精品阅读理解科普或环境保护类或健康类中考英语试题分项版解析汇编解析版.docx

精品阅读理解科普或环境保护类或健康类中考英语试题分项版解析汇编解析版.docx

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精品阅读理解科普或环境保护类或健康类中考英语试题分项版解析汇编解析版

1、【2017年安徽省初中毕业学业考试英语试题】阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）

阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。

Doyousleepwell?

Ifyouranswerisno,thefollowingmighthelpyou.

Setacertainbedtimeandrisingtime

Acertainbedtimeandrisingtimecanhelpyoubuildupyourbodyclocs.Setabedtimewhichisgoodandnaturalforyou.Don’tchangeyourbedtimeandrisingtimeonweeends.

Avoidecitingactivitiesjustbeforesleeping

Ecitingactivitiesgetyourthoughtsrunning.Atthesametime,ifyoumaetomorrow’splanorreadanecitingstorybeforeturningoffthelight,itdoesn’tgiveyouenoughtimetorelabeforeyoutrytosleep.

eepthebedroomforsleepingonly

It’sabadhabitforyoutouseyourbedroomasaplacetoeat,watchTV,read,talonthephone,ordiscussimportantmatterswithyourfamilymembers.Breathathabittogetbettersleep.

Don’tgotobedtooearly

Yourbodyusuallyletsyousleeponlythenumberofhoursitneeds.Youshoulddecidehowmanyhoursyoumustsleepinordernottoeperiencedaytimesleepiness.

Taeawarmshowerbeforeyourbedtime

Atwenty-minutewarmshoweratatemperatureofabout45–50notonlyisagreatrelaatday’send,butalsoraisesyourbodytemperaturebyseveraldegrees.Thecomingdropintemperatureofyourbodywillnaturallymaeyoufeelsleepy.

80.Ifyouwanttobuildupyourbodyclocs,youshould______.

A.setacertainbedtimeandrisingtimeB.gotobedneithertooearlynortoolate

C.eepthebedroomforsleepingonlyD.taeawarmshowerbeforesleeping

81.Whyshouldyouavoidecitingactivitiesjustbeforesleeping?

A.BecausetheywillgetyourthoughtsrunningB.Becauseyouhavetomaetomorrow’spaln

C.BecauseyoushouldreadanecitingstoryD.Becauseyouwillhavetoturnoffthelight.

82.Yourbedroomshouldbeeptfor______only.

A.talingB.eatingC.readingD.sleeping

83.Accordingtothepassage,______willmaeyoufeelsleepy.

A.taingacoldshowerB.yourbodytemperaturedropping

C.yourdailyeperienceD.raisingyourbodytemperature

【答案】

80.A

81.A

82.D

83.B

81.A细节理解题。

根据第二条建议Ecitingactivitiesgetyourthoughtsrunning可知兴奋的活动会使你的思维活跃，故选A。

82.D细节理解题。

根据第三条建议可知卧室只能是睡觉的地方。

故选D

83.B细节理解题。

根据最后的建议Thecomingdropintemperatureofyourbodywillnaturallymaeyoufeelsleepy.可知下降的体温自然会使你感到困倦，故选B。

【考点定位】健康保健类短文阅读。

2．【广东省2017年中考英语试题】阅读理解（30分）

ItisreportedthatsomedevelopedcountieshaveshippedbroenpartsofcomputestoChina.Suchathingcanbefoundedeverydayalthoughitisagainstinternationallaws.LastmonthHongongofficersfound131,000ilogramsofbroencomputers,TVsandphonessendfromJapan.

Thingsliethesearecalledelectronicwaste,ore-waste.Dealingwithisnotaneasyjobbecausedangerouspoisonliemercury（汞）andlead（铅）canbefoundinthem.Everytimeanoldcomputerbreasdown,itneedstobedealwithsafely.Butatpresent,broencomputerpartsareusuallyburied.Itmaybehundredsofyearsbeforetheyarereallygoesintheearth.

