届北京市清华大学中学生标准学术能力诊断性测试高三测试英语试题解析版.docx

届北京市清华大学中学生标准学术能力诊断性测试高三测试英语试题解析版.docx

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届北京市清华大学中学生标准学术能力诊断性测试高三测试英语试题解析版

中学生标准学术能力诊断性测试2020年11月测试

英语试卷

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

AutumnisgreatforEuropeanwalking:

pathsaremud-free,temperaturesaremild,crowdsarefewandbeautifulcolorsabound.ThefollowingarefourEuropeanadventurestowalkyourwaythroughautumn.

TheunknownCilento

SouthofItaly’sAmalfiCoasthidesamuchlessdiscoveredwonderland.AfterstoppingtoviewthemarvelousGreektempleremainsatPaestum,Sherpa’snextdestinationconcentratesontheCilentoNationalPark—firstfollowingitsruggedseashorepasttheoccasionalmyrtlegrove（小树林）,andsandybeach,thenleavingmodernitybehindandventuringinlandtomedieval（中世纪的）hilltoptowns.Home-cookeddinnersconcludeexcitingdaysofgoattracksandghostvillagesbeforeascenicpathleadsbacktotheseaside.Fournights£630halfboard,includingtransport,luggagetransfersandwalkingnotes.LastdepartureOctober31.

Turkishdelights

FollowanimpressivesectionofTurkey’sexpansiveLycianWay,graduallymovingfromcliffstocoastline.You’llbegininpine-filledpeaks,typicallyonshadedpathstoseaviews,andstopatbothapool-boastingupscalehotelandoneoftheYanartasregion’sever-burningflames—possiblyfueledbyamonsterbelow.Afinefishrestaurantcomesnext,thenamile-longsandybeachaheadoftwodaysonlonelyCapeGelidonya,finishingbyitslighthouse.Sixnights£790,includingtenothermeals,transport,luggagetransfersandwalkingnotes.LastdepartureinearlyNovember.

Carpathianclambers

PolandandSlovakiaareseparatedbytheCarpathianMountainsandtheirlargeforest-filledvalleys.StartingandendinginKrakow,thistripcoversbothcountries.Somedaysincludetheoptionofclimbingtosnowypeaksortakingeasier,lower-altitudeoptions,andyou’lllikelymeettheGorals—aculturally-distinctgroupknownas“highlanders”.Mostmemorableactivitywillbewalkingalongthe300m-highDunajecRivertospatownSzczawnica.Sevennights£630,includingtransport,luggagetransfersandwalkingnotes.LastdepartureOctober24.

Flowersandfeta

Greece’sPelionPeninsulaisaplaceknownasthe“LandoftheCentaurs（人首马身的怪物）”foritsassociationwiththemythologicalhorse-humanhybrids.Betweenvillagesofwhitewashed,flower-decoratedstonehouses,walkerscanfollowoldpathsontomountainsides,andwanderthrougholivegrovesorbesidetheglitteringAegeanSea.Somedaysyieldswimmingopportunities,andothersthechancetorechargeinalocalpubofsomebeansoupandfeta-cheesebread.Sevennights£535,includingtransport,luggagetransfersandwalkingnotes.LastdepartureOctober23.

1.WhatcanyoudowhenyouareintheunknownCilento?

A.Swiminapool.B.Haveaspa.

C.Exploremedievaltowns.D.Walkthrougholivegroves.

2.WhichdestinationisyourbestchoiceifyouintendtotraveltoEuropeafterOctober?

A.Turkey.B.Cilento.C.GreeceD.Krakow.

3.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.ItisamonsterthatfuelsthefireinYanartasregion.

B.Mealsarefreewhenyouaretakingthefirstadventure.

C.YoucanenjoyaspafromGoralsinthetownSzczawnica.

D.BeansoupcanbeservedinthepubofGreece’sPelionPeninsula.

