Unit 10 课文新.docx
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Unit10课文新
Unit10TheTrialThatRocked（causegreatshockandsurpriseto）theWorld
Abuzz（thesoundofmanypeoplewhisperingortalkinginlowtones）ranthroughthecrowd（spreadamongthepeoplewhohadcometowatchthetrial）asItookmyplaceinthepackedcourt（asIwenttomyseatinthecourtwhichwascrowdedwiththepeople）onthatswelteringJulydayin1925.The1.counselformydefense（thegroupoflawyersdefendingme）wasthefamouscriminallawyer（alawyerwhoisgoodatthecriminallaw）ClarenceDarrow.Leadingcounsel（thechieflawyer）fortheprosecutionwasWilliamJenningsBryan,thesilver-tonguedorator,threetimesDemocraticnomineeforPresidentoftheUnitedStates,andleaderofthefundamentalistmovementthathadbroughtaboutmytrial.
1.runthrough1）跑着穿过…
Runningthroughtheforestinthedark,theboysweregreatlyafraid.
孩子们在黑暗中穿过树林,心里非常害怕。
2）（使）在…流过
Theriverrunsthroughseveralundergroundcaveswhichstorethewaterforthecity'suse.
这条河流经几处贮存城市用水的地下蓄水池。
3）匆匆查阅
Pleaserunthroughthesenamesagainfromthetopofthelist.
请将这些名字从头至尾再看一遍。
4）贯穿
Afeelingofsadnessrunsthroughhispoetry.
一种悲伤感贯穿于他的诗歌。
2.counsel1）辩护律师,法律顾问
Thejudgeaskedcounselforthedefensetoexplain.
法官要求被告的辩护律师做出解释。
2）忠告,劝告
Listentothecounselofyourelders.
听从长辈们的劝告吧。
counsellor顾问
3.trial1）审判,审理
He'sstandingtrialforthieving.
他正因涉嫌偷窃而接受审判。
2）测试,试验,考验
Weshallputthemachinetofurthertrial.
我们将进一步试验这部机器。
3）讨厌的人[事物],忧虑[麻烦]的原因
Therecordernextdoorisagreattrialtous.
隔壁邻居的那台录音机响得真是让人受不了。
trialanderror反复试验,从失败中找到解决办法
Theydidn'tknowhowtoputinacentralheatingsystem,buttheymanageditbytrialanderror.
他们不知道怎样安装集中供暖设备,但是经过反复试验终于安装好了。
AfewweeksbeforeIhadbeen2.unknownschoolteacherinDayton,alittletowninthemountainsofTennessee.NowIwasinvolvedinatrialreportedtheworldover.（AllofasuddenIfoundmyselfinatrialwhichwasreportedallovertheworld）Seatedincourt,（bepresentincourt）readytotestifyonmybehalf,（preparedtosubmitevidencetosupportme）wereadozendistinguished（renowned,eminent,recognizedforexcellence）professorsandscientists,ledbyProfessorkirtleyMatherofHarvardUniversity.Morethan100reporterswereonhand,（present,available）andevenradioannouncers,whoforthefirsttimeinhistoryweretobroadcastajurytrial.“Don’tworry,son,we’llshowthenafewtricks,”（wehavesomecleverwaystosurprisethem）Darrowhadwhisperedthrowingareassuringarmroundmyshoulder（puttinghisarminaninformal,friendlywasaroundmeinareassuringmanner,afriendlygesturetoputJohnatease.Obviously,thearmcan’tbereassuring;thefigureofspeechusedhereisatransferredepithet）aswewerewaitingforthecourttoopen.（waitingforthetrialtobegin）
4.unknown1）未知的
Anunknownmanhasstolenallhermoney.
一个陌生人把她的钱偷光了。
2）不出名的,知名度不高的
Untillastyearhewasstillanunknownsinger,butnowhisnamehasbecomeahouseholdword.
去年以前他还一直是位默默无闻的歌手,可如今他的名字已家喻户晓了。
3）n.不知名或不出名的人或事物
Therearemanyunknownsinscience.
科学上还有许多未知之处。
unknowncondition未知条件
unknownquantity难以预测的人〔事〕
Tohertheoutsideworldwasatotallyunknownquantity.