ManyplacesinChinaarepollutedbye-waste.GuiyuinGuangdongprovinceisoneofthem.Thistownisnamedas”thee-wastecapitaloftheworld”.Ithastodealwith1.5mllionilogramsofe-wasteeachyear,fromwhichitmaes75millionyears.Butitcomesatacost.Manyofthepoisonine-wastefindtheirwayintotheenvironment.Plasticisburnedoutdoorsandchemicalwaterispouredintorivers,Greenpeace,anenvironmentalgroup,hasfoundtheair,theearthandtheriversinGuiyubadlypolluted.

TheChinesegovernmentwantsthecountrytodevelop,butinawaythatdoesn;tdoharmtotheenvironmentandpeople’slife.Thisyear,Chinapresentsanewprotectionlaw,thestrictestonewehaveeverhad.ComputercomplieslieLenovoandDellwillbeasedtotaebactheiroldcomputers.Thisisbecausethecompliesthatmaecomputersnowbesttodealwiththemsafely.Hopefully,theproblemwithe-wastewillbesolvedinnearfuture.

61.Thee-wastefoundinHongonglastmonthwasfrom________.

A.FranceB.JapanC.GermanyD.Australia

62.Theunderlinedwordburiedprobablymeans______inthepassage.

A.焚烧B.障碍C.回收D.掩埋

63.ThetownofGuiyainGuangdongProvince_________.

A.isthee-capitaloftheworldB.hasseriouse-wastepollution

C.Dealswithe-wastesafelyD.speedsmuchmoneyone-waste

64.Thisyear,theChinesegovernment__________.

A.triedtochangepeople’slifeB.closedsomecomputercomplies

C.maeanewenvironmentprotectionlawD.asedpeopletohandintheiroldcomputers

65.Thepassageismainlyabout________.

A.thewayindealwithe-wasteB.thecostofburninge-waste

C.thee-wasteprobleminChinaD.theneedtopassalawagainste-waste

【答案】

61.B

62.D

63.B

64.C

65.C

62.D词义猜测题。

根据上下文可知不可能是障碍的意思，根据后文它可能需要数百年才从地球上消失，可知不是回收，焚烧，而是被掩埋，故选D。

63.B推理判断题。

根据GuiyuinGuangdongprovinceisoneofthem.Thistownisnamedas”thee-wastecapitaloftheworld”.贵屿是世界电子废料之都，可知广州的贵屿电子废料污染严重，故选B。

64.C细节理解题。

根据Thisyear,Chinapresentsanewprotectionlaw,thestrictestonewehaveeverhad.可知今年中国政府制定了一项新的环境保护的法律。

故选C。

65.C归纳理解题。

根据这篇短文主要描述了中国受电子废料的污染及中国的措施。

故选C。

【考点定位】环境保护类短文阅读。

3、【广州市2017年初中毕业生学业考试英语】阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所级的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Mostofusprobablylivewithoutvegetables,butaworldwithoutchocolate?

Nowthatwouldbehard!

Accordingtochocolatemaersitcouldhappenifwedon’tactsoon.

Therearetwomaincausesofthechocolateshortage---chocolate’sgrowingpopularityandlessproductionofcocoa,theplantfromwhichchocolateismade.WithmoreandmorepeopleinIndiaandChinalovingchocolate,notmuchcanbedoneaboutthefirstcause.

Therefore,theonlythingwecandoistoincreasecocoaproduction.However,newplantdiseasesandlittleraininIvoryCoastandGhana,theworld’slargestproducers,havereducedcocoaproductionby40percentinthepast10years.What’sworse,manycocoafarmersinAfricaandothercocoa-producingcountrieslieIndonesiaandVeneuelaarechangingtoeasier-to-growcropssuchascornorrubber.Thisway,thefarmerscanmaemoremoney.

Topreventmorefarmersfromchanging,researchersatthenewlyopenedInternationalCocoaControlCentre,intheU,aretryingtocreatenewcocoaplantsthatarestrongerandfastergrowing.Butfirsttheymustmaesurethenewplantsaresafetogrow.Thistaesalongtime.

First,eachnewplantisstoredattheControlCentreforsimonthstomaesureitishealthy.ItisthenplantedintheCentre’sfields,studiedandtestedforanothertwoyears.Onlyafterscientistsarecertainthatthey’redisease-free,willtheplantsbesenttofarmersinWestAfricaorwhereverelsetheyareneeded.

