高三英语一轮复习语法专题名词性从句活动单.docx

高三英语一轮复习语法专题名词性从句活动单.docx

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高三英语一轮复习语法专题名词性从句活动单

高三英语一轮复习语法专题——名词性从句活动单

复习目标：

1.熟练掌握各连接词、连接代词、连接副词在句子中的选择与运用；

2.准确巧妙地在语段中使用名词性从句。

在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫作名词性从句。

它包括主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句和表语从句。

名词性从句是英语中的一个重要语法项目，在历年的高考中几乎都涉及到。

引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：

连接词that，whether，if（不充当从句的任何成分）；连接代词what，whatever，who，whoever，whom，whose，which；连接副词when，where，how，why。

一、辨别下面从句的类型。

1.Asisreportedinthenewspaper,talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.

2.Itisreportedinthenewspaperthattalksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.

3.Whatisreportedinthenewspaperisthattalksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.

4.Iholdtheopinionthatwhatreallycountsisourattitudetowardsfailure.

5.Itisobviousthatreadingcanenrichourminds,soweshouldreadasmuchaspossible.

6.Lookout!

Don’tgettooclosetothehousewhoseroofisunderrepair.

7.Amoderncityhasbeensetupinwhatwasawastelandtenyearsago.

8.Thereasonwhyhedidn’tcomewasthathewasill.

9.Moreandmoregoodfarmlandhasbeenusedtobuildfactories,asaresultofwhich,farmlandisdecreasingyearbyyear.

10.Thebarefactisthatmanypeopleareinfavorofthedecisionmadeatyesterday’smeeting.

11.Takewhateveractionisneeded.

12.Don’ttellPaul,whateveryoudo!

13.Thenewsthattheenemyhadsurrenderedsoonspreadoverthewholecountry.

14.Thenewsthattheenemyhasannouncedsoonspreadsoverthewholecountry.

二、重难点突破。

重难点突破一：

名词性从句what和that的比较选用

（1）—Whatamess!

Youarealwayssolazy!

—I’mnottoblame,mum.Iam________youhavemademe.

A.howB.whatC.thatD.who

（2）Expertsbelieve________peoplecanwastelessfoodbyshoppingonlywhenitisnecessary.

A.whyB.whereC.thatD.what

☆【规律点睛】☆

________引导名词性从句时，在从句中不充当任何成分，也没有任何含义；

________引导名词性从句时在从句中要充当一定的句子成分，如主语、宾语、表语等。

试比较：

（1）_________heconsideredagreatproposalwasturneddownbythebossatthemeeting.

（2）_________PutinvisitedChinaledtothecloserrelationshipbetweenthetwocountries.

☆【特别提醒】☆

①what相当于“名词或代词＋that/which”；

②what不能引导定语从句

③介词后不接that从句，除了inthat...和exceptthat...。

④that引导两个以上的宾语从句，第一个that可省略，其后的that都不可省略。

that引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时，that不可省略。

☆【巩固提升】☆

①Theschoolisnolonger________itusedtobe.

＝Theschoolisnolongertheone________itusedtobe.

②Finallyhetolduseverything________hehadseen.

＝Finallyhetoldus________hehadseen.

③Theyarrivedin________wasonceaschool.

＝Theyarriveintheplace________wasonceaschool.

④Don'tcare________othersthinkaboutyou.

⑤Doyouknow________theydowithwastepaper?

重难点突破二：

Itis...和Thereis...

Itis...句型中it为形式主语，真正的主语为动名词、不定式或从句，而Thereis意为“有……”，有时be也可以用exist，remain等替代。

①________isapitythathewasabsent.

②________isafactthathehasliedtoyou.

③________isnowonderthatheissoexcited.

④________isnoneedtoworryaboutit.

⑤________isnosense/point（in）arguingwithhim.

⑥________isnodoubtthathehasgone.

________isnousecomplainingaboutlife.

________isawasteoftimesurfingtheInternet.

重难点突破三：

表语从句中的常见句型

常用的句型有：

Thereasonisthat...；Itisbecause...；That'swhy...；That'swhere...

