高中英语必修一unit5单词讲解.docx
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高中英语必修一unit5单词讲解
高中英语必修一unit5单词讲解
1.qualityn.
1）Animportantqualityinaneighborisconsiderationforothers.（）
2）Onequalityofwoodisthatitcanburn.（）
3）Thequalityofeducationinthissmallschoolisbetterthanthatinsomelargerones.（）
4）beofhigh/good/low/poor/topquality
quantity
small/hugequantitiesoffood/water/books/goods…
2.generousvs.meanadj.
1）Sheismean_____moneybutgenerous_____me.
2）Heis______andhetreatedthemwith______andthoughtfulness.
3）Itwasvery_______ofyoutoforgivehim.
4）Don'tbeso______tohim.Afterall,heisyourlittlebrother.
vt.meant,meant
1）Theflashinglightmeans（that）youmuststop.
2）Mychildmeanstheworldforme.
3）I_______________（mean）hurtyou.
4）Thatwouldmean_________（waste）alotoflabor.
5）Thechair________________（mean）achild.
3.devotevt.献身于；专心于
1）Mr.Reedmadeuphismindtodevoteallhissavingsto_______（set）upsomeschoolsforpoorarea.
2）_______（devote）tohisscientificwork,hehasnotimetocareforhisfamilyaffairs,_______,ofcourse,hiswifealwayscomplainsabout.
3）Thetimeandefforthehasdevotedduringthepastfewyears___________（plant）treesinthatremoteareaisnowconsideredtobeofgreatvalue.
devoteone’stime/energy/efforts/oneselftosth/doingsth
bedevotedto...devotedadj.
getusedto…
lookforwardto..
payattentionto..
stickto..
5.foundfounderfoundation
6.principle
1）Irefusetolie;it’s_____myprinciple.
2）theprinciplesofphysics.
Sunstronglybelievedinthethreeprinciples:
______;______;______.
7.guidancev._______
1）undertheguidanceofsb.
2）offerguidanceon…
8.outofwork=outofajob/employment
___________forayear,hehadtobedependentonhisfamily.
outofbreath/balance/date/control/reach/sight
outoforder/trouble/question/thequestion
If you persist, your success is out of question.
9.hopefuladj.
1）Ifeel_____（hope）thatwe’llfindasuitablejobsoon.
2）Hewasvery_____（hope）abouttheoutcomeoftheexam.
3）______（hope）,myadvicewillmakeadifferencetoyourEnglishstudy.
10.votevi.
1）Hewasgratefultothosewho____________him.
2）Nowwewill________thequestion.
3）Weshould________decidewhodothedishestoday.
11.attackvt./n.
1）Thegeneralcommandedthatwe________theenemyrightaway.
2）Itshockedhertohearthathergoodfriend____________cancer.
3）Thecitywas__________atmidnightwithoutwarning.
beunderattack
makeanattackon/against…
airattack
aheartattack
12.violence
1）Thesemodernskyscrapersdoviolencetothebeautyoftheoldcitywithalonghistory.
2）Thewindblewwithgreatviolence.
violentadj.violentlyadv.
13.asamatteroffact
1）Hedoesn’tmind.Asamatteroffact,he’spleased.
2）There’snoreasontobedisappointed.Asamatteroffact,thiscouldberatheramusing.
Actually;in（actual）fact;ineffect;intruth;inreality
14.blowup?
?
_
1）Theyareuncertainaboutthetimewhenthebomb__________yesterday.
2）Mybiketyresneedblowingup.=____________.
3）I'msorryIblewupatyou.
15.equal
adj.Notallmenareequalinability.（）
Iamnotequaltothetasks/challenge.（）
v.Twoplustwoequalsfour.（）
Nooneequalshiminstrength.（）
n.Instory-tellingshehadnoequal/waswithoutequal.
Noonecouldbehisequalattellingstories.（）
1）Sheisveryweakandnotequal____makingalongjourney.
2）Dividethecakeintoquartersandshareit_____（equal）
3）Anyone,whetherheisanofficialorabusdriver,shouldbe_____（equal）respected.
16.willingn._______
bewilling/unwillingtodo
Wherethereisa_______,thereisaway.
17.turnto
1）WhydidNelsonMandelaturntoviolencetomakeblackandwhitepeopleequal?
2）WheneverIhaveproblems,Ialwaysturntomyteacher.
turndown
1）Don’tforgettoturndownthegasafteranhour.
2）Ithankedforherofferbutturneditdown.
turnup
1）Turnuptheradioplease.Icouldn’thearitclearly.
2）Shutup!
Youevendidn’tturnupinmywedding.
turnout
1）IfIhadknownmylifewasgoingtoturnoutlikethis,Iwouldhaveletthemkillme.
turnin
1）Imighttodayhesitatetoturninaburglar.
2）Theofficialshoweduptotellhertoturninherlibrarybooks.
turnon
turnover
1）Lizpickeduptheblueenvelopeandturneditovercuriously.
2）Ifyouturnsomethingoverinyourmind,youthinkcarefullyaboutit.
turnaway
Hardtimesareforcingcommunitycollegestoturnawaystudents.
1）--Whydoesshealwaysaskyouforhelp?
--Thereisnooneelse____,isthere?
A.whototurntoB.shecanturnto
C.forwhomtoturnD.forhertoturn
2）---Youlookupset.What’sthematter?
---Ihadmyproposal_____again.
A.turnedoverB.turnedon
C.turnedoffD.turneddown
1.escape
escapefrom+sp.
escape+doingsth.
Hernameescapedme.
Thematterhasquiteescapedmymemory.
我们很幸运，没有受罚。
_______________________________________
14.reward报酬，报答，赏金
Arewardforgoodbehavior
rewardsbwithmoneyforsth/doingsth
WinnerswillberewardedatriptoEngland.
