医学专业英语14单元术语解释短语和课后习题标准答案.docx
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医学专业英语14单元术语解释短语和课后习题标准答案
Chapter1
HumanBodyasaWhole
MedicalTerminology
Learnthefollowingcombiningforms,prefixesandsuffixes
andwritethemeaningofthemedicalterminthespaceprovided.
1.ahormonesecretedfromtheadrenalgland
2.inflammationoftheadrenalgland
3.pertainingtomedicine
4.pertainingtobiology
5.pertainingtochemistry
6.pertainingtothebloodvessel
7.pertainingtocells
8.pertainingtomolecules
9.pertainingtothemedicineofthelivingthing
10.thestudyofthelivingthing
11.pertainingtothephysicsofthelivingthing
12.thestudyoftheheart
13.thediseaseoftheheart
14.therecordoftheheartwaves
15.thestudyofthehumaninnersecretionfromglands
16.pertainingtotheproductionofhormone
17.thestudyofinnerglandsecretion
18.theredbloodcell
19.thewhitebloodcell
20.thelymphcell
21.thestudyofcell
22.thestudyofchemistryofcell
23.thestudyofbiologyofcell
24.thestudyofembryo
25.thetumoroftheembryo
26.thestudyofthediseaseoftheembryo
27.thestudyofthehumaninnersecretionfromglands
28.pertainingtotheinsideoftheheart
29.pertainingtotheinsideofthecell
30.abovetheskin
31.abovetheskin
32.inflammationoftheskin
33.redbloodcells
34.instrumentofmeasuringredbloodcells
35.tobreatheoutthewastegas
36.todrivesomebodyorsomethingout
37.tospreadoutside
38.sththatproducesdiseases
39.thestudyofblood
40.bloodcells
41.thestudyoftissues
42.thestudyoftissuepathology
43.therapytreatment,hencetissuetreatment
44.pertainingtothebase
45.pertainingtothetoxin
46.pertainingtosymptoms
47.thestudyofbody’sautoprotectionfromdiseases
48.protectedfrom
49.deficiencyintheimmunesystemofthebody
50.substancefromtheadrenalgland
51.waterfromit
52.thestudyofsocieties
53.thestudyofurinarysystem
54.thestudyofcell
55.lymphcells
56.tumorofthelymphaticsystem
57.thestudyofthelymphaticsystem
58.thestudyofphysicalgrowth
59.adoctorofinternalmedicine
60.treatmentbyphysiologicalmethods
61.thenewgrowth,tumor
62.thestudyofmind
63.abnormalconditionofthemind
64.thestudyoftherelationshipbetweenpsychologyandbiology
65.aconditionofoveractivityofthethyroidgland
66.theconditionofunderactivityofthethyroidgland
67.theinflammationofthethyroidgland
68.cuttingapartthehumanbodyasabranchofmedicalsciences
69.cutopenthebone
70.tocuttheheartopen
71.pertainingtothebloodvessel
72.inflammationofthebloodvessel
73.pertainingtothelymphaticsystemandthebloodvessel
KeytotheExercisesB.
1.(embryo)embryology
2.(process/condition)mechanism
3.(heart)cardiovascular
4.(color)chromatin
5.(secretion)endocrinology
6.(cell)cytology
7.(sth.thatproducesorisproduced)pathogen
8.(lymph)lymphatic
9.(thestudyof)psychology
10.(pertainingto)regular
LanguagePoints:
puttogether组成knownas叫做jointsbetweenbones关节
toprovidepointsofattachmentforthemusclesthatmovethebody牵动骨骼肌引起各种运动hipjoint髋关节flexible有韧性的cushioning缓冲replacedbybone骨化
onebonemovesinrelationtotheother两骨彼此靠近产生运动contents物质
nourishment营养物质function发挥功能
wasteproducts废物accumulate积聚
poisonthebody危害生命distributes运送
neededmaterials有用的物质unneededones废物
ismadeupof包括protect…againstforeigninvaders防止外来侵袭(See!
PowerPoint)
identical对等的receives吸收
traveledthrough流经forcedout压送
reenter流入directly直接地
channels管道filters过滤
larynx喉管trachea气管
twolungs左右肺verylargenumberof大量的
airspaces肺泡release释放出
extending延伸到brokendown分解
absorbedinto吸收进chewing咀嚼esophagus食管
KeytotheSectionBPassage1ExercisesB.
1.(Theskeletalsystemconsistsofbones,jointsandsoftbones.)
2.(Heartisgeneratedwhenmusclesarecontracted,whichhelpskeepthebodytemperatureconstant.)
3.(Thecirculationofbloodcarriesusefulmaterialstoallbodycellswhileremovingwasteones.)
4.(Oxygenisinhaledandcarbondioxideisexhaledintheprocessofrespiration.)
5.(Thedigestionoffoodinvolvesbothmechanicalandchemicalprocedures.)
6.(Theurinarysystemkeepsnormallevelsofwaterandofcertainchemicalsinthebody.)
7.(Thepituitaryisamajorglandlocatedunderthebraininthemiddleofthehead.)
8.(Thebraincollectsandprocessesinformationandthensendsinstructionstoallpartsofthebodytobecarriedout.)
9.(Themainfunctionofthemalereproductivesystemistogenerate,transportandkeepactivemalesexcells.)
10.(Thelargestofthebody’sorgans,theskinprotectstheinnerstructureofthebodywithacompletelayer.)
KeytotheSectionAPassage1ExercisesE.