①Thereason________heisabsentfromschoolis________heisill.

＝Heisill.That's________heisabsentfromschool.

＝Heisabsentfromschool.That's________heisill.

②Thereason________hegavewas________hewascaughtinthetrafficjam.

③That's________Idisagree/theproblemlies/Ihavedoubt/youaremistaken.

That's_______Idisagreeabout/theproblemliesin/Ihavedoubtabout/youaremistakenabout.

重难点突破四：

同位语从句和定语从句的辨别

同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。

连接词that引导同位语从句时，应在某些抽象名词之后，如：

fact,hope,story,thought,suggestion,idea,news,possibility,

feeling,doubt,truth,wish,word（消息）,request,information,order,message等，对前面的名词起补充说明的作用。

同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。

定语从句中的that是关系代词，既起引导从句的作用，同时又在从句中充当主语或宾语，而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。

①Thenews________hetoldusexcitedus.

Thenews________ourteamwonthegameexcitedus.

②Thefact________hecollectedwassurprising.

Thefact________hesaidnothingwassurprising.

③Thereisachance/possibility________hewilllosethegame.

＝________arethathewilllosethegame.

④Informationhasbeenputforward________moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.

☆【规律点睛】☆

判断定语从句还是同位语从句的方法可以采用“加词”法，即在名词和从句之间加入一个be动词，如果句子意思成立则为________，否则是_________。

试比较：

▲Thenoticethatthemeetinghadtobeputoffwastrue.

可以说成：

Thenoticewasthatthemeetinghadtobeputoff.（________从句）

▲Thenoticethathebroughtwastrue.（_________从句）

不可说成：

Thenoticewasthathebrought.（意思不对）

重难点突破五：

“疑问词＋ever”和“nomatter＋疑问词”的区别

“疑问词＋ever”既可引导名词性从句，在主句中充当一定的成分，又可以引导让步状语从句；但是“nomatter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句。

其中，who表示疑问；而whoever与anyonewho同义。

________leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.

________leavestheroomlast,heoughttoturnoffthelights.

Hewouldn'tlistento________Isaid.

________Isaid,hewouldn'tlistentome.

Sarahhopestobecomeafriendof________sharesherinterest.

________comes,youmustn'topenthedoor.

Asmanyasfivecoursesareprovided,andyouarefreetochoose________suitsyoubest.

☆【特别提醒】☆

who表示疑问；而whoever与anyonewho同义。

☆【尝试比较】☆

_________broketheglassis2stillunknown.（强调“打坏玻璃”这件事）

_________breaksthelawshouldbepunished.（强调“犯法的人”）

☆【巩固提升】☆

________hasstolenthemoneyhasn'tbeenfoundoutyet.

________hasstolenthemoneyshouldbepunished.

Iwillspareaticketforthenewly－madefilmto________desirestogetit.

重难点突破六：

来源于感叹句的名词性从句

（1）________someteenagersdon’trealizeis________difficultlifecanbeaftertheygetaddictedtodrugs.

A.What;howB.That;howC.What;whataD.That;what

（2）Iwasshockedbythepoorresultsoftheexam,whichmademerealize______terribleproblemsIwouldface.

A.howB.whatC.thatD.why

☆【规律点睛】☆

可以采用“还原法”，如例

（1）表语从句还原后为lifecanbedifficultaftertheygetaddictedtodrugs,中心词为difficult，所以选择_________.

例

（2）realize后的宾语从句还原后为_________________________________________,中心词为_______________,所以选择__________.

※【巩固训练】※

.2013-2015年模拟探究专项基础测试.

1.（2015江苏泰州二模，33）ManycollegestudentsarewillingtoworkinWesternChinaaftergraduation________,poorandbackwardasitis,moreopportunitiesofemploymentareavailable.

A.whereB.whenC.thatD.which

2.（2015江苏南通、连云港二模，26）Nowallofourconcentrationison______itisthattheglobalenvironmentwillreturntonormal.

