整理185话题按关键词分类.docx

整理185话题按关键词分类.docx

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整理185话题按关键词分类

185话题按关键词分类

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082,145;

Build:

005,016,025,026,030,079,113;

Characteristics&qualities:

015,018,022,046,062,093,103,121,179;

Child:

020,060,061,066,076,112,114,130,133,134,142,150,166;

Class:

014,075,175;

Communication:

049,088,160;

Computer:

073,100,157,167;

Decision:

055,061,120,158;

Dormitory:

099,105;

Education:

001,002,004,014,017,020,038,039,061,066,068,069,072,073,075,076,

077,107,108,112,114,124,125,128,130,134,137,142,143,168,172,175;

Celebrities:

028,079,089,090,091,158,162;

Food:

003,013;

Friendship:

062,110,111,117,173;

Game:

136,148;

Government:

019,095,100,113;

Humanityvs.science:

104,124,125,129;

Life:

003,009,013,021,031,036,054,059,092,096,148;

Media:

007,008,028,057,082,145,150,180,183;

Money:

011,019,032,033,048,053,056,071,095,097,100,131,147,162,167,173,177,185;

Neighborhood:

005,006,015,016,025,026,030,052,079,113;

Personalphilosophy:

027,040,054,055,059,060,063,071,101,109,110,115,116,118,

121,122,123,126,133,136,138,140,144,146,148,158,164,184;

Socialproblem:

023,029,034,037,041,058,065,072,095,097,100,104,

135,150,153,154,162,168,174,181,182;

Teachers:

002,017,068,102,175;

Technology:

036,054,039,070,073,081,083,084,088,150,157;

Television:

007,008,028,035,150,157;

Time:

071,110,111,115,146;

Travel:

044,074,106;

University:

001,011,014,093,099,105,107,113,129;

Work&success:

010,027,040,042,047,048,050,051,053,064,067,078,131;

Notlistedabove:

012,024,043,045,084,085,086,087,094,098,119,132,139,141,

149,151,152,155,156,159,161,163,165,169,170,171,176,178.

句法多样性专题（SyntacticVariety）

1.并列

a）并列大量名词:

n1,n2,n3,…,andnn

i.A,B,C,…andotherXs…

ii.X,such[Y]asA,B,C…,…

History,philosophy,fundamentalmathematics/calculus,andotherabstractsubjectshavetobelearnedfrombooks,orprimarilyfrombooks.

Someknowledge,suchabstractsubjectsashistory,philosophy,fundamentalmathematics/calculus,hastobelearnedfrombooks,orprimarilyfrombooks.

Itisnecessaryforeveryonetoreadimaginativeliterature,suchaspoetry,novels,ormythology.

Itisnecessaryforeveryonetoreadpoetryandothertypesofimaginativeliteraturesuchasnovelsandmythology.

1.并列

b）并列名词性成份:

n.+what/how/whether/if…[并列复杂句]

i.what=somethingthat

ii.how=theway/mannerinwhich

Mostparentseducatetheirchildrenmerelybyinstinctratherthanbyproperpedagogy,andusuallydonotcareabouttheirrelationshipwithchildrenandhowsuchneglectinfluencesthefuturedevelopmentoftheirchildren.

Moststudentsareeagertoobtainknowledge,buttheylackthesenseofwhatisgood,orwhatisnecessaryandhowsuchadeficiencyintheconceptofviewingthesituationasawholewouldmisleadthem.

1.并列

c）并列形容词性成份

i.a1anda2+n

ii.a1+yet/but+a2+n

iii.a1,a2+n+that…

iv.a1,a2,soa3that/asto…

asmalltown􀃆asmallandpeacefultown

agoodteacher􀃆agoodandveryimpressiveteacher

astupiddecision􀃆astupidandincorrigibledecision

…

simpleyeteffectivemethod

adirectandsimpleyetmagicallyeffectivemethod

anirrationalyetunderstandabledecision

afairandbalance,yetundesirabledecision

obviousyetnotthemostsignificantreason

expensiveyetworthycourse

slowyetindispensableprocess

Aweird,entertaining,yetTRUEstory....

Alladultbirdsmolttheirfeathersatleastonceayear,anduponcloseobservation,onecanrecognizethefrayed,raggedappearanceoffeathersthatarenearingtheendoftheirusefullife.

[T0105-P02-L3]

Moststudentscanhardlystandforhistypicallydryanddulllecturesthatwouldnormallycontinueatleastseveralquarterswithoutgivinganyessentialinformation.

Theimpactthattechnologyhashadonourdailylifeandsocietyingeneral,isundeniable.Itwillbecomeevengreaterascomputersgetfaster,smaller,smarter,andsoinexpensivethatvirtuallyeveryonewillbeabletoownone.

Aclassledbyalethargicteachercouldbeextremelydull,dry,andsoboringthatdriveseverybodyintheclassintosleep.

Learninginessenceisaprocessthatistime-consuming,painstaking,andsohardthatvirtuallyonlypersistentfewcanfinallyhaveasenseofrealachievement.

1.并列

d）并列副词性成份

i.ad1andad2

ii.ad1+yet/but+ad2

iii.ad1,ad2,prep.

iv.ad1,ad2,soad3that/asto…

Aconscientiousteacheralwaysprepareshislecturecarefully,intelligently,andwiththefullconsiderationofallpossibleaspectsconcerningthesubject.

1.并列

e）并列动词

i.并列动词

a）…v1…,v2-ing…,v3-ing…

ii.并列句子

b）…,andtherefore/thus/consequently/subsequently…

c）notonly/simply/merely…butalso/…aswell/even…

d）neither…nor…

e）notthat…butthat…

f）并列从句:

…that…,andthat…[并列复杂句]

iii.that引导的宾语从句

iv.that引导的定语从句

v.that引导的主语从句

Anabsent-mindedteacherlacksdrivetomakeclassintenselyfocused,oftenpreparingnothinginadvance,wanderingamongrandomtopics,thuswastingandkillingtimesofