江西省新余市高考英语 阅读理解完形填空专题训练4.docx

江西省新余市高考英语 阅读理解完形填空专题训练4.docx

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江西省新余市高考英语阅读理解完形填空专题训练4

新余市2014高考英语阅读理解、完形填空专题训练（4）附答案

维A阅读理解（每题2分，满分8分）

（2012·广东卷）“Haveaniceday！

”maybeapleasantgestureorameaninglessexpression.WhenmyfriendMaxiesays“Haveaniceday”withasmile，Iknowshesincerelycaresaboutwhathappenstome.Ifeellovedandsecuresinceanotherpersoncaresaboutmeandwishesmewell.

“Haveaniceday.Next！

”Thisversionoftheexpressionisspokenbyasalesgirlatthesupermarketwhoisrushingmeandmygroceriesoutthedoor.Thewordscomeoutinthesametone（腔调）withafixedprocedure.They_are_spoken_at_me，nottome.Obviously，theconcernformydayandeveryoneelse'sisthemanagement'sattempttoincreasebusiness.

Theexpressionisoneofthosebehaviorsthathelppeoplegetalongwitheachother.Sometimesitindicatestheendofameeting.Assoonasyouhearit，youknowthemeetingisatanend.Sometimestheexpressionsavesuswhenwedon'tknowwhattosay.“Oh，youjusthadatoothout？

I'mterriblysorry，buthaveaniceday.”

Theexpressioncanbepleasant.Ifastrangersays“Haveaniceday”toyou，youmayfinditheartwarmingbecausesomeoneyoudon'tknowhastriedtobenicetoyou.

Althoughtheuseoftheexpressionisaninsincere，meaninglesssocialcustomattimes，thereisnothingwrongwiththesentenceexceptthatitisalittleuninteresting.Thesalesgirl，thewaitress，theteacher，andallthecountlessotherswhospeakitwithoutthinkingmaynotreallycareaboutmyday.Butinastrangeandcomfortableway，it'snicetoknowtheycareenoughtopretendtheycarewhentheyreallydon'tcareallthatmuch.Whiletheexpressionmaynotoftenbesincere，itisalwaysspoken.Thepointisthatpeoplesayitallthetimewhentheylike.

【语篇解读】本文论述了“Haveaniceday”在不同的场合的不同含义。

1．HowdoestheauthorunderstandMaxie'swords?

A．Maxieshowsheranxietytotheauthor.

B．Maxiereallywishestheauthoragoodday.

C．Maxieencouragestheauthortostayhappy.

D．Maxiereallyworriesabouttheauthor'ssecurity.

答案　B　[考查细节理解。

根据第一段最后两句可知，作者认为当她的朋友Maxie对她说“Haveaniceday”时，Maxie是真心地祝愿作者有美好的一天。

]

2．WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2mean?

A．Thesalesgirlisrude.

B．Thesalesgirlisbored.

C．Thesalesgirlcaresaboutme.

D．Thesalesgirlsaysthewordsasaroutine.

答案　D　[考查句意理解。

根据画线部分的上下文内容可推知，售货员用相同的腔调说这句话，这只是她为了增加业务的例行程序。

]

3．Bysaying“Haveaniceday，”astrangermay________.

A．trytobepolitetoyou

B．expressrespecttoyou

C．givehisblessingtoyou

D．sharehispleasurewithyou

答案　A　[考查推理判断。

根据第四段中的“becausesomeoneyoudon'tknowhastriedtobenicetoyou”可推知，当陌生人对你说这句话时，他是为了让你感觉他很友好。

文中的“tobenicetoyou”与A项中的“tobepolitetoyou”含义相同，故选A项。

]

4．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A．HaveaNiceDay—aSocialCustom

B．HaveaNiceDay—aPleasantGesture

C．HaveaNiceDay—aHeartwarmingGreeting

D．HaveaNiceDay—aPoliteEndingofaConversation

答案　A　[考查主旨大意。

本文讲的是“Haveaniceday”这句话在不同的场合的不同理解。

再根据最后一段第一句可知，A项作为本文标题最合适，其他三项说法片面。

]

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Pollutionisreducingthefragrance（芬芳）ofplantsandthuspreventingbeesfrompollinating（授粉）them—endangeringoneofthemostessentialcyclesofnature,anewstudysuggests.

