职称英语考试常见100个短语大汇总.docx

职称英语考试常见100个短语大汇总.docx

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职称英语考试常见100个短语大汇总

2010年职称英语考试常见100个短语大汇总

1.abideby（=befaithfulto;obey）忠于;遵守。

　　2.beabsentfrom….缺席，不在

　　3.absenceormind（=beingabsent-minded）心不在焉

　　4.absorb（=takeuptheattentionof）吸引…的注意力（被动语态）:

beabsorbedin全神贯注于…近:

beengrossedin;belostin;beraptin;beconcentratedon;befocusedon;becenteredon

　　5.（be）abundantin（berichin;bewellsuppliedwith）富于,富有

　　6.access（to）（不可数名词）能接近,进入,了解

　　7.byaccident（=bychance,accidentally）偶然地,意外.Withoutaccident（=safely）安全地,

　　8.ofone’sownaccord（=withoutbeingasked;willingly;freely）自愿地,主动地

　　9.inaccordwith与…一致.outofone’saccordwith同….不一致

　　10.withoneaccord（=witheverybodyagreeing）一致地

　　11.inaccordancewith（=inagreementwith）依照,根据

　　12.onone’sownaccount1）为了某人的缘故,为了某人自己的利益2）（=atone’sownrisk）自行负责3）（=byoneself）依靠自己onaccount赊账;onaccountof因为;onnoaccount不论什么原因也不;of…account有…..重要性.

　　13.take…intoaccount（=consider）把...考虑进去

　　14.givesb.anaccountof说明,解释（理由）

　　15.accountfor（=giveanexplanationorreasonfor）解释,说明.

　　16.onaccountof（=becauseof）由于,因为.

　　17.onnoaccount（=innocase,fornoreason）绝不要,无论如何不要（放句首时句子要倒装）

　　18.accuse…of…（=charge…with;blamesb.forsth.;blamesth.onsb.;complainabout）指控,控告

　　19.beaccustomedto（=beinthehabitof,beusedto）习惯于.

　　20.beacquaintedwith（=tohaveknowledgeof）了解;（=tohavemetsocially）熟悉

　　21.acton奉行,按照…行动;actas扮演;actfor代理

　　22.adaptoneselfto（=adjustoneselfto）使自己适应于

　　23.adapt…（for）（=makesth.Suitableforanewneed）改编,改写（以适应新的需要）

　　24.inaddition（=besides）此外,又,加之

　　26.adhereto（=abideby,conformto,complywith,clingto,insiston,persistin,observe,opinion,belief）粘附;坚持,遵循

　　27.adjacent（=nextto,closeto）毗邻的,临近的

　　28.adjust..（to）（=changeslightly）调节;适应;

　　29.admitof（=becapableof,leaveroomfor）…的可能，留有…的余地.

　　30.inadvance（beforeintime）预告,事先.

　　31.toadvantage有利的,使优点更加突出地.

　　32.haveanadvantageover胜过.havetheadvantageof由于…处于有利条件havetheadvantageofsb.知道某人所不知道的事

　　33.takeadvantageof（=makethebestof,utilize,makeuseof,profitfrom,harness）利用.

　　34.agreewith赞同（某人意见）agreeto同意

　　35.inagreement（with）同意,一致

　　36.aheadof在…之前,超过…;…………….aheadoftime提前.

　　37.intheair1）不肯定,不具体.2）在谣传中.

　　38.aboveall（=especially,mostimportantofall）尤其是,最重要的.

　　39.inall（=countingeveryoneoreverything,altogether）总共,总计

　　40.afterall毕竟,到底;（not）atall一点也不;allatonce（=suddenly）突然;onceandforall只此一次;aboveall最重要的;firstofall首先;allinall大体上说;beallin累极了;allbut几乎.41.allowfor（=takeintoconsideration,takeintoaccount）考虑到,估计到.

　　42.amountto（=tobeequalto）总计,等于.

　　43.answerfor（undertakeresponsibilityfor,beliablefor,takechargefor）对…负责.

