江苏高考英语阅读理解推理判断题讲解及选练含答案.docx

江苏高考英语阅读理解推理判断题讲解及选练含答案.docx

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江苏高考英语阅读理解推理判断题讲解及选练含答案

江苏2017高考英语阅读理解【推理判断题】讲解及选练（含答案）

阅读理解解题指导

阅读理解历来都是高考英语试卷中难度最大、区分度最高的题型，它要求考生理解文章的主旨和要义；理解文中的具体信息；根据上下文推断生词的词义；理解文章的基本结构；理解作者的意图、观点和态度等。

下面我们来探讨一下高考阅读理解的解题思路。

阅读理解----【推理判断题】

推理判断题主要考查考生对文章的深层理解和挖掘，往往针对作者的态度或观点、文章的隐含意义、文章的写作目的、文章的体裁或者出处来设题考查。

题干中往往含有一些标志性词语:

infer,suggest,imply,conclude等。

命题方式一般有：

Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

Whatdoesthesecondparagraphsuggest?

Whatattitudedoestheauthorofthetexthavetowards…?

Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?

做推理判断题时，考生要注意挖掘文章的隐含信息，从已知获得未知，而不是凭空臆断。

很多文章，尤其是记叙文和议论文，其语境都有一定的褒贬性，这种褒贬性反映了作者的态度、观点及作者的写作意图。

考生应认真阅读文章并找出反映语境褒贬性的关键性词汇或句子，这对我们掌握文章主旨文意、把握作者观点态度，从而正确地进行逻辑推断大有好处。

如：

真题摘选【1】（2013江苏卷C篇）

Ifichthyosaursdidevolveananti-decompressionmeans,theyclearlydidsoquickly—and,moststrangely,theylostitafterwards.ButthatisnotwhatDrRothschildthinkshappened.Hesuspectsitwasevolutioninotheranimalsthatcausedthechange.

64.Rothschildmighthaveconcludedthatichthyosaurs　　　.

A.failedtoevolveananti-decompressionmeans

B.graduallydevelopedmeasuresagainstthebends

C.diedoutbecauseoflargesharksandcrocodiles

D.evolvedananti-decompressionmeansbutsoonlostit

解析：

根据文中信息，如果鱼龙确实曾经进化得到了一种抗减压病的机能，那么这种进化一定会发展很快，但是奇怪的是，它们后来失去了这一机能。

因此DrRothschild可能得出的结论是：

鱼龙没有进化得到一种抗减压病的机能。

【实战演练】

【2016高考训练】阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出最佳选项。

Doyouwanttogethomefromworkknowingyouhavemadearealdifferenceinsomeone'slife?

Ifyes，don'tcareaboutsexorage！

Comeandjoinus，thenyou'll_make_it!

Position：

VolunteerSocialCareAssistant（NoPaywithFreeMeals）

Place：

Manchester

Hours：

PartTime

Wearenowlookingforvolunteerstosupportpeoplewithlearningdisabilitiestoliveactivelives！

Only4daysleft.Don'tmissthechanceoflendingyourwarmhandstohelpothers!

Role：

Youwillprovidepeoplewithlearningdisabilitieswithallaspectsoftheirdailylives.Youwillhelpthemtodevelopnewskills.Youwillhelpthemtoprotecttheirrightsandtheirsafety.Butyourprimaryconcernistoletthemknowtheyarevalued.

SkillsandExperienceRequired：

Youwillhavetherightvaluesandgreatlisteningskills.Youwillbehonestandpatient.YouwillhavetheabilitytodriveacarandtocommunicateinfluentwrittenandspokenEnglishsinceyou'llhavetohelpthosepeoplewithdifferentlearningdisabilities.Previouscarerelatedexperiencewillbeagreatadvantageforyou.

1．Thetextismeantto________.

A．leaveanote

B．sendaninvitation

C．presentadocument

D．carryanadvertisement

2．Whatdoestheunderlinedpartmean?

A．You'llmakeothers'livesmoremeaningfulwiththisjob.

B．You'llarrivehomejustintimefromthisjob.

C．You'llearnagoodsalaryfromthisjob.

D．You'llsucceedingettingthisjob.

3．Thevolunteers'primaryresponsibilityistohelppeoplewithlearningdisabilities________.

