常见动词过去式过去分词的变化规则59518.docx
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常见动词过去式过去分词的变化规则59518
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常见动词过去式过去分词的变化规则
动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
一、规则变化:
1.一般情况直接加ed，如ask—asked,work—worked
2.以不发音的e结尾，只加d，如love—loved,dance—danced
3.以辅音字母加y结尾，把y变为i，再加ed，如try—tried,study—studied
4.以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读闭音节结尾的动词（以重读闭音节或r音节结尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母）,先双写末尾这个辅音字母,再加ed,如stop—stopped,permit—permitted
注：
A.以l结尾的动词,尾音节重读时,双写l,如control—controlled；尾音节不重读时,双不双写都可以，如travel—traveled（美）/travelled（英）。
￥
B.特例:
picnic—picnicked—picnicked（去野餐）,traffic—trafficked—trafficked（交易,在…通行）另外,还有很多动词的过去式和过去分词是不合乎上述规则的,需要熟记.（见后）
C.读音与说明:
①.-ed在清辅音音素后发音为[t]:
helped,liked,finished,fetched,stopped,clapped
②.-ed在浊辅音和元音后发音为[d]:
believed,changed,planned,preferred,followed,stayed
③.-ed在[t]、[d]后发音为[id]:
wanted,needed,admitted,permitted
二、不规则动词（Irregular Verbs）的过去式大体上归纳有以下记忆法：
1. 以t结尾的词，过去式与原形相同。
如：
put—put, let—let, cut—cut, beat—beat read—read must--must
2. 以d结尾的词，把d变成t。
如:
build—built, lend—lent, send—sent, spend—spent
3. 以n结尾的词，在词后加t。
如：
mean—meant, burn—burnt, learn—learnt
4. 以ow / aw结尾的词，把ow / aw变成ew。
如：
blow—blew, draw—drew, know—knew, grow—grew throw—threw（动词show除外，show—showed）
5. 含有双写字母的词，将双写改为单写，在词尾加t。
如：
[
keep—kept, sleep—slept, feel—felt, smell—smelt sweep—swept
6. 含有元音字母o / i的词，将o / i变成a。
如：
come—came become—became sing—sang, give—gave, sit—sat, drink—drank
7．以ought和aught结尾，且读音是〔:
t〕的过去式。
如：
bring—brought，buy—bought，think—thought，catch—caught，teach—taught
8．把重读开音节中的i改为o，变成过去式。
如：
drive—drove，ride—rode，write—wrote
9．动词原形中的e改为o，如：
get—got，forget—forgot
…
10．动词原形中的ee改为e，如：
feed—fed，meet—met
11．动词原形中的eak改为oke，如：
break—broke，speak—spoke
12．动词原形中的ell改为old，如：
sell—sold，tell—told
13．动词原形中的an改为oo，如：
stand—stood，understand—understood
14．以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。
如：
can—could，shall—should，will—would
15．在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式，并且发生音变。
如：
hear〔hi 〕—heard〔h :
d〕， say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕，mean〔mi:
n〕—meant〔ment〕
]
16．不符合上述规律的动词过去式。
如：
am，is—was，are—were，build—built，do—did，eat—ate，fall—fell，find—found，fly—flew，go—went，have ／has— had，hold—held，leave—left，make—made，may—might，run—ran，see—saw，take—took
新人教版初中英语不规则动词归类记忆表
一、AAA型：
动词原形与过去式、过去分词一样（原形→原形→原形）
原形
）
过去式
过去分词
汉语意思
read
read
read
读
cut
—
cut
cut
切，割
let
let
let
让
put
）
put
put
放
cost
cost
cost
花费，值
hit
—
hit
hit
撞，击
set
set
set
安排，安置
hurt
~
hurt
hurt
使…伤痛
二、ABA型：
动词原形与过去分词一样（原形→过去式→原形）
原形
过去式
过去分词
%
汉语意思
become
became
become
成为
come
came
come
-
来
run
ran
run
跑
三、ABC型：
动词原形与过去式、过去分词都不一样
1.ow→ew→own
原形
"
过去式
过去分词
汉语意思
blow
blew
blown
吹
draw
?
drew
drawn
画
grow
grew
grown
生长
know
￥
knew
known
知道
fly
flew
flown
飞
2.i→a→u
"
原形
过去式
过去分词
汉语意思
begin
began
begun
开始
%
drink
drank
drunk
喝
sing
sang
sung
唱
|
swim
swam
swum
游泳
ring
rang
rung
打电话
、
3.原形→过去式→过去式+（e）n
原形
过去式
过去分词
汉语意思
wear
wore
worn
/
穿
forget
forgot
forgotten
忘记
speak
spoke
spoken
<
说
freeze
froze
frozen
冻
choose
chose
chosen
￥
选择
4.原形→过去式→原形+（e）n
原形
过去式
过去分词
汉语意思
eat
ate
|
eaten
吃
forbid
forbade
forbidden
禁止
give
gave
。
given
给
ride
rode
ridden
骑
see
saw
·
seen
看见
write
wrote
written
写
fall
fell
/
fallen
落下
5.无规律
原形
过去式
过去分词
汉语意思
am/is
【
was
been
是
are
were
been
是
do
》
did
done
做
go
went
gone
走
take
\
took
taken
拿
四、ABB型
1.原形→ought→ought
原形
过去式
\
过去分词
汉语意思
bring
brought
brought
带来
buy
bought
~
bought
买
fight
fought
fought
打架
think
thought
？
thought
思考
2.原形→aught→aught
原形
过去式
过去分词
汉语意思
catch
）
caught
caught
捉,抓
teach
taught
taught
教
3.变其中一个元音字母
·
原形
过去式
过去分词
汉语意思
feed
fed
fed
喂
）
meet
met
met
遇见
get
got
got
得到
]
hold
held
held
拥有
babysit
babysat
babysat
临时照看
:
sit
sat
sat
坐
win
won
won
赢
》
find
found
found
发现
4.原形→□lt→□lt
原形
过去式
过去分词
@
汉语意思
feel
felt
felt
感到
keep
kept
kept
（
保持
leave
left
left
离开
sleep
slept
slept
|
睡
sweep
swept
swept
扫
5.变其中一个辅音字母
原形
过去式
~
过去分词
汉语意思
build
built
built
建造
hear
heard
;
heard
听见
make
made
made
制造
mean
meant
#
meant
意思
send
sent
sent
送,寄
spend
spent
。
spent
花费
deal
dealt
dealt
处理
6.辅音字母和元音字母都变
原形
$
过去式
过去分词
汉语意思
have
had
had
有,吃
lay
;
lain
lain
放
lose
lost
lost
丢失
pay
;
paid
paid
付钱
say
said
said
说
sell
;
sold
sold
卖
tell
told
told
告诉
stand
`
stood
stood
站
五、AAB型
原形
过去式
过去分词
#
汉语意思
beat
beat
beaten
打败
六、有两种形式
原形
%
过去式
过去分词
汉语意思
bear
bore
born
生
、
bore
borne
hang
hanged
hanged
吊死
、
hung
hung
挂
learn
learned
learned
学
，
learnt
learnt
lie
lied
lied
说谎
&
lay
lain
躺
show
showed
showed
给…看
·
showed
shown
spell
spelled
spelled
拼写
"
spelt
spelt
burn
burned
burned
烧
/
burnt
burnt
smell
smelled
smelled
闻
;
smelt
smelt
shine
shined
shined
照耀
-
shone
shone
dream
dreamed
dreamed
做梦
、
dreamt
dreamt
wake
waked
waked
醒
&
woke
woken
hide
hid
hid
躲藏
'
hid
hidden
七、情态动词
|
原形
过去式
过去分词
汉语意思
can
could
∕
能
~
may
might
∕
也许
must
∕
∕
必须
【
shall
should
∕
将要
will
would
∕
会
|
初中英语不规则动词表
（二）
原形
过去式
过去分词
汉语意思
原形
过去式
|
过去分词
汉语意思
am/is
was
been
是
lay
lain
…
lain
放
are
were
been
是
learn
learned
、
learned
学
babysit
babysat
babysat
临时照看
learn
learnt
-
learnt
学
bear
bore
born
生
leave
left
%
left
离开
bear
bore
borne
生
lend
lent
&
lent
把…借给
beat
beat
beaten
打败
let
let
$
let
让
become
became
become
成为
lie
lied
}
lied
说谎
begin
began
begun
开始
lie
lay
}
lain
躺
blow
blew
blown
吹
lose
lost
?
lost
丢失
bring
brought
brought
带来
make
made
~
made
制造
build
built
built
建造
may
might
`
∕
也许
burn
burned
burned
烧
mean
meant
：
meant
意思
burn
burnt
burnt
烧
meet
met
[
met
遇见
buy
bought
bought
买
must
∕
—
∕
必须
can
could
∕
能
pay
paid
[
paid
付钱
catch
caught
caught
捉,抓
put
put
…
put
放
choose
chose
chosen
选择
read
read
（
read
读
come
came
come
来
ride
rode
@
ridden
骑
cost
cost
cost
花费，值
ring
rang
~
rung
打电话
cut
cut
cut
切，割
run
ran
!
run
跑
deal
dealt
dealt
处理
say
said
$
said
说
dig
dug
dug
挖
see
saw
*
seen
看见
do
did
done
做
sell
sold
sold
卖
draw
drew
drawn
画
send
sent
>
sent
送,寄
dream
dreamed
dreamed
做梦
set
set
·
set
安排，安置
dream
dreamt
dreamt
做梦
shall
should
|
∕
将要
drink
drank
drunk
喝
shine
shined
/
shined
照耀
drive
drove
driven
驾驶
shine
shone
[
shone
照耀
eat
ate
eaten
吃
show
showed
、
showed
给…看
fall
fell
fallen
落下
show
showed
—
shown
给…看
feed
fed
fed
喂
sing
sang
^
sung
唱
feel
felt
felt
感到
sit
sat
—
sat
坐
fight
fought
fought
打架
sleep
slept
^
slept
睡
find
found
found
发现
smell
smelled
{
smelled
闻
fly
flew
flown
飞
smell
smelt
'
smelt
闻
forbid
forbade
forbidden
禁止
speak
spoke
&
spoken
说
forget
forgot
forgotten
忘记
spell
spelled
【
spelled
拼写
freeze
froze
frozen
冻
spell
spelt
$
spelt
拼写
get
got
got
得到
spend
spent
《
spent
花费
give
gave
given
给
stand
stood
stood
站
go
went
gone
走
sweep
swept
swept
扫
grow
grew
grown
生长
swim
swam
swum
游泳
hang
hanged
hanged
吊死
take
took
taken
拿
hang
hung
hung
挂
teach
taught
taught
教
have
had
had
有,吃
tell
told
told
告诉
hear
heard
heard
听见
think
thought
thought
思考
hide
hid
hid
躲藏
wake
waked
waked
醒
hide
hid
hidden
躲藏
wake
woke
woken
醒
hit
hit
hit
撞，击
wear
wore
worn
穿
hold
held
held
拥有
will
would
∕
会
hurt
hurt
hurt
使…伤痛
win
won
won
赢
keep
kept
kept
保持
write
wrote
written
写
know
knew
known
知道
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