　　44.answerto（=conformto）适合,符合.

　　45.beanxiousabout为…焦急不安;或anxiousfor

　　46.apologizetosb.forsth.为…向…道歉

　　47.appealtosb.forsth.为某事向某人呼吁.appealtosb.对某人有吸引力

　　48.applytosb.forsth.为…向…申请;applyfor申请;applyto适用.

　　49.applyto与…有关;适用

　　50.approveof（=consentto,beinfavorof,favor,agreeto,considergood,right）赞成,approvevt.批准

2010年职称英语考试综合类阅读理解模拟题一

　　"Salty"RicePlantBoostsHarvests

　　Britishscientistsarebreedinganewgenerationofriceplantsthatwillbeabletogrowinsoilcontainingsaltwater.Theirworkmayenableabandonedfarmstobecomeproductiveoncemore.

　　TimFlowersandTonyYeo,fromSussexUniversity'sSchoolofBiologicalSciences,havespentseveralyearsresearchingoncrops,suchasrice,whichcouldbemadetogrowinwaterthathasbecomesalty.

　　Thepairhasrecentlybegunathree-yearprograme,fundedbytheBiotechnologyandBiologicalSciencesResearchCouncil,toestablishwhichgenesenablesomeplantstosurvivesaltyconditions.Theaimistobreedthiscapabilityintocrops,startingwithrice.

　　Itisestimatedthateachyearmorethan10mhectares（公顷）ofagriculturallandarelostbecausesaltgetsintothesoilandstunts（妨碍生长）plants.Theproblemiscausedbyseveralfactors.Inthetropics,mangroves（红树林）thatcreateswamps（沼泽）andtraditionallyformedbarrierstoseawaterhavebeencutdown.IntheMediterranean,aseriesofdroughtshavecausedthewatertabletodrop,allowingseawatertoseep（渗透）in.InLatinAmerica,irrigationoftencausesproblemswhenwaterisevaporated（蒸发）bytheheat,leavingsaltdepositsbehind.

　　Excesssaltthenenterstheplantsandpreventsthemfunctioningnormally.Heavyconcentrationsofmineralsintheplantsstopthemdrawingupthewatertheyneedtosurvive.

　　Toovercometheseproblems,FlowersandYeodecidedtobreedriceplantsthattakeinverylittlesaltandstorewhattheydoabsorbincellsthatdonotaffecttheplants'growth.Theyhavestartedtobreedthesecharacteristicsintoanewricecrop,butitwilltakeabouteightharvestsbeforetheresultingseedsarereadytobeconsideredforcommercialuse.

　　Oncethecharacteristicsforsurvivingsaltysoilareknown,FlowersandYeowilltrytobreedtheappropriategenesintoallmannersofcropsandplants.Landthathasbeenabandonedtonaturewillthenbeabletobloomagain,providingmuchneededfoodinthepoorercountriesoftheworld.

　　31WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutFlowersandYeoistrue?

　　ATheyarestudentsatSussexUniversity.

　　BTheyarericebreeders.

　　CTheyarehusbandandwife.

　　DTheyarecolleaguesataninstitutionofhigherlearning.

　　32FlowersandYeohavestartedaprogram

　　Atofindwaystopreventwaterpollution.

　　Btoidentifygenesthatpromotegrowthinsaltysoil

　　Ctobreedriceplantsthattastesalty.

　　Dtofindwaystoremoveexcessivesaltfromsoil.

　　33WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasacauseoftheproblemdiscussedinthepassage?

　　ANaturalbarrierstoseawaterhavebeendestroyed

　　BThewatertablehasgonedownafterdroughts.

　　CSealevelhasbeencontinuouslyrising.

　　DEvaporationofwaterleavessaltbehind.

　　34Theword"affect"inParagraph6couldbebestreplacedby

　　A"influence".

　　B"effect".

　　C"stop".

　　D"present".

　　35Theattitudeoftheauthortowardstheresearchprojectis

　　Apositive.

　　Bnegative.

　　Csuspicious.

　　Dindifferent.

2010年职称英语考试综合类阅读理解模拟题二

　　Ford'sAssemblyLine

　　Whenitcomestosinglingoutthosewhohavemadeadifferenceinallourlives,youcannotoverlookHenryFord.AhistorianacenturyfromnowmightwellconcludethatitwasFordwhomostinfluencedallmanufacturing,everywhere,eventothisday,byintroducinganewwaytomakecars---one,strangetosay,thatoriginatedinslaughterhouses（屠宰场）.

　　Backintheearly1900's,slaughterhousesusedwhatcouldhavebeencalleda"disassemblyline".Fordreversedthisprocesstoseeifitwouldspeedupproductionofapartofanautomobileenginecalledamagneto.Ratherthanhaveeachworkercompletelyassembleamagneto,oneofitselementswasplacedonaconveyer,andeachworker,asitpassed,addedanothercomponenttoit,thesameoneeachtime.ProfessorDavidHounshelloftheUniversityofDelaware,anexpertonindustrialdevelopment,tellswhathappened:

　　"Thepreviousday,workerscarryingouttheentireprocesshadaveragedoneassemblyevery20minutes.Butonthatday,ontheline,theassemblyteamaveragedoneevery13minutesand10secondsperperson."

　　Withinayear,thetimehadbeenreducedtofiveminutes.In1913,Fordwentalltheway.Hookedtogetherbyropes,partiallyassembledvehiclesweretowed（拖，拉）pastworkerswhocompletedthemonepieceatatime.Itwasn'tlongbeforeFordwasturningoutseveralhundredthousandcarsayear,aremarkableachievementthen.Andsoefficientandeconomicalwasthisnewsystemthathecutthepriceofhiscarsinhalf,to$260,puttingthemwithinreachofallthosewho,upuntilthattime,couldnotaffordthem.Soon,automakerstheworldovercopiedhim.Infact,heencouragedthemtodosobywritingabookaboutallofhisinnovations,entitletodayandtomorrow.TheAgeoftheAutomobilehasarrived.Today,aidedbyrobotsandotherformsofautomation（自动化）,everythingfromtoasterstoperfumesismadeonassemblylines.

　　36WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutHenryFordisNOTtrue?

　　AHeintroducedanewwayofproduction.

　　BHeinfluencedallmanufacturing.

　　CHeinspiredotherautomakers.

　　DHechangedthemindsofhistorians.

　　37Thewritermentions"slaughterhouses"becausetheyweretheplaceswhere

　　AFord'sassemblylineoriginated.

　　BFordmadehisfirstcar.

　　CFordreadjustedtheassemblyline.

　　DFordinnovatedthedisassemblyline.

　　38Amagnetoisatechnicaltermfor

　　Aanautomobile.

　　Baproductionline.

　　Capartofanautomobileengine

　　Dadisassemblyline.

　　39Thephrase"turningout"inthelastparagraphcouldbebestreplacedby

　　A"producing".

　　B"selling".

　　C"buying".

　　D"fixing".

　　40TheinventionoftheassemblylineenabledHenryFord

　　Atocreatemorejobsfortheunemployed.

　　Btowriteabookonhistory.

　　Ctoreducethepriceofhiscarsto$260.

　　Dtocuttheproductionofhiscarsby50%.

2010年职称英语考试综合类阅读理解模拟题三

　　Play

　　Playistheprincipalbusinessofchildhood,andinrecentyearsresearchhasshownthegreatimportanceofplayinthedevelopmentofahumanbeing.Fromearliestinfancy,everychildneedsopportunityandtherightmaterialsforplay,andthemaintoolsofplayaretoys.Theirmainfunctionistosuggest,encourageandassistplay.Tosucceedinthistheymustbegoodtoys,whichchildrenwillplaywithoften,andwillcomebacktoagainandagain.Thereforeitisimportanttochoosesuitabletoysfordifferentstagesofachild'sdevelopment.

　　Inrecentyearsresearchoninfantdevelo