A．togetsomefinancialsupport

B．toproperlyprotectthemselves

C．tolearnsomenewlivingskills

D．torealizetheirownimportance

4．Whichofthefollowingcanfirstbechosenasavolunteer?

A．Theonewhocandriveacar.

B．Theonewhohasdonesimilarworkbefore.

C．Theonewhohaspatiencetolistentoothers.

D．TheonewhocanuseEnglishtocommunicate.

答案：

【语篇解读】　本文是一则广告。

广告中招募志愿者，帮助智障人，让智障人意识到他们的重要性。

1．D　解析：

考查推理判断。

从文中Position，Place，Hours，Role以及SkillsandExperienceRequired的相关信息可知，短文为广告。

2．A　解析：

考查句意理解。

从文章中的“Doyouwanttogethomefromworkknowingyouhavemadearealdifferenceinsomeone'slife”以及第二段中的“Ifyes，don'tcareaboutsexorage！

Comeandjoinus,thenyou'll_make_it”可知，you'llmakeit意为“参加广告中的志愿工作，你将让别人的生活更有意义”。

3．D　解析：

考查细节理解。

根据文中Role部分的“Butyourprimaryconcernistoletthemknowtheyarevalued”可知，志愿者的基本工作是让智障人意识到他们的重要性。

4．B　解析：

考查细节理解。

根据文中SkillsandExperienceRequired部分的“Previouscarerelatedexperiencewillbeagreatadvantageforyou”可知，以前有类似工作经历的人优先。

真题摘选【2】（2013课标卷ⅠA篇）

NowsomepeoplemaythinkI’mabadmotherandnotsuchagreatwifeeither.Butasabig-timebargainhunter,Iknowthevalueofadollar.Andthesedays,agooddealissomethingfewofuscanaffordtopassup.

57.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor?

A.Sherarelymissesagooddeal.

B.Sheseldommakesacompromise.

C.Sheisverystrictwithherchildren.

D.Sheisinterestedincheapproducts.

解析：

根据文中第三段可知，作为一名一流的讨价还价高手，作者知道每一美元的价值，由此推断，她几乎不会错过任何一笔能获利的交易，故选A。

【实战演练】

（2015模拟题）

Besidescontainingattractiveflowers，treesandotherplantsthatbeautifythecommunity，ecofriendlyraingardensarehealthyfortheenvironmentandthepeoplelivingandworkingnearby.

Araingardenisnotverydifferentfromatraditionalgarden.Itisjustafarmoreecofriendlygarden.Usuallyitisbuiltlowerthantheground.Raingardensmakesmartuseofrainandstormwaterbytemporarilyholdingwaterfromrainandstormsandlettingitsoak（渗透）slowlyintothegroundbeforeitrunsintostreamsorentersthepublicdrinkingwatersupply.

Thus，araingardenkeepsthewater，allowingittobeusedasneededbyplantsintheraingarden，ratherthanflowingimmediatelyintonearbystreamsandgoingunused.Thewaterwillsoakslowlyintothegroundwithinadayortwo.Thiscreatesanadvantagethattheraingardendoesnotallowmosquitoestobreed.Thisisasimple，attractive，andecofriendly“green”waytotreatstormwater.

What’smore，plantingaraingardenhelpsreducepollutionandimprovetheenvironment.Withoutusingexpensivemachineryandchemicals，raingardensremoveharmfulchemicalsintherainwaterandcutdownontheamountofpollutionreachingstreamsandriversbyupto30%.

Nativeplantsarerecommendedforraingardensbecausetheyaremoreusedtothelocalclimate，soil，andwaterconditions.Theymayattractlocalwildlifesuchasnativebirds.Wateryourraingardenimmediatelyafterplantingandonceaweek，unlessyouhavehadatleastaninchofrainduringtheweek.Oncenativeplantsestablishthenecessaryrootsystem，theywillrequirelittlecare.

Often，localgovernmentsandprivatebusinessesdeveloplargeraingardensintheiryardsandinpublicparksasawaytoimprovetheenvironmentandsolvefloodingproblems.However，youdon’tneedtobeaprofessionallyenvironmentalengineertocreatearaingarden.Aslongasyou’reecoconscioushomeowners，youcanhelptheenvironmentbybuildingsmallerraingardensinyouryards.

1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueforthefunctionofraingardens?

A.Theyaregoodforlivingconditions.

B.Theyincreasepollution.

