建设项目管理经验教训外文翻译文献编辑.docx

建设项目管理经验教训外文翻译文献编辑.docx

《建设项目管理经验教训外文翻译文献编辑.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《建设项目管理经验教训外文翻译文献编辑.docx（12页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

建设项目管理经验教训外文翻译文献编辑

文献信息

文献标题：

Alessons-learnedsystemforconstructionprojectmanagement:

apreliminaryapplication（建设项目管理经验教训系统的初步应用）

文献作者：

FerradaX,NúñezD,NeyemA,etal

文献出处：

《Procedia-SocialandBehavioralSciences》,2016,226:

302-309.

字数统计：

英文3451单词，18975字符；中文6100汉字

外文文献　

Alessons-learnedsystemforconstructionprojectmanagement:

apreliminaryapplication

AbstractConstructioncompaniesareproject-basedorganizations,sincemuchoftheirknowledgeisgeneratedonsite,fromprojectstheycarryout.Infact,projectsareanimportantsourceofexpertknow-howandorganizationalknowledge,butlessons-learnedfromthemarenotsystematicallyincorporatedintosubsequentprojects,evidencingalackofknowledgemanagementandlearningcultureinlocalconstructioncompanies.Thisarticledescribesaresearcheffortthataddressedthissituationanddevelopedalessons-learnedsystemtohelpconstructioncompaniestoovercometheselimitations.Amultiplecase-studymethodologywasappliedtounderstandtheknowledgeandlearningrealitiesandneedsofthreeChileanconstructioncompanies.Basedontheseresults,amobilecloud-sharedworkspacetosupportknowledgemanagementwasdeveloped.Resultsshowthatmajorconcernsofusersareassociatedwithhowthesystemacknowledgestheparticularitiesofconstructionprojectsandhowitwillbeincorporatedintodailyactivities.Mainconclusionsindicatethat

（1）companiesacknowledgetheneedtodevelopacultureofinnovationwithintheorganization,

（2）usersconsiderthesystemasatoolthatcouldreallycontributetoimprovetheconstructionprojectmanagementprocess,and（3）thesystemneedsimprovementsregardingdatabasesearchandtheInternetsupportbeforebeingfullyimplementedinthecompanyasaprojectmanagementtool.

Keywords:

constructionindustry;groupdecisionsupport;mobilesharedworkspaces;cloudworkspaces;loosely-coupledmobilework;designguidelines

1.Introduction

Theconstructionindustryisaknowledge-basedindustry:

Itreliesheavilyonknowledgeinputbythedifferentparticipantsinaprojectteam（Forcada,Fuertes,Gangolells,Casals,&MacArulla,2013）.Infact,asconstructionisaproject-basedindustry,mostofitsknowledgeisgeneratedinprojects（Tan,Carrillo,&Anumba,2011）.Then,capturing,sharing,andutilizingthecombinedknowledgeofthecurrentworkforceisessentialtoavoidlosingvitalcorporateknowledgeassets（Caldas,Gibson,Weerasooriya,&Yohe,2009）.Thismeansconstructioncompaniesneedtocapitalizewhatitislearnedineachprojecttocontinuouslyimproveorganizationalperformance（Almeida&Soares,2014）.But,despitetheeffortsmade,progressinimprovingthelearningfromprojectsappearstobeslight（Hartmann&Dorée,2014）,asorganizationsconsistentlyrepeatmistakes,failtolearnfromprojectsandfailtotransferlessonsfromoneprojecttoanother（Swan,Scarbrough,&Newell,2010）.

Inthisregard,constructioncompaniesneedtodeveloptechniquesandusetoolsintheirprojectsthatfacilitatethecaptureandsharingoflessonslearnedthroughouttheproject’slifecycle（Paranagamage,Carrillo,Ruikar,&Fuller,2012）.Infact,everyconstructionorganizationshouldhaveaproperlessonslearneddatabase,becauseusingit,projectteamindividualscanacquireandassimilatemoreknowledgethroughorganizationsand,further,organizationsshouldalsonotrelyheavilyonindividuals（Senaratne&Malewana,2011）.Also,manyorganizationsintheconstructionindustryhaverecognizedtheimportanceofalessonlearnedprogramasavitalassetforknowledgemanagement（Caldasetal.,2009）.Basedonthisneed,weenvisionthatsharedworkspacesemergeasapossiblesolutiontoknowledgemanagementwithinconstructioncompanies.ThispaperproposesaMobileCloudSharedWorkspace（MCSW）whichallowsrecording,representinganddistributingorganizationalknowledgeduringtheconstructionprojectmanagementprocess.Theplatformintendstoimprovethedecision-makingandcoordinationprocessesamongprojectmanagers,projectsupervisors,qualitychief,operationsmanagerandotherconstructionprofessionals.Thisarticlepresentstheresultsofanevaluationofaprototypeofthemobilecloudsharedworkspace.Thenextsectionsincludealiteraturereviewonthemaintopicsrelatedtothestudy,theresearchmethodology,andtheprototypesystemandtheirevaluationbyusers,followedbythemainconclusionsofthestudy.

2.Lessons-learned

Lessons–learned（LL）areelementsofbothorganizationallearningandknowledgemanagement（Carrillo,2005）.Alessonlearnedisdefinedasknowledgegainedfromexperience,successfulorotherwise,forthepurposeofimprovingfutureperformance（ConstructionIndustryInstitute,2007）.Inthisregard,havingLLprogramshavebecomecriticalforconstructioncompanies,giventheglobalizationofprojectexecution,andthefactthataconsiderablenumberofemployeesareapproachingretirement（Caldasetal.,2009）.Inthisregard,whathasmotivatedconstructioncompaniestoconductLLsis（Paranagamageetal.,2012）:

（1）tolearnfromsimilarpastprojectstoavoidrepeatingmistakes,

（2）toensurethatpastsuccessesarereplicatedinfutureprojects,（3）togaincompetitiveedgeovercompanies,（4）toavoidcorporate“braindrain”,and（5）toencourageinnovation.Aboutlessonsrecordedbyconstructionprofessionals,therearethreeimportantphenomenatoconsidered（Fong&Yip,2006）:

（1）professionalssometimesrecordgood/badpracticesduringtherunningofprojectsandupontheircompletion;

（2）thefrequencyofrecordingbadpracticesorfailuresismuchlowerthanthatofrecordinggoodones;and（3）mostoftherecordedgood/badpracticesareforindividualuse,butnotfortheteamororganizationaluse.Theleadingreasonsforthisbehaviorarelackofemployees’time,lackofmanagementsupport,andlackofincentives,resourcesorguidelines（Williams,2008）.

MostConstructionIndustryInstituteorganizationsthatalreadyhaveaLLprogramuseasearchable,webbaseddatabasewithsomedegreeofsecurity（ConstructionIndustryInstitute,2007）.Aproblemwithlessons-learneddatabasesisthattheyarenotwidelyusedbecausethedocumentsthatexistedtendedtofocusverymuchonwhathadbeenachievedbyaprojectteam（productknowledge）ratherthanhowthishadbeenachievedand/orwhyiteitherworkedordidnotwork（processknowledge）（Newell,Bresnen,Edelman,Scarbrough,&Swan,2006）.Thesameauthorsindicatedthatwhatmightbemoreusefulisknowledgeabouttheprocesssincethishaspotentiallymuchwiderrelevanceacrossdifferentprojects（Newelletal.,2006）.Eventhoughconstructioncompanieshavetakingpositivestepsregardinglessonslearnedcapture,thebenefitsoflearningarenotrealized（Paranagamageetal.,2012）.

Ithasbeenproposedthatmoreneedstobedonetonotonlyensurethatthelessonsareaccessibletothosewhoneedthem;butalsotoensurethattheirvalidityandintegrityarecontinuallymonitored（Paranagamageetal.,2012）.

3.ICTinconstructioncompanies

ConstructionindustryhasbeenslowinadoptingICT（InformationandCommunicationTechnologies）andoftentechnologythatisavailableandeasilyaccessibleisnotbeenutilizedtothefullextent（Ahuja,Yang,&Shankar,2009）.Thishappensbecausemostconstructionfirmsaresmall-to-mediumenterprises（SME）and,therefore,lackthebudgetforIT（InformationTechnologies）investments（Cheng&Kumar,2012）.

Incontrast,currently,moreconstructionworkersusetheirownmobiledeviceswhileworkingonthejob（Sage,2012）.AnICTsurveyindicatedthat81%ofconstructionworkersusesmartphonedevicesatthejobsite,69%uselaptopcomputers,and26%usetabletPCs（AllianceSolutionsGroup,2013）.Theuseofmobilecomputingdevices,suchaspersonaldigitalassistants（PDAs）,smartphones,andothermobile-enabledtechnologies,enablesconstructionmanagerstoinput,store,process,andaccessprojectinformationatanylocationandtocommunicatethatinformationtoanylocation（Son,Park,Kim,&Chou,2012）.Infact,mobiletechnologiescomponentsallowsforaflexiblemanagementofworkingprocess,adaptedtoeachperson（Suman,Ursic,Psunder,&Veselinovic,2009）.Also,thesetechnologiescouldprovidethelinktoworkersattheirpointofactivitysothatlessonslearntastheprojectprogressarecaptureimmediately,thenthereal-timeknowledgecanalsobeincorporatedinfuturephasesofthecurrentproject（Bowden,Dorr,Thorpe,&Anumba,2006）.Severalauthorshaveproposeddifferentmobilesystemstobeusedinspecifictasksofconstructionmanagement,butmostofthesestudiesemphasizeontheaccesstoprojectinformationforveryspecifictasksorconstructionareas,suchassafetyorconstructionmanagementonsite.

Besidesmobiledevices,othertrendinginformationtechnologyinconstructionindustryisCloudComputing（CC）.Cloudcomputingenablesbusinesses,particularlySMEs,toaccessresourcesfromaresourcepoolon-demand;allowinggreaterflexibilityandlowercostsrelatedtomanagingcomputerresources（Lin&Chen,2012）.Itsservicesaredividedintothreeclasses（Sultan,2014）:

SoftwareasaService（SaaS）forbusiness-relatedcomputerprograms,InfrastructureasaService（IaaS）foralmostunlimitedfastprocessingcapabilitiesandlargestoragefacilities,andPlatformasaservice（PaaS）fortooldevelopmentandhostingoptionsforclientswhoprefertocreateandmanagetheirownapplications.Thetradeoffbetweenthesethreecomesdowntocustomizabilityandcontrolversusspeedofdeploymentandeaseofmaintenance,beingSaaSthemosteasilytomaintainanddeployfromtheenduser’sperspective.

CCisalsobeneficialinenhancinginformationsafetyandsecuritybec