【答案】1.C2.A3.D

【解析】

这是一篇应用文。

文章主要介绍了秋天的四个欧洲之旅。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。

根据TheunknownCilento部分“leavingmodernitybehindandventuringinlandtomedieval（中世纪的）hilltoptowns.”可知，把现代化抛在脑后，去内陆的中世纪山顶城镇冒险。

由此可知，在unknownCilento可以探索中世纪的城镇。

故选C。

【2题详解】

推理判断题。

根据Turkishdelights部分“LastdepartureinearlyNovember.”（最后一次出发在十一月初），其他几个线路最后一次出发的时间都在十月份，所以如果打算在十月份后去欧洲旅行，最好选择的目的地是“Turkishdelights”，也就是土耳其，故选A。

3题详解】

细节理解题。

根据Flowersandfeta部分“Greece’sPelionPeninsulaisaplaceknownasthe“LandoftheCentaurs（人首马身的怪物）”foritsassociationwiththemythologicalhorse-humanhybrids.”（希腊佩利翁半岛是一个被称为“人首马身的怪物之地”的地方，因为它与神话中的马人混血儿有关）和“Somedaysyieldswimmingopportunities,andothersthechancetorechargeinalocalpubofsomebeansoupandfeta-cheesebread.”（有些日子有游泳的机会，有些日子则有机会在当地的酒吧里喝豆汤、吃羊乳酪面包），可知D选项“希腊佩利翁半岛的酒吧可以供应豆汤”这一表述正确，故选D。

B

LouGehrig（1903-1941）wasabaseballplayerwiththeNewYorkYankeesfor17seasons.Hewasapowerfulhitterknownas“TheIronHorse”.Gehrigwasastrong,toughandverymoralman.Hisfatherwasoftenout-of-workbecausehewasanalcoholicandhismotherwasamaid.Histwosistersandonlybrotherdiedyoung.Asayoungboy,Gehrighelpedhismotherwithherwork.However,heneverlethistoughstartholdhimback.HestartedplayingfortheYankeesin1923afterattendingColumbiaUniversity,settingmanymajorleaguerecordsduringhiscareer.Thisincludedthemostconsecutivegamesplayed（2130games）,arecordonlybroken56yearslaterin1995.

Sadly,attheageof36,hestartedtotiremid-seasonandhisspeedandcooperationabilityfaded.Heresigned.Soonafterhewasdiagnosedwithaformofmotorneurondiseasenamedamyotrophiclateralsclerosis（ALS）.Hedeliveredhisfarewell-to-baseballspeechtohisteammatesandfanson4JulyofthesameyearattheYankeeStadium.

Afterhisspeech,thecrowdstoodandclappedforalmosttwominutes.TheNewYorkTimesreportedthatitwas“oneofthemosttouchingsceneseverwitnessedonaballfield”.Gehrigdiedtwoyearslaterofthedisease.Thisincreasedawarenessofthediseaseanditssymptoms;inNorthAmericaitisstillcommonlyknownas“LouGehrig’sdisease”.TheLouGehrigMemorialAwardisgiveneachyeartotheMajorLeagueBaseballplayerwhobestexhibitsGehrig’sintegrityandcharacter.

4

WhendidLouGehriggivehisspeech?

A.in1903.B.in1923.C.in1939.D.in1940.

5.WhoaretheaudienceforLou’sspeech?

A.Hisfamily.B.Hisfriends.C.Hisopponents.D.Hissupporters.

6.Whyistheillnessknownas“LouGehrig’sdisease”?

A.LouGehrignamedthedisease.

B.Thisdiseaseisrelatedtoplayingbaseball.

C.PeoplegettoknowthediseaseduetoLouGehrig.

D.ThediseasehadneverappearedbeforeLouGehrigcaughtit.

7.WhatwordcanbestdescribeLouGehrigaccordingtothepassage?

A.Determinedandpersistent.B.Emotionalandpatient.

C.Wealthyandhumorous.D.Gentleandgenerous.