Shestartedsingingtothebabyandwasrewardedwithasmile.
rewardsbwithmoneyforsth/doingsth
awardvs.reward
award
n.[C]奖，奖品（prize）；奖金（scholarship,bonus）
vt.授予，给予
Hewonthesecondaward/prize.
Hewontheawardof$10000.
Shewasawardedthefirstprize.
A____willbeofferedtotheinformationleadingtothearrestofthebankrobber.
A.priceB.fundC.rewardD.profit
Hewasnominatedforthebestactor____.
A.rewardB.scholarshipC.awardD.result
15.setup
setup
setaboutdoingsth
setouttodosth
setasideSomedoctorsadvisesettingasideacertainhoureachdayforworry.
setoff/outfor+地点=start/leave/sailfor+地点
setoffWhathesaidhassetoffouranger.
besetin
1）You’dbetterset_____somemoneyforurgentuse.
2）Wewillset____forAfricatomorrow.
3）Let’sset____thetentfirstandthenbuildthefire.
4）Thisfilmisset____NewYork.
5）Heset____learningChineseatageten.
--WhywasProfessorLiuthunderingintheclassroomyesterday?
--Astudent’sinterruptinghisspeech___theburstofhisanger.
A.setupB.setoutC.setaboutD.setoff
position
…wewereputintoapositioninwhichwehadeithertoacceptwewerelessimportant,orfightthegovernment.
Theseplantswillgrowwellinashelteredposition.
Thisputhimandhiscolleaguesinadifficultposition.
inposition/outofposition
vt.Shequicklypositionedherselfbehindthedesk.
Whenheappliedfora____intheofficeofthelocalnewspaper,hewastoldtoseethemanager.
A.locationB.professionC.careerD.position
Theenemy’s_____wasmarkedonthemap.
A.situationB.directionC.positionD.condition
17.fightn.打架，战斗，斗志vi.打仗，搏斗，对抗，打架vt.与...打仗，反对
（1）.Youhavetofightforyourrights.
你必须为你的权利而奋斗。
（2）.EnglandandFrancefoughtagainstRussiaintheCrimeanWar.
在克里米亚战争中,英、法两国与俄国作战。
（3）.Heandhiswifearealwaysfightingovertriflingmatters.
他和他妻子总是为琐事争吵。
（4）.Theyfoughttheiroppressorswithallkindsofweapons.
他们用各种武器对抗压迫他们的人。
（5）.Thebattlewasfoughtinthemountains.
这一仗是在山里打的。
（6）.Theyfoughtthebillfiercely.
他们激烈反对这项议案。
（7）.Whowonthefight?
谁赢得了这场战斗?
（8）.Theirfightswerealwaysovermoney.
他们的争吵总是为了钱的问题。
（9）.Hehasplentyoffightinhim.
他斗志旺盛。
fightfor为…而战，而奋斗
fightagainstv.对抗；反对；与……作斗争
fightwith与…并肩战斗；为反对…而战斗；与…打架
fightback回击；抵抗
fighton继续战斗
fightoffvt.击退；排斥；竭力避免
fightfirewithfire以火攻火；以毒攻毒
fightforone'slife病危
18.prison表示蹲监狱时，其前面不用冠词
beinprison在狱中，被监禁（状态）
beoutofprison出狱
put...inprison=send...toprison（动作）=throw...toprison
类似：
bed,church,class,college,hospital,school,university,market
n.监狱[C][U]；监禁[U]；拘留所[C]vt.监禁,关押
（1）.Hewassenttoprisonfordamagingpublicproperty.
他因破坏公共财产被处监禁。
（2）.Aretherealternativestoprison?
除了监禁还有其他办法吗?
escapefromprison越狱
prisonsentencen.徒刑
gotoprison入狱；被监禁
beputinprison被送去坐牢
19.as...as+主语+can/could=as...as+possible
20.stage①阶段，时期（at,in）②舞台（on）
Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress,untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.
atanearlystage
setthestagefor
be/goonthestage
stagebystage
Theyaremerelypassers-byonthestageofhistory.
Theproductisatthedesignstage.
24.degree:
n①学位：
getadegree②度，度数10degrees③程度，等级
highdegree高度；高地位
bachelor'sdegree学士学位
master'sdegreen.硕士学位
college/universitydegree大学文凭；大学学位
tosomedegree在某种程度上；有点，稍微
toadegree在某种程度上，在一定程度上；非常
inone'sdegree按照其本身的情况（或程度）
insomedegree在某种程度上
25.强调：
do,does,did后面的动词要原形
26.rewardn.报酬，奖金v.酬劳，奖赏
awardn.奖品，奖项v.授予，判给
awardsbsth
（1）.Hemadepromisesofalargereward.
他许下要给大报酬的诺言。
（2）.HowcanIrewardyouforyourkindness?
我怎样才能报答你的好意呢?
（3）.Thisnewinventionwonthehighestaward.
这项新发明获得最高奖。
（4）.However,IdonotwanttosoundlikeaHollywoodactoracceptinganaward.
然而，我不想听起来像一个正在接受奖项的好莱坞演员。
（5）.Itisthecustomofthisacademytomakeanannualawardforoutstandingresearchersinchemistry.
每年向杰出的化学研究人员发奖是这个学会的惯例。
inreward作为报酬/答
rewardfor因…的酬谢；作为…的回报
asarewardfor作为…的报酬；作为…的回报
getnothinginreward
rewardsbwithsth/for（doing）sth
academyaward奥斯卡金像奖；学院奖（美国电影艺术科学院颁发的年度奖项）
awardceremony颁奖仪式，颁奖典礼
specialaward特别奖
升级会员 