1.cardiovasculardiseases2.functionofthepituitary
3.theurinarytract4.molecules
5.artery6.endocrinology
7.dyspnea/difficultyinrespiration8.saliva
9.histology10.bloodcirculation
11.hematology12.physiology
13.anatomy14.thefemalereproductive
15.nervouscells16.immunology
17.indigestion/poorindigestion18.voluntarymuscle
19.embryology20.psychology
SectionB,Passage2CellsandTissues
LanguagePoints
Organized组(构)成arrangedinto构成inturnaregroupedinto又进一步组成servesitsspecific有特定的bearinmind记住resultfrom源于billions亿万determind确立fiton合在一起bycontrast相比之下machinary机构
whilenormally在正常情况下functionwithgreatefficiency高效地发挥作用aresubjectto易于发生resultin导致millionth百万分之一
equal等于average一般aspeckbarelyvisible基本上看不见的一个小点Thesciencethatdealswithcellsonthesmalleststructuralandfunctionalleveliscalledmolecularbiology.从最小的结构及功能水平研究细胞的科学叫分子生物学。
livingjelly生命胶囊encloses覆盖isdone完成external以外的semipermeable半透性的phospholipid磷脂(膜)intact完整distribute分布diffusion扩散dissolved分解pinocytosis胞饮作用breaksloose分裂出来driftsinto进入variesfrom---to在---范围内变化dependingon取决于vanish消失stiffening增强剂glucose葡萄糖runthrough交织twiststhrough交织穿过
stacks堆appearto看来playapartin对---起作用hereditarytraits细胞特性strands条串toothinlystrung过于稀疏sphericalstructure球体状cavities孔穴coordinates协调
KeytotheExercisesB
1.cytology2.protoplasm3.cellmembrane
4.cellnucleus5.cytoplasm6.deoxyribonucleicacid
7.semipermeable8.molecularbiology9.carbodydrate
10.differentially11.tokeep….intact
12.ontheevidenceof…13.hereditarytrait14.diffusion
15.transaction16.blueprint17.chromosome
18.pigment19.toexcretewasteliquid20.todisperse
21.impulse22.ribonucleicacid
KeytotheExercisesC
1.细胞质的各处以及沿着胞浆网有数量很多的核糖体。
2.位于细胞上的叫做“小穴”的小室收集化学信号,并把它们传送到细胞。
3.研究细胞的科学家已经确立:
一个细胞可能有一个网球那么大,也可能成千上万个细胞合在一起才有针尖那么大。
4.对于那些单细胞的有机体而言,这种液体是题细胞以外的水,即海洋、湖泊或小溪;但对于多细胞的生物而言,这种媒介就是生物体的一部分——对于植物来讲是它的汁液,对于动物来讲是它的血液。
Chapter2DiseasesandDisorders
MedicalTerminology
Learnthefollowingcombiningforms,prefixesandsuffixesandwritethemeaningofthemedicalterminthespaceprovided.
1.withoutsymptoms
2.lackofblood
3.pertainingtotheconditionoflackingshape
4.cuttingapartthebodyasabranchofmedicalsciences
5.examinationthroughseparation,takingthingsapart
6.aspecialistwhoseworkistocarryoutanalysis
7.thex-rayphotoofthebloodvessel
8.surgicalrepaieofthevessel
9.inflammationofthebloodvessel
10.destroysorweakensbacteriaorneutralizesthepoisontheyproduce
11.stimulatestheproductionofantibodies
12.destroysorinhibitsthegrowthofmicroorganismssuchasbacteria
13.sthtodowiththelungs
14.pertainingtotheurinarytract
15.pertainingtoheredity
16.notenough。
lack
17.nolongergenerate,produce,godown
18.ribonucleicacidwithoutoxygen
19.thecompleteknowledgeaboutapatient
20.completeseparationofwastematterfrom…
21.acrossmeasurementofaroundsurface
22.themachinewhichrecordstheheartelectricwaves
23.therecordofthemuscleelectricwave
24.therecordofelectricwaveofthebrain
25.withinaparticulargroupofpeople
26.toclosein
27.toswallowin
28.completeknowledgeofapatient
29.thestateofknowingsthbeforeitactuallyoccurs
30.recordofelectricwaveoftheheart
31.anx-rayphotoofthebloodvessel
32.anx-rayphotoofthemuscle(spinalcord)
33.themachinewhichrecordstheheartelectricwaves
34.theinstrumentwhichmeasuresthetime
35.theinstrumentwhichmeasuresthebreath
36.theprocessoftakingX-rayphotograph
37.theprocessofusingultrasoundtodetecttheabnormalityofthebody
38.inflammationoftheliver
39.thecelloftheliver
40.pertainingtotheliverandstomach
41.inflammationofthecolon
42.inflammationofthestomach
43.inflammationoftheintestine
44.theprocessoftakingx-rayphotosofthebreasts
45.x-rayphotosofthebreasts
46.surgicalreconstructionofthebreasts
47.theinstrumentformeasuringamountofairbreathedintothelungs
48.theinstrumentformeasuringtemperatures
49.theinstrumentformeasuringpressure
50.theabnormalconditionofhardening
51.abnormalmindcondition
52.pertainingtoinfection
53.pertainingtothenerve
54.pertainingtothemucus
55.thestudyofdiseases
56.theinstrumenttorecorddiseases
57.germsthatproducediseases
58.atapeofcellofthebodydefensesystemdestroysinvaders
59.thestudyofhowthecellofthebodydefensesystemdestroysinvaders
60.surgicalrepairofthebloodvessel
61.surgicalrepairofthebone
62.surgicalrepairofthemuscle
63.statusofawomanbeforeherlabor
64.tomakestatementaboutthefutureevent
65.beforeitismature
66.pertainingtothelungs
67.thestudyofthelungs
68.inflammationofthelungs
69.thesciencewhichdealswithxrayor