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补习
课程1——分清词类:
能在英语句子中熟练弄清每个单词的词性。
1.分清词性至关重要:
要学好英语,第一件事就是分清词类。
(词性就是词类)
Weloveourmotherland.
我们热爱我们的祖国。
主语:
we:
代词(名词性)
谓语:
love:
动词
宾语:
motherland:
名词
定语:
our:
代词(形容词性)
分清词类(词性)是划清句子成份的基础,而划清句子成份是掌握语法的基础。
2.词类:
名词n.代词pron.数词num.形容词adj.动词v.副词adv.冠词art.介词prep.连词conj.感叹词interj.
请判断下列词的词性:
smallveryandtheyfromgirlknowninetheoh
实词:
名词代词数词形容词动词副词:
能在句子中独立充当成份
虚词:
冠词介词连词感叹词:
不能在句子中独立充当成份,要依附实词才行
Ilikethemoon.I是代词,实词,当主语;the是冠词,虚词,依附于名词moon当宾语
3.请判断下列词的词性(用英语缩写,例如,push推动v.):
purpose目的afteraneedbutbeautiful100littlelampsmokingwithdownletter
判断上面每个名词是可数名词还是不可数名词。
4.请判断下列句子中每个单词的词性:
Hehastwoaunts.他有两个姑姑。
Ihadadreamlastnight.我昨晚做了一个梦。
PandasarefoundinSichuan.熊猫出在四川。
Anewcenturyhasjustbegun.新世纪刚开始。
Iwishyouluck.我祝你好运。
Wehavejusticeonourside.正义在我们一边。
Thesearenewwords.这些是生词。
Anowlcanseeinthedark.猫头鹰能在夜间看东西。
Theyorderedthreecupsofcoffee.他们要三杯咖啡。
Themoonhadrisen.月亮已经升起。
判断上面每个动词v.是及物动词vt.还是不及物动词vi.
5.请判断这段字中每个单词的词性:
Whichthemeparkwouldyouliketovisit?
Therearevariouskindsofthemeparks,witha
differentparkforalmosteverything:
food,culture,science,cartoons,moviesorhistory.Some
parksarefamousforhavingthebiggestorlongestrollercoasters.
作业
1.写出下列初中单词的意思和词性
Arrive____________article_____________ashamed______________
Balloon___________behind______________camera_______________
Accident__________actually____________against______________
Favourite_________fashion_____________follow_______________
handsome__________how_________________increase_____________
into______________itself______________keyboard_____________
2.写出下列词组的意思和词性(例如:
atdusk_在黄昏adv__)
keepone'sword______________laughat__________________
leaveamessage_____________lookup___________________
makemistakes_______________mobilephone______________
nolonger___________________notatall________________
onceuponatime____________oughtto__________________
3.写出下列句子中每个单词的词性。
(1)Festivalsandcelebrationsofallkindshavebeenheldeverywheresince
ancienttimes.
(2)Festivalscanalsobeheldtohonourfamouspeople.
(3)WangPengsatinhisemptyrestaurantfeelingveryfrustrated.
4.写出下段话中每个单词的词性
LiDaiyuandhercousinLiuQianwereonatriptoCanadatovisittheir
cousinsinMontrealontheAtlanticcoast.Ratherthantaketheaeroplane
alltheway,theydecidedtoflytoVancouverandthentakethetrainwestto
eastacrossCanada.
5.请用中文概括一下:
在一句话中,名词代词数词形容词动词副词一般都出现在什么位置上。
(没标准答案,随便说一下。
)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________课程2——划清句子成份:
能够在英语句子中找出主、谓、宾、定、状、补
1.主语+谓语:
Iknow.主语+(系动词+表语):
Iamhappy.
主语+谓语+宾语:
Iplayfootball.:
及物动词和不及物动词的区别?
(定语+主语)+(状语+谓语)+(定语+宾语)
Coldwaterslowlybecamewhiteice.
2.练习:
把课程1里面的4和5部分划清句子成份。
单词词性和句子成份之间有什么关系吗?
3.简单句到复合句
Ilikeice-cream.DoyouknowIlikeice-cream.(划句子成份,两句区别?