C.Theycanbeautifythecommunity.

D.Theyimprovetheenvironment.

答案　B

解析　细节理解题。

根据第一段内容“Besidescontainingattractiveflowers，treesandotherplantsthatbeautifythecommunity，ecofriendlyraingardensarehealthyfortheenvironmentandthepeoplelivingandworkingnearby.”可知雨水花园对环境有益，并不会增加污染。

故选B。

2.WhichofthefollowingistheecofriendlyfunctionofraingardensdiscussedinParagraph4?

A.Theycanhelpreducethepollutionproblem.

B.Theycankeeptherainandstormwater.

C.Theycanbehealthyforthepeoplearound.

D.Theycanmaketheenvironmentmorebeautiful.

答案　A

解析　细节理解题。

根据第四段第一句话“What’smore，plantingaraingardenhelpsreducepollutionandimprovetheenvironment.”可知，雨水花园有助于减少污染。

故A正确。

3.Oneofthemainreasonswhynativeplantsarerecommendedisthat.

A.theycostlessandaremucheasiertoget

B.theymayattractlocalwildlifetocome

C.theyrequirelittlecarefromthelocalgardener

D.theyaremoreusedtothelocalgrowingconditions

答案　D

解析　细节理解题。

根据第五段第一句话“Nativeplantsarerecommendedforraingardensbecausetheyaremoreusedtothelocalclimate，soil，andwaterconditions.”可知，建议种本地的植物是因为本地的植物更适应本地的环境。

4.Whatdoweknowaboutraingardens?

A.Theyneedlittlewaterafteralltheplantsareplanted.

B.Theymayattractlocalbirdsandchangethelocalclimate.

C.Theyusuallyneedatleastaninchofrainwateraweek.

D.Theymayreducethewaterpollutionproblemby70%.

答案　C

解析　细节理解题。

由第五段第三句话“Wateryourraingardenimmediatelyafterplantingandonceaweek，unlessyouhavehadatleastaninchofrainduringtheweek.”可知，雨水花园一周需要至少一英尺的雨水。

故选C。

真题摘选【3】（2013课标卷ⅠC篇）

Butwhenaskedwhichauthorstheyactuallyenjoy,peoplenamedJ.K.Rowling,JohnGrisham,SophieKinsella（ah,thebigsellers,inotherwords）.Forty-twopercentofpeopleaskedadmittedtheyturnedtothebackofthebooktoreadtheendbeforefinishingthestory（I’llcomeclean:

Idothisandamastonishedthat58percentsaidtheyhadneverdoneso）.

67.Whatistheauthor’sattitudeto58%ofreaders?

A.Favorable.B.Uncaring.

C.Doubtful.D.Friendly.

解析：

根据文章最后一段特别是astonished可知，作者对58%的人也产生了怀疑，故选择C项。

【实战演练】

真题摘选【4】（2013安徽卷A篇）

TheHealthyHabitsSurvey（调查）showsthatonlyaboutonethirdofAmericanseniorshavecorrecthabits.Herearesomefindingsandexpertadvice.

59.Thetextprobablycomesfrom_____.

A.aguidebookB.apopularmagazine

C.abookreviewD.anofficialdocument

解析：

本文介绍了对美国年长者健康生活习惯的调查结果及专家建议。

这是一份调查报告，出现的地方最可能是杂志，故选B项。

【习题选编】

阅读下面短文，选择最佳答案填空。

B

FourMust-SeeRoute66（66号公路）Attractions

TheUnitedStatesisfullofoddroadsideattractions.Route66ishometosomeoftheoldestandmostknownattractionsofthemall.HerearefourattractionsyoushouldseealongtheMotherRoad:

1.PaulBunyanandaHotDog

Route66travelerspassbymany fiberglass giants（巨人）rightalongtheroad.Thesegiantswereapopularformofadvertisinginthe1960s.Manyofthemstoodinfrontofservicestations.Theyheldcarparts,suchas mufflers.ThecollectionofRoute66giantsbecameknownas“MufflerMen”.Businesseshopedthestrangestatueswouldgettravelers’attention.

Thefirstfiberglassgiantwasa“PaulBunyan”figure,builtintheearly1960s.ItissaidthatPaulBunyanisafamous woodworker.

2.CrownCandyKitchenandJamaicaRay

CrownCandyKitchenhasb