Tocreatenewstrongertypesofcocoa,scientistsattheCentrearecombiningthebestpartsfromdifferentcocoaplants.Thoughtheworldisfacingaseriouschocolateshortage,thereisnowhope!

51.Thefirstparagraphtellsusthat______.

A.chocolateishealthierthanvegetablesB.theworldcouldsoonbewithoutchocolate

C.peoplelovevegetablesmorethanchocolateD.it’snotnecessarytoeatsomuchchocolate

52.Inwhichcountrieshaschocolatebecomemorepopularinrecentyears?

A.VeneuelaandIndonesia.B.IvoryCoastandGhana.

C.IndonesiaandChina.D.ChinaandIndia.

53.Cocoafarmersarechoosingtogrowrubberandcornbecausethesecrops______.

A.canmaethemmoremoneyB.needlessraintogrow

C.canbeplantedmoretimeseachyearD.arenotdamagedbyplantdiseases

54.HowlongdoesittaescientistsattheCentretomaesureacocoaplantissafetogrow?

A.6months.B.12months.C.24months.D.30months.

55.WhatisoneofthepurposesoftheCocoaControlCentre?

A.Tointroducecocoaproductiontomorecountries.

B.ToprovidemorechocolateforBritishpeople.

C.Toproducestrongertypesofcocoaplants.

D.Tomaesurethatcocoaishealthytoeat.

【答案】

51.B

52.D

53.A

54.D

55.C

【解析】

试题分析：

这篇短文讲述的是因为巧克力更受欢迎但是可可的产量下降，因此巧克力变得越越短缺，很多种植可可树的农民都转向种植其他更赚钱的植物。

因此现在英国的研究人员正在努力创造新的可可树。

51.B推理判断题。

第一段中心句为“Accordingtochocolatemaersitcouldhappenifwedon’tactsoon.这里it指的是aworldwithoutchocolate.”故选B。

54.D推理判断题。

根据短文第五段中“First,eachnewplantisstoredattheControlCentreforsimonths”、“ItisthenplantedintheCentre’sfields,studiedandtestedforanothertwoyears.”，可知，需要2年6个月即30个月。

故选D。

55.C细节理解题。

根据短文第四段中“Topreventmorefarmersfromchanging,researchersatthenewlyopenedInternationalCocoaControlCentre,intheU,aretryingtocreatenewcocoaplantsthatarestrongerandfastergrowing.”可知，这个中心是为了创造出更新的可可树，让它们更强壮、生长更快。

故应选C。

【考点定位】科普类短文阅读。

4、【2017年襄阳市初中毕业生学业水平考试英语试题】阅读理解（本大题满分30分，每小题2分）

阅读下面三篇材料，根据材料内容从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该标号涂黑。

Imagineoneday,thewatertaps（水龙头）inyourhousestoprunning.Youhavetobuywaterfromshops.Andstillthereisn’tenoughforeveryone.Yourmotherhastosavethefamily’sshowerwatertodootherthings.Wouldyoubeabletostandthatindoflife?

Probablynot.Butthat’swhatidsinYemenareeperiencing.EpertssaidYemenisgoingtobethefirstcountryintheworldtorunoutofwater.Accordingtoareport,thecapital,Sana,willrunoutofdriningwaterasearlyas2025.

Becauseoftheshortage,thegovernmentoftencutsthewatersupply（供应）.Hannan,an18-year-oldfromLahej,toldTimes“Inagoodweewe’llhaveawatersupplyallwee.Butthenthefollowingweetherewillbewateronlyforadayortwo.”

Hannansaidonlyrichpeoplehaveenoughwatertouse.Theycanbuywaterfromtheshopsorfromthewatertrucs.Privatecompaniesownthetrucs.Theytravelaroundthecityeverydaytosellwater—atveryhighprices.“Alotofpeoplecan’taffordit,”shesaid.

Theaverage（平均）personinYemenuses100to200cubic（立方）metersofwaterperyear.Thatisfarbelowtheint