【答案】4.C5.D6.C7.A

【解析】

这是一篇记叙文。

文章介绍了著名棒球运动员LouGehrig，包括他的家庭背景、在棒球领域的成就和以及对人们的影响等。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。

由第二段第一句中“attheageof36”和最后一句“Hedeliveredhisfarewell-to-baseballspeechtohisteammatesandfanson4JulyofthesameyearattheYankeeStadium.”（同年7月4日，他在洋基球场向他的队友和球迷发表了告别棒球的演讲。

）可知LouGehrig演讲时是36岁，再由一段第一句中“LouGehrig（1903-1941）”可知，LouGehrig出生于1903年，他36岁时，应该是1939年。

故选C项。

【5题详解】

细节理解题。

由第二段最后一句“Hedeliveredhisfarewell-to-baseballspeechtohisteammatesandfanson4JulyofthesameyearattheYankeeStadium.”（同年7月4日，他在洋基球场向他的队友和球迷发表了告别棒球的演讲。

）可知，LouGehrig演讲时的观众是他的队友和球迷，这些人都是他的支持者。

故选D项。

【6题详解】

细节理解题。

由第三段第三、四句“Gehrigdiedtwoyearslaterofthedisease.Thisincreasedawarenessofthediseaseanditssymptoms;inNorthAmericaitisstillcommonlyknownas‘LouGehrig’sdisease’”（两年后，Gehrig死于这种疾病。

这提高了人们对这种疾病及其症状的认识；在北美，（现在）它仍然通常被称为“卢伽雷氏病”。

）可知，Gehrig之死，提高了人们对这种病的认识，所以人们开始了解这种疾病是由于LouGehrig。

故选C项。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。

由第一段第二、三句“Hewasapowerfulhitterknownas“TheIronHorse”.Gehrigwasastrong,toughandverymoralman.”（他是一位被称为“铁马”的强力击球手。

格里克是一个强壮、坚强、道德高尚的人。

）以及“However,heneverlethistoughstartholdhimback.”（然而，他从未让艰难的开始阻碍他）可以推断，他是个意志坚强，坚持不懈的人。

A项“坚定且坚持不懈”符合题意。

故选A项。

C

Weknowthatthepandemic（流行病）hashadafar-reachingimpactonourminds—somuchsothatitmayhavechangedtheveryfabricofoursocietyaltogether.Mentalhealthprofessionalsthinkthatthosewithsocialanxietywillnotemergefromthepandemicunaffected.CounsellingDirectorymemberBeverleyBlackmansays,“Forpeoplewithsocialanxiety,lockdownwillmakethemdeeplyanxiousinoneway,andyetareliefinanother.”Headded,“Ononehand,apersonwithsocialanxietymayfeelrelievedthattheynolongerhavetosocializeinperson,buttheymayalsofeelthattheyhavelosttheopportunitytosocializewiththepeopletheyfeelsafeandsecurespendingtimewith,meaningthattheyfeelanewlevelofisolationandadifferentlevelofanxietyaboutsocializinginanyform.Withoutthesecurityofthosetheyfeelsafewith,self-confidencemayverywelldecreaserapidly.Lockdownmayhavehadanegativeimpactonthosewithsocialanxiety.”

DrDariaJ.Kuss,associateprofessorinpsychologyatNottinghamTrentUniversity,says:

“Followingthelockdown,peopleinthiscountrywereallowedtomeetupagain,whichforindividualswithsocialanxietymayhaveledtostressandworry.Theymaynotbecomfortablebeingexpectedtobe‘social’again,especiallywheninlargergroups,andmayworryaboutsayingthewrongthingsandaskingthewrongquestionsastheyarereintegratingintotheirofflinesociallives.”Furthermore,Beverleysaysourevenbiggerrelianceonsocialmediaanddigitalcommunicationinthemidstoflockdowncouldalsohaveanegativeimpactonpeoplewithsocialanxiety.Shesays“Forsomepeoplewithsocialanxiety,communicationbymediacanbeevenharderthancommunicationinperson.Weknowthatwordsformonlyroughly7-10%ofthewayinwhichwecommunicateandthatwerelyonbodylanguage,facialexpression,toneofvoice,andunconscioussignalsbehindwordstoconveyourthoughtsandfeelings.”

Whenitcomestowhatpeoplewithsocialanxietycandotofeelbetterasthelockdownsituationcontinuestoshift,Dr.Kusssays“Irecommendbeingopenandhonestwiththeirsocialenvironments.Friendsandfamilywillempathizewhentheconcernsarevoicedopenly.Engaginginfocusedbreathingandrelaxationmayalsohelpalleviatefeelingsofworryanddiscomfort.Finally,negativethinking（e.g.,“Idon’tknowwhattosay”）maybereplacedwithpositiveones（e.g.,“Iamgoodenough”and“M