对她来说,外部世界完全是个未知数。
5.testify作证;证明
Thefingerprintexpertwasaskedtotestifyatthetrial.
指纹专家应邀出庭作证。
6.behalf方面,利益,赞同
7.onhand在手边,在附近;在场
Mr.Blake'ssecretaryisalwaysonhandwhenheappearsinpublic.
布雷先生在公开场合露面时,他的秘书总在场。
athand在手边,在附近,即将来临
Soonschoolwillendandthevacationwillbeathand.
学期快结束了,假期即将到来。
byhand用手的,亲自的
Wereceivedatypewrittenletterwithanoteaddedbyhand.
我们收到一封用打字机打出的信,附有手写的一张字条。
Thecasehaderuptedroundmyhead（Thecasehadcomedownuponmeunexpectedlyandviolently,Iwassuddenlyengulfedbythewholeaffair）notlongafterIarrivedinDaytonassciencemasterandfootballcoachatthesecondaryschool.（highschool,equivalentofmiddleschoolinChina）Foranumberofyearsaclashhadbeenbuildingup（theconflicthadbeenmoreandmoreintense;buildup:
todevelop,extendgraduallyandsteadily）betweenthefundamentalistsandthemodernists.Thefundamentalistsadheredto（believein,followdevotedly）aliteralinterpretation（word-forwordexplanation）oftheOldTestament.Themodernists,ontheotherhand,acceptedthetheoryadvanced（putforward,propose）byCharlesDarwin---thatallanimallife,includingmonkeysandmen,hadinvolvedfromacommonancestor.
8,Case:
1）事例,实例
Couldyougiveusaconcretecase?
你能不能给我们举个具体事例?
2）实情,情况
Actually,itisnotthecase.
实际上,情况不是这样的。
3）病例,病症,患者
Casesofsmallpoxarebecomingrare.
天花病例日益罕见。
4）案件；诉讼
InthiscaseI'mactingformyfriendMrSmith.
我在这次诉讼中代表我的朋友史密斯的利益。
Thecasewassettledoutofcourt.这案件在庭外解决。
5）〈语法〉格thenominativecase主格
incase以防；可能；倘若
Takeahatwithyouincasethesunisveryhot.倘若太阳很利害，你就把帽子戴上。
incaseof如果；万一Incaseofraintheycan'tgo.万一下雨，他们就不能去了。
9.buildup1）逐步建立,增进,增强
Thepressureontheenemyisbuildingup.
对敌人的压力在不断加强。
2）（在某个地方）盖满了建筑物
TheareahasbeenbuiltupsinceIlivedhere.
自从我住到这里以来,这个地区已盖满了房子。
3）宣扬,夸赞,吹捧（某人或某物）
He'sbuildingmeuptoomuch—Imaydisappointhim.
他将我捧上了天,我可能会令他失望。
10.ontheotherhand在另一方面
Ontheotherhand,manywomenchoosetogoouttowork.
另一方面,许多妇女又选择外出工作。
11.involve:
involvein使参与〔陷入,牵扯到〕
Don'tinvolvemeinyourquarrel.
不要把我卷进你们的争吵中。
involvewith与（某人）有密切关系
Don'tinvolveyourselfwiththosepeople.
不要和那些人混在一起。
involvement参与;加入;插手
FundamentalismswerestronginTennessee,andthestatelegislaturehadrecentlypassedalawprohibitingtheteachingof“anytheorythatdeniesthestoryofcreation（refusingtobelievethatallhumanbeingsaredescendedfromAdamandEve,whowerecreatedbyGod）astaughtintheBible.”Thenewlawwasaimedsquarelyat（pointdirectlyto）Darwin’stheoryofevolution.Anengineer,GeorgeRappelyea,usedtoarguewiththelocalpeopleagainstthelaw.Duringonesuchargument,Rappelyeasaidthatnobodycouldteachbiologywithoutteachingevolution.SinceIhadbeenteachingbiology,Iwassentfor.（Theysentsomebodytogetme）
12.Prohibit:
Toforbidbyauthority:
禁止：
由权威禁止
Thelawprohibitstheuseofopium.
Theyprohibitedusfromborrowingthesebooks.
Thisisprohibitedbylaw
Forbid:
Tocommand（someone）nottodosomething:
referringtotrivialthings.
Thedoctorforbidshimwine.