A.whichB.whatC.whereD.when

3.（2015江苏南通、连云港二模，31）Moreandmorepeoplegojogginginthemorning,________benefitsforhealtharisefromtheairrichinoxygen.

A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.who

4.（2015江苏扬州一模，27）Arecentsurveyshowsthatthequestion_______NewYear’sEveshouldbeincludedinthethree-dayNewYear’sholidaysparkedheateddiscussionamongInternetusers.

A.thatB.whetherC.howD.where

5.（2015江苏扬州一模，31）Ihopethatthelittle________Ihavebeenabletodohasbeenofsomeuse.

A.whatB.whichC.thatD.as

6.（2015江苏南京、盐城一模，30）Personalspaceistheregionsurroundingaperson_______theyregardaspsychologicallytheirs.

A.whoB.whereC.whenD.which

7.（2015江苏南京三模，27）Howdiditcomeabout________aquietpersonshouldappearsowildtoday?

A.whetherB.thatC.ifD.what

8.（2014江苏苏锡常镇一模，29）Massiveopenonlinecoursesprovideawonderfulmodelof________wecallhigh-techlearning,whichhelpsstudentshaveaccesstoweb-basedresources.

A.whichB.whyC.whatD.how

9.（2014江苏南京、盐城一模，34）Wehaveofferedhimtheposition,butIdon’thavetheslightestidea________wewillacceptit.

A.howB.ifC.whetherD.that

10.（2014江苏百校联考，31）Thememoryisstillfreshinmymind________Iwasconsideredtheappleofmyformerboyfriend’seyeduringourstayinAegeanSea.

A.whenB.whereC.thatD.what

11.（2014江苏苏北四市一模，31）Mr.Wangisjustoneofthevictimsfrom________housesthethievesstolemoneyandothervaluables.

A.whoseB.thoseC.whomD.their

12.（2014江苏苏锡常镇二模，31）TwoprofessorsatHarvardUniversitypublishedastudyof3,300newgraduates,lookingat_______theirnameshadanybearingontheiracademicperformance.

A.thatB.howC.whyD.whether

13.（2013江苏南通一模，22）Technologyhasquickenedtherate_________wecommunicatewiththeworldaroundus.

A.forwhichB.atwhichC.towhichD.withwhich

14.（2013江苏苏锡常镇二模，30）Youshouldrealizethefactthatwhenyougraduatefromuniversity,youarestillnotpreparedforthepossiblesituations_________wemayfaceintheworkingworld.

A.whereB.whenC.thatD.what

15.（2013江苏南通三模，29）Itisknowntousallthat_________welearnatpresentiscloselylinkedwithourfuture.

A.howB.whetherC.whateverD.whichever

16.（2015江苏泰州二模，29）--Howdoyoufindthenewcellphone?

--Oh,quitegood.Anewfunctionhasbeendevelopedonthisnewtype________itcanshowyouvividlywhatisaroundthepersonyouaretalkingto.

A.howB.whichC.whatD.that

17.（2015江苏南京、盐城二模，25）Asadarkhorse,China’sfootballteamwasthroughtothequarters_______itlosttothehostcountryAustralia.

A.asB.whatC.thatD.where

18.（2015江苏苏锡常一模，31）RobinWilliamswasluckybecausehewasofferedsomanyparts_____hecouldbewhateverheneedtobe---therolesthatensuredhisspotamongthecomedygreats.

A.whenB.whereC.whichD.that

19.（2015江苏常州二模，27）ThesinglemostshatteringstatisticaboutlifeinAmericainthelate1990swas_____tobaccokilledmorepeoplethanthecombinedtotalofthosewhodiedfromAIDS,caraccidents,alcohol,murder,suicide,illegaldrugsandfire.

A.whatB.whenC.thatD.where

20.（2015江苏苏锡常镇二模，21）Thiscourseisbasedonaproject,oneof___aimsistoimprovethestudents’comprehensiveabilityinEnglish.

A.whoseB.whichC.itsD.what

21.（2015江苏苏锡常镇二模，28）Sheis______isknownasanosyperson---sheisalwaysdyingtoknowwhat’sgoingoninothers’liv