Thepotentiallyhugelysignificantresearch,fundedbyUSNationalScienceFoundation,hasfoundthatgasesmainlyformedfromtheemissions（排放）ofcarspreventflowersfromattractingbeesandotherinsectstopollinatethem.Andthescientistswhohaveconductedthestudyfearthati

nsects’abilitiestodriveawayenemiesandattractmatesmayalsobedisturbed.

ProfessorJoseFuentes,wholedthestudy,said,“Scentmolecules（香味分子）producedbyflowersinalesspollutedenvironmentcouldtravelforroughly1,000to1,200meters.Buttodaytheymaytravelonly200to300meters.Thismakesitincreasinglydifficultforbeesandotherinsectstolocatetheflowers.”

Theresearchers,whoworkedonthemoleculeso

fsnapdragons（金鱼草）,foundthatthemoleculesarevolatile（易挥发的）andquicklybondwithpollutants,mainlyformedfromvehicle（车辆）emissions.Thischemicallychangesthemoleculessothattheynolongersmelllikeflowers.Aharmfulcycleisthereforesetupwhereinsectsstruggletogetenoughfoodandtheplantsdonotgetpollinateden

oughtomultiply.

Alreadybees,whichpollinatemostoftheworld’scrops,areinsuchagreatdeclinethathasneverbeenknownbeforeinBritainandacrossmuchoftheglobe.AtleastaquarterofAmerica’s2.5millionhoneybeecolonieshavebeenmysteriouslywipedoutbycolonycollapsedisorder（CCD）,wherehivesarefoundsuddenlydeserted.

Thecrisis（危机）hasnowspreadtoEurope.PoliticiansinsistthatCCDhasnotyetbeenfoundinBritain,butconsideringthepresentnumberofbees,theagricultureministerLordRookertablebed.Birdsalsofindhassentthewarning,“Thehoneybeepopulationcouldbewipedoutin10years.”

Althoughtheresearchersarenotcertainwhetherthisistherealca

useofCCD,theysaythatpollutionismakinglifemoredifficultforbeesandotherinsectsinmanyways.

72.Inwhatwayd

oespollutionpreventflowersfromattractingbees?

A.Byshorteningthedistancetraveledbythescentmoleculesofflowers.

B.Bydisturbingthebees’abilitytoattractmates.

C.Byweakeningthebees’abilitytofightagainstenemies.

D.Bystoppingflowersfromgivingofffragrance.

73.Whatharmdoesthedecreasingnumberofbeesdotohumanbeings?

A.Itwillcausehumansnottogetenoughhoney.

B.Itwillreducethefoodsuppliesfortheworld.

C.Humanswillhavetodependonotherinsectstopollinateplants.

D.Humanswillfindithardtodealwiththedesertedbeehives.

74.Fromthepassagewecanknowthat.

A.Europeisaffe

ctedgreatlybyCCD

B.CCDhasdestroyedmostofthehoneybeecoloniesinEurope

C.nohoneybeeswillbefoundallovertheworldinthenearfuture

D.EuropeanofficialshavepaidmuchattentiontoCCD

75.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.TrafficPollutionPutsBeesinDanger

B.TrafficPollutionistoBlameforCCD

C.PollutionMakesFlowersLoseTheirScent

D.PollutionCausestheDecrease

inFlowers

参考答案、

68—71CADB

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单词拼写（每小题1分，满分10分）

根据下列各句句意和空白之后的汉语提示词，在横线上写出对应单词的正确、完整形式，每空只写一词。

1．Somefriendsofhersattendedher________（生日）partylastSaturday.

2．________（出席）atthemeetingwerehighofficialsfromRussia.

3．Now，sir，couldyoutellmeyournameand________（地址）?

4．Recently，wehavehelda________（圣诞节）partyandgottogetherwithforeignstudents.

5．Ireally________（钦佩）students'hardworkandperseverance.

6．Wecaughtayoungman________（偷窃）awatchfromthecounter.

7．IfI________（碰巧）tomeetaninjuredperson，Iwoulddofirstaid.

8．Itisbadforyoutooffer________（香烟）toothers.

9．Uponarrival，webegantoplantyoungtrees________（立刻）．

10．The________（奖）wenttoaHollywoodactorlastyear.

答案　

1.birthday　2.Present　3.address　4.Christmas

5．admire　6.stealing　7.happened　

8.cigarettes　9.immediately/instantly　10.award/prize

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Hospitalsnotonlytreatinfections—theycanalsocausethem.

IntheUnitedStatesalone,thenumberofinfectionsinhospitalsisestimatedatclosetotwomillioneachyear.Aboutonehundredthousandpatientsdie.

Anewgovernmentreportnotesthatverylittleprogresshasbeenmadeinreducingwhatarecalledhealthcare-associatedinfections.Themostcommonareinfectionsoftheurinarytract（尿路）,surgicalsiteandbloodstream.

Manyinfectionshavebeenincreasingevenashospitalshavemadeeffortstoimprove.Aboutfortypercentofallhealthcare-associatedinfectionsarelinkedtotheuseofcatheters.Atubeisplacedinsidethebodytocollecturine（尿液）,sothepatientdoesnothavetogetoutofbed.

Butthelatestreportsaysurinarytractinfectionsaftersurgeryincreasedmorethanthreeandahalfpercent.Itsayscathetersshouldbeusedonlyifnecessary.

Anotherwaytopreventinfectionsistogivepatientsantibioticsbeforesurgery.Doctorsareadvisedtogivethemwithinthehourbeforetheoperation.Patientswhogetantibioticsearlierthanonehouraremorelikelytogetaninfectedsurgicalwound.Also,doctorsareadvisedtodiscontinuetheantibioticswithintwenty-fourhoursafterthesurgery.Thereportsayslongerthanthatisusuallynotnecessary.Itcanincreasetheriskofantibioticresistance.

KathleenSebeliusissecretaryofhealthandhumanservices.Shenotedthatracialandethnicminoritieswerelesslikelytohaveinsuranceandlesslikelytogetthetreatmentstheyneeded.Shecalledthereportnumbers"troubling."

ButshealsosaidthehealthcarereformspassedbyCongresswillimprovethequalityofcareforallAmericans.Shesaidthenewlawwillrewardqualityoverquantityofcare,creatingasystemthatpreventsdiseasesbeforemorecostlytreatmentisrequired.

49.Whatdowelearnabouthealthcare-associatedinfectionsfromthispassage?

A.ItisanewdiseasethatisdiscoveredbyAmericandoctors.

B.ItisnotreportedinothercountriesbuttheUnitedStates.

C.Itisconnectedwithwhatdoctorsdototreattheirpatients.

D.Itissodeadlythatitkillstwomillionpeopleeveryyear.

50.Inthispassageantibioticsareusedto_______.

A.reducepainB.preventinfections

C.shortenoperationtime D.makepatientssleep

51.FromthelastparagraphbutoneweknowKathleenSebeliusis_________.

A.veryoptimisticaboutthesituation

B.quiteworriedabouttheminorities

C.sufferingfromtheinfectionherself

D.blamingdoctorsfortheirslowresponse

52.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A.Antibioticsmaybethemosteffectivewaytoresistinfectionaftersurgery.

B.Someethnicminoritieswithoutinsurancearein