Youareforbiddentostayputaftermidnight.
Wineisabsolutelyforbiddentoallthechildren.
Parkingforbidden.
Ban:
语气较重,含严厉谴责的意思.
Theythreatenedtobanthebook.
Thisfilmisbanned.
Hewasbannedfromenteringthecity.
13.aimat1）（以…）瞄准;针对,以…为目标
Hedrewhispistolandaimedattheenemysoldier.
他拔出枪对准敌兵。
2）计划,打算
Heaimedattheappleandorange.
他想要苹果和橘子。
14.sendfor1）召唤,派人去叫;派人去取
Thebosshassentforme.
老板派人叫我。
2）申请;订购
Ihavesentforadozencopiesofthebook.
这本书我订购了12本。
sendaway遣走,解雇
Pleasedon'tsendmeaway;Iwanttobenearyou!
请不要把我撵走,我想待在你身边!
\
“Rappelyeaisright,:
Itoldthem.
“Thenyouhavebeenviolatingthelaw,“oneofthensaid.
“Sohaseveryotherteacher,”（everyotherteacherhasaswell;alltheotherbiologyteachershavealsobeenviolatingthelaw）Ireplied.“EvolutionisexplainedinHunter’sCivicBiology,（生物学基础）andthat’sourtextbook.”
Rappelyeathenmadeasuggestion.“Let’stakethisthingtocourt,“hesaid,“andtestthelegalityofit.（Let’saccuseScopesofteachingevolutionandletthecourtdecidewhetherheisbreakingthelawornot）“
15.Suggestionc:
1）建议,意见
Yoursuggestionsareunworkable.
你的建议是行不通的。
2）细微的迹象
Idetectedasuggestionofmaliceinhisremarks.
我觉察出他说的话略带恶意。
suggestionbox意见箱,建议箱
WhenIwasindictedonMay7,noone,leastofallI,（I,lessthananyoneelse）anticipatedthatmycasewouldsnowballintooneofthemostfamoustrialsinU.S.history.（IwasthelastonetoexpectthatmycasewouldgrowintooneofthemostfamoustrialsinU.S.history）TheAmericanCivilLibertiesUnion.announcedthatitwouldtakemycasetotheU.S.SupremeCourtifnecessaryto“establish（tomakesomethingrecognizedofficially）thatateachermaytellthetruthwithoutbeingsenttojail.“ThenBryanvolunteeredtoassistthestateinprosecutingme.（Sincethecaserevolvesaroundastatelaw,thestateofTennesseeistheoffendedparty;itisthestatewhichprosecutesScopes.ThusthetrialwouldbecalledtheStateofTennesseevs.JohnScopes.BryanvolunteeredtobelawyeronbehalfoftheState）Immediatelytherenowned（formal,famous;distinguished）lawyerClarenceDarrowofferedhisservices（friendlyhelp）todefendme.Ironically,IhadnotknownDarrowbeforemytrialbutIhadmetBryanwhenhehadgivenatalkatmyuniversity.（Referstoincongruitybetweenwhatmighthavebeenexpectedandactuallyhappened.OnewouldhaveexpectedthathewouldhaveknownDarrow,whowasgoingtodefendhimandnothaveknownBryanwhowasgoingtoprosecutehim）Iadmiredhim,althoughIdidnotagreewithhisviews.
16..Announce:
Toprovideanindicationofbeforehand;foretell:
预示：
事先提供暗示；预示：
Theinventionofthemicrochipannouncedanewgenerationofcomputers.
微晶片的发明预示了新一代的计算机
ThePresidentannouncedhiscabinetappointment.
Declare:
Tomakeknownformallyorofficially宣告，公告：
正式地或通过官方使…为人所知
Thecourtdeclaredthathewasguilty.
Thegovernmentdeclaredastateofemergency.
Proclaim:
公布,（用于正式场合,指重大事件,主语只能是权力机关或政府部门.
In1949ChairmanMaoproclaimedthefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChina.
TheMayorproclaimedMondayasacityholiday.
17.ifnecessary如必要的话
ifpossible如果可能的话
I'llhelpyouifpossible.
如果可能的话,我会帮助你。
ifyoulike如果你喜欢
Wecangooutifyoulike.
你如果喜欢,我们可以出去。
ifyouplease如果
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