)
简单句只有一个主谓结构,复合句有多个主谓结构。
复合句里面包括主句和从句。
请划清下列复合句中的句子成份。
She’dliketooffermoneytowhoeverneedsittocontinuehisorherstudy.
Energyiswhat makesthingswork.
Doyouthinkthereasonwhichhegaveisbelievable?
4.划清句子成份对解题的帮助。
1._________we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.
A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where
.2._________shecouldn’tunderstandwas__________fewerandfewer
studentsshowedinterestinherlessons.
A.What;why B.That;what C.What;because D.Why;that
首先,划清句子成份可以更好地理解句子的意思,对阅读帮助最大;另外,对有从句子的单选题有降低题目难度的作用。
5.划出句子主干:
主谓宾
Infact,theroomwasnotmadetobeagift.ItwasdesignedforthepalaceofFrederickI.However,thenextKingofPrussia,FrederickWilliamI,towhomtheamberroombelonged,decidednottokeepit.In1716hegaveittoPetertheGreat.Inreturn,theCzarsenthimatroopofhisbestsoldiers.SotheAmberRoombecamepartoftheCzar'swinterpalaceinStPetersburg.Aboutfourmetreslong,theroomservedasasmallreceptionhallforimportantvisitors.
作业:
1.划清这篇文章中每个句子的主干,分句也要划(2012高考第一篇阅读)
SomepeoplebelievethataRobinHood(英语绿林好汉,罗宾汉)isatwork,othersthatawealthypersonsimplywantstodistribute(分配)hisorherfortune(财富)beforedying.Butthedonator(捐赠者)whostartedsendingenvelopeswithcashtodeservingcauses,accompanied(随着)byanarticlefromthelocalpaper,hasmadeanorthernGermancitybelieveinfairytales(童话).
Thefirstenvelopewassenttoavictim(受害者)supportgroup.Itcontained€10,000withacuttingfromtheBraunschiveigerZeitungabouthowthegroupsupportedawomanwhowasrobbedofherhandbag;similarplainwhiteanonymous(匿名)envelopes,eachcontaining€10,000,thenarrivedatakindergarten(幼儿园)andachurch.
Theenvelopeskeepcoming,andsofaratleast€190,000hasbeendistributed(分配).Lastmonth,oneofthemwassenttothenewspaper'sownoffice.ItcameafterastoryitpublishedaboutTom,a14-year-oldboywhowasseverelydisabled(严重残废)inaswimmingaccident.Thereceptionist(接待员)attheBraunschiveigerZeitungopenedananonymous(匿名的)whiteenvelopetofind20notesof€500insidewithacopyofthearticle.Thenameofthefamilywasunderlined.
“IwasdrivingwhenIheardthenews,"ClaudiaNeumann,theboy'smother,toldDerSpiegelmagazine.“Ihadtoparkonthesideoftheroad;Iwasspeechless(无言的)."
Themoneywillbeusedtomaketheentrancetotheirhousewheelchair-accessible(轮椅)andforacourseoftreatmentthattheirinsurancecompanyrefusedtopayfor.
"Forsomeonetoactsoselflessly,forthistohappeninsuchasocietyinwhicheveryonethinksofhimself,wasastonishing,"Mrs.Neumannsaid.HerfamilywonderwhetherthedonatorisaRobinHoodcharacter,takingfrombankstogivetotheneedy.
HenningNoske,theeditoroftheBraunschiveigerZeitung,said:
"Maybeitisanoldpersonwhoisabouttodie.Wejustdonotknow."However,hehastoldhisreportersnottolookforthecity'shero,forfearthatdiscoverymaystopthedonations.
56.TheBraunschiveigerZeitungisthenameof______.
A.achurchB.abank
C.anewspaperD.amagazine
57.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthedonationtoTom?
A.Thedonationamountedto€190,000.
B.Thedonationwassentdirectlytohishouse.
C.Themoneywillbeusedforhiseducation.
D.Hismotherfeltastonishedatthedonation.
58.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat_____.
