英语阅读理解提高训练.docx
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英语阅读理解提高训练
英语阅读理解提高训练
一、高中英语阅读理解
1.阅读理解
Robotsmakemenervous—especiallytheoneswhichseemtothinkforthemselves.IwasembarrassedtoadmitthistillIheardthatBillGates,thefounderofMicrosoft,feltthesameway.
GatessaidinaninterviewwiththesocialnetworkingandnewswebsiteReddit:
"Iaminthecampthatisconcernedaboutsuperintelligence.Firstthemachineswilldoalotofjobsforusandnotbesuperintelligent.Thatshouldbepositiveifwemanagewell.Afewdecadesafterthat,though,theintelligenceisstrongenoughtobeaconcern."
Well,maybeIdon'thavetoworryaboutmycomputerandkitchenequipmentyet.AfterIusethemIcanalwayspulltheplug.Butinthefuture,machinesmightfindawaytopreventusfromswitchingthemoff.There'saterriblethought!
Maybetheproblemwithcomputerstoocleverforusisnotthattheyareevillikesomewe'veseeninsci-fimovies.Whatcouldputusindangeristhattheymightbetooefficient.That'swhatphilosopherNickBostromfromOxfordUniversitybelieves.Hesaysthatmachinesareindifferenttohumansandinpursuitoftheirowngoals,thedestructionofpeoplemightbejustadditionaldamage.Bostromgivesusanexample:
Amachinewhichmighthaveitsonlygoaltoproduceasmanypaperclipsaspossiblemightlookathumanbodiesasextramaterialforpaperclipsandgoafteryou.Becauseitis,well,amachine,itwouldnottakepityonyou.
It'sagoodthingthatAmericanwriterIsaacAsimovthoughtabouthowfarrobotscangoandleftushisthreerulesofrobotics.Theystatethatarobotmaynothurtahumanbeingorallowthehumanbeingtocometoharm.
I'mgladmymachinesathomeare"dumb".Allmycleanerwantstotakeoveristhecarpetinmylivingroom.Let'shopetheydon'tcreateanappliancewhichwantstotakeovertheworld!
(1)TheauthorquotedBillGates'wordsinParagraph2inordertomakethetext________.
A. better-known
B. morepersuasive
C. better-organized
D. moreinteresting
(2)Anintelligentpaperclipmachinewouldharmusbecause_______.
A. itismuchclevererthanus B. itwouldtakeovertheworld
C. ithasthestrongfeelingofdestroyingus
D. itwouldseeusjustasmaterial
(3)HowdoestheauthorfeelaboutIsaacAsimov'srulesofrobotics?
A. Optimistic
B. Worried
C. Disappointed
D. Regretful
(4)Whatdoesthetextmainlyfocuson?
A. Thebenefitsoffuturerobots.
B. Thenewapplicationsofrobots.
C. Theconcernforsuperintelligence.
D. Thepopularityofrobotsinthefuture.
【答案】
(1)B
(2)D
(3)A
(4)C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了智能机器人可能给人类带来伤害以及美国作家Isaac Asimov为此制定了三条机器人规则,作者旨在引起人们对智能机器人的关注。
(1)考查推理判断。
因为比尔盖茨是一个名人,他的观点更有说服力,所以作者才会引用他说的话,让别人更加相信他的观点。
故选B。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第四段中的“Amachinewhichmighthaveitsonlygoaltoproduceasmanypaperclipsaspossiblemightlookathumanbodiesasextramaterialforpaperclipsandgoafteryou.”可知智能的paperclipmachine会把人类当成是加工材料而伤害人类。
故选D。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据第五段中的“It'sagoodthingthatAmericanwriterIsaacAsimovthoughtabouthowfarrobotscangoandleftushisthreerulesofrobotics.”可知作者认为IsaacAsimov所制定的机器人规则是好事情,说明他对此持乐观的态度。
故选A。
(4)考查主旨大意。
根据主题段第一段可知人们对于人工智能,尤其是机器人的迅速发展持有谨慎的态度,认为人工智能的过快发展会影响到人类的未来。
故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,推理判断测和主旨大意三个题型的考查,是一篇科普类阅读,要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
Thegreat-grandmotherislearningEnglishwiththehelpofherfamilywhensheisattheageof91.Shehopestousethelanguageatnextyear'sOlympicGamesinTokyo.Takamizawawasoneofthemorethan200,00peoplewhorequestedtovolunteerforTokyo's2020Games.Englishisnotrequiredforservice,butitisausefulskillforvolunteerstohave.
ButTakamizawahadnotbeenabletolearnthelanguagewhenshewasyoung.TakamizawasaidthatshewasinhighschoolwhenWorldWarTwostarted.Shesaid,"Inmysecondyearthere,Englishwasbannedbecauseitwastheenemylanguage."
Takamizawasaidhergrandchildrenhelpedpersuadeherthatshewasnottoooldtolearn."WhenItalkedtomygrandchildrenaboutmywish,theysaid,'It'snottoolate.Wewillteachyouonewordaday'".NatsukoisTakamizawa'sgranddaughterandmainEnglishteacher.NatsukosendsanewEnglishwordtohergrandmother'sphoneeveryday.TheyalsooftenworktogetherdirectlyonphrasesthatTakamizawawillneedfortheOlympics."WelcometoTokyo,thisistheOlympicstadium,howcanIhelpyou?
"TakamizawaanswerswhenaskedtosayanEnglishphraseshehaslearned.Natsukoexplainsthatshewantedtogivehergrandmothersomethingtoenjoy."IcanclearlyseeherEnglishisgettingbetter.It'smyjoynow."
TheEFEnglishProficiencyIndexisameasureofthelevelofEnglishspokeninacountry.Japanranks49thamongcountrieswhereEnglishisnotthefirstlanguage.ThissituationisslowlychangingasyoungergenerationswelcomeEnglish.However,TakamizawabelievesrealchangewillnothappenunlessJapanesepeoplebecomemoreopentotherestoftheworld.Witharound500daystogountilthegamesbegin,thewholeTakamizawafamilyisreadytowelcometheworldtoTokyo.
(1)Whycouldn'tTakamizawalearnEnglishwhenshewasyoung?
A. BecauseEnglishwasuseless.
B. BecauseshewastooyoungtolearnEnglish.
C. BecauseEnglishwasforbiddentolearn.
D. BecauseshewasunwillingtolearnEnglish.
(2)Whatcanweknowfromthethirdparagraph?
A. Takamizawagetsstrongsupportfromherfamily.
B. Takamizawa'sgrandchildrenloveheralot.
C. NatsukoisTakamizawa'sgranddaughterandonlyEnglishteacher.
D. NatsukoteachesTakamizawaEnglishmainlybytalkingwithher.
(3)Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"Thissituation"inParagraph4referto?
A. EnglishisnotthefirstlanguageinJapan.
B. ThelevelofEnglishspokeninJapanisrelativelylow.
C. YoungergenerationsinJapanwelcomeEnglish.
D. Japanesepeoplebecomeopentotherestoftheworld.
(4)Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
A. Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.
B. Itisnevertoolatetolearn.
C. Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.
D. Twoheadsarebetterthanone.
【答案】
(1)C
(2)A
(3)B
(4)B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,日本91岁的奶奶Takamizawa为了做好迎接在东京举行的2020奥运会的志愿工作,在孙辈的鼓励和帮助下开始学习英语。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“ButTakamizawahadnotbeenabletolearnthelanguagewhenshewasyoung.TakamizawasaidthatshewasinhighschoolwhenWorldWarTwostarted.Shesaid,‘Inmysecondyearthere,Englishwasbannedbecauseitwastheenemylanguage.’”可知,是在她高中二年级时第二次世界大战大战爆发了,而英语因为是敌人的语言被禁止了,故选C。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的”Takamizawasaidhergrandchildrenhelpedpersuadeherthatshewasnottoooldtolearn.‘WhenItalkedtomygrandchildrenaboutmywish,theysaid,‘It'snottoolate.Wewillteachyouonewordaday'”.可知她的孙辈说服并且帮助她学习英语,因此推断她从家人那里得到很大的支持。
故选A。
(3)考查词义猜测。
根据第四段中的“Japanranks49thamongcountrieswhereEnglishisnotthefirstlanguage.”在英语不是第一语言的国家中,日本排名第49位。
可知“Thissituation”指的是在日本人的英语水平相对较低,故选B。
(4)考查主旨大意。
文章主要介绍了日本91岁的奶奶Takamizawa在孙辈的鼓励和帮助下学习英语,从她身上体现了“活到老,学到老”的精神,故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
Google'snewcamera,calledClips,isasmartdevice.Itcomeswithacasethathasaclip(夹子),butit'snotdesignedtobewornonyourclothing.Mostinterestingly,itusesartificialintelligencetotakephotographyoutofyourhandsandcapturesmomentsentirelyonitsown!
Whatsetsthisroughly2-inchby2-inchcamera,withathree-hourbatterylifeandGorillaGlassfortoughnessapartisthatitisspeciallyintendedforcandidmoments,likewhenachilddoessomethingcutethatmayhappentooquicklyforyoutopulloutyoursmartphone.
TheClipsdevice,itusesmachinelearningalgorithms(计算程序)tohelpcapturescenes.Thosealgorithmsincludefacerecognition."Onceitlearnsthatthere'safaceyouseefrequently,it'lltrytogetnicephotosofthosefaces,"saidJustonPayne,thedevice'sproductmanager.Andtheyalsowantittorecognizefacialexpressions,whichinvolved"trainingittoknowwhathappinesslookslike".TheGoogleteamalsotrainedittorecognizewhatnottoshoot—likewhenachild'shandisoverthelens,orifitistossedinadarkpurse.
Theonlywaytoseetheimagesisbyconnectingthecamerawithyourphone,asithasnoscreenforviewingorediting.
Concerneditcouldseemstrange?
Yes,Payneadmitted,buthesaidtheyaddressedthatbymakingitobviouswhatitis.Agreenlightonthefrontsignalsthatitison.Besides,unlikeacamerameanttomonitoryourhome,itisnotconnectedtotheInternet.
"Thisproductisonlypossiblebecauseofthewaythatsilicon(硅)hasadvanced,"Paynesaidthatnowtheycouldsqueezethetechnologydownintoadevicethissize.Goingforward,we'relikelytogetmoreassistancefromtheartificialintelligencepackedintoourappsandgadgets.
(1)WhatisthemostoutstandingfeatureofClips?
A.ItenableseasyInternetaccess.
B.Itisequippedwithtoughglass.
C.Itcanbewornonyourclothing.
D.Itallowsofhands-freephotography.
(2)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"candid"inParagraph2mean?
A.Awkward.
B.Brief.
C.Touching.
D.Unforgettable.
(3)WhatmakesClipsarealityaccordingtoJustonPayne?
A.Theadvanceintechnology.
B.ThepopularityoftheInternet.
C.Thescreenforviewingandediting.
D.Theriseofthesmartphoneindustry.
(4)Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?
A.Newgadgetsintheageofapps.
B.ArtificialintelligenceindailyLife.
C.AnewdigitalcamerafromGoogle.
D.Analternativewaytophotograph.
【答案】
(1)D
(2)B
(3)A
(4)C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了谷歌