量的辛勤工作。
[联想发散] 与“打电话”有关的短语还有:
①ringup ……打电话
②ring/callback复电话
③ringoff断电话
④givesb.aring/call某人打电话
⑤hang/holdon挂断电话
6.getthrough设法联系上(尤指打通电话);(设法)做完;通过;度过;用完;耗尽
[一词多义] 写出下列句中getthrough的含义
①Imanagedtogetthroughthegameandthepainwasworthitintheend.设法做完
②Icouldn'tgetthroughtohimbecausehistelephonewasoutofordernowandthen.打通电话
③Luckily,thegapinthefencewasjustwideenoughforthesheeptogetthrough.通过
④Thelittleboygotthroughallhismoneyinjustoneweekandhadtoaskhismomforsomemore.用完
get(sth.)across(tosb.)使某事)被(某人)理解
getalongwithsb.某人相处;进展
getawaywithsth.某物潜逃;不因某事受惩罚
getdownto(doing)sth.始做某事;认真处理某事
getover过……;克服(困难);从……中恢复过来
⑤Hefeltv
eryashamedtoget_away_withafineforsuchaseriousmistake.
逃脱了这么严重错误的惩罚,他感到非常羞愧。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Whatwasitthatdistinguishedherfromherclassmates?
2.WemustalwaysbearinmindthatChinaisabigcountrywithahugepopulation.
3.Theexhibitionwasorganizedbytheschoolinassociation(associate)withlocalartists.
4.Whenyoucometoschool,pleasevisitmyofficeatyourconvenience_(convenient).
5.Theserviceoffersyoungpeoplepractical_(practice)adviceonfindingajob.
6.Whetherornotthesecretarywillbefiredisatthemercy(merciful)ofherboss.
7.Ibelievethatyouar
einnocent(innocence),andI'llstandupforyouanywhere.
8.Weallhavean_expectation(expect)thathecanpassthedrivingtestnextweek.
9.Ihavefilledintheformandfiled(file)mypatentapplicationwiththePatentOffice.
10.Inmyopinion,onlybyfacingdifficultiesbravelyandseizing(seize)opportunitiescanonesucceed.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.Distinguishingforitsdiligenceandcourage,theChineseNationhasattractedtheattentionfromtheworld.Distinguishing→Distinguished
2.Sometimesteacherswillinformstudentsoftheheavyburdenthestudentshavetobearwith.去掉with
3.Theteacher'sabruptlyendingspeakingcanmakesomestudentsfocustheirattentionontheirlistening.abruptly→abrupt
4.Thenewgovernmentmustsetoutfindingsolutionstothecountry'seconomicproblems.out→about
5.Itissocoldandfrozenthatwehavetostayathome.frozen→freezing
6.Wecouldhearawomanwassingingmerryinthenextroom.merry→merrily
Ⅲ.选词填空
outoforder,hangon,getthrough,ringoff,nowandthen,dive...into...,setabout,callup
1.BeforeIgavemynameherang_off,_whichmademeveryangry.
2.Havingmadeuphismind,heset_about_carryingouttheplan.
3.Someone_called_up_fromdowntownandaskedtoseeyouatfive.
4.Ifyouhang_on_forawhile,IwillgoandseeifIcanfindyourmother.
5.Thethiefdivedhishandintomyhandbagandrobbedthewalletandranaway.
6.Icheckedthefilesandsomeofthepaperswereout_of_order.Youhadbettersortthemout.
7.ThegirlgoestovisitherEnglishteachernow_and_thenwhoretiredfromschoolla