A.thedonatorisaricholdman
B.thedonationwillcontinuetocome
C.thedonationcomesfromthenewspaper
D.thedonatorwillsoonbefoundout
59.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A.MoneyIsRaisedbytheNewspaper.
B.NewspaperDistributesMoneytotheNeedy.
C.UnknownHeroSpreadsLoveinEnvelopes
D.RobinHoodReturnstotheCity
课程3——理解并判断出句子的各种时态
英语共有十六种时态,其表现形式如下(以study为例)
一般时 进行时 完成时 完成进行时
现在study bestudying havestudied havebeenstudying
过去studied bestudying hadstudied hadbeenstudying
将来willstudywillbestudying willhavestudiedwillhavebeenstudying
过去将来wouldstudywouldbestudying wouldhavestudied wouldhavebeenstudying
时态(Tense)是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。
因此,当我们说时态结构的时候,指的是相应时态下的动词形式。
1.一般现在时
用法:
A现在发生的动作情况状态和特征。
B习惯用语。
C)经常性习惯性动作。
2.现在进行时(bedoing)用法:
现在正在进行的动作。
3.现在完成时(havedone)用法:
表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成。
4.现在完成进行时(havebeendoing)
用法:
表示某一动作开始于过去某一时间,延续或重复地出现至今,或将继续延续至将来。
5.一般过去时
用法:
表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。
6.过去完成时(haddone)用法:
表示在过去的某个时间或动作以前已经发生的动作或已经存在的状态。
就是我们常说的:
表示"过去的过去的动作或状态"。
7.过去将来时(would/shoulddo)
用法:
表示从过去的某个时间看将要发生的事。
8.过去进行时(was/weredoing)用法:
A)表示在过去一个比较具体的时间正在发生的动作。
9.一般将来时
用法:
基本结构是will/shalldo。
10.将来进行时(willbedoing)
用法:
强调在将来的某个具体时间正在发生的动作或事情。
11.将来完成时(willhavedone)
用法:
表示从将来的某一时间开始、延续到另一个将来时间的动作或状态,或是发生在某个将来时间,但对其后的另一个将来时间有影响的动作或状态。
就好象把现在完成时平移到时间轴的将来时时段一样。
其用法从和过去及现在有关,变成了和将来及将来的将来有关。
12)将来完成进行时:
shallhavebeendoing,willhavebeendoing
13)过去完成进行时:
hadbeendoing//14)过去将来进行时:
shouldbedoing,wouldbedoing
15)过去将来完成时:
shouldhavedone,wouldhavedone//16)过去将来完成进行时:
shouldhavebeendoing,wouldhavebeendoing
作业
判断句子时态并翻译
Weshallsendheraglasshand-madecraftasherbirthdaygift.
______________________________________________________________
IsaidonThursdayIshouldseemyfriendthenextday.
_______________________________________________________________
ShewillbewearingaredT-shirtandawhiteskirtatthattime.
_________________________________________________________________
Ibelievedbytheendofthatyearanadvancedversionofthatsoftwarewouldhavebeendeveloped,butIwaswrong
_________________________________________________________________
Wehavebeenworkingonthisprojectforoveramonthnow.
单项选择
1.Untilthen,hisfamily_________fromhimforsixmonths.
A)didn'thear C)hasn'theard B)hasn'tbeenhearing D)hadn'theard
2.Iassureyouthatthematter_______asquicklyaspossible.Havealittlepatience.
A.willbeattendedB.willbeattendedto
C.isattendedD.isattendedto
3.Iwas_______thepointoftelephoninghimwhenhisletterarrived.
A)in B)to C)at D)on
4.Theconference__________afullweekbythetimeitends.
A)musthavelasted B)willhavelasted
C)wouldlast D)haslasted
5.GreatasNewtonwas,manyofhisideas___________todayand arebeingmodifiedbytheworkofscientistsofourtime.
A)aretochallenge C)havebeenchallenged
B)maybechallenged D)arechallenging
6.Iboughtanewhouse,butI_________myoldoneyet,soatthemomentIhavetwohouses.
A)didn'tsell B)sold C)haven'tsold D)wouldsell
课程4——各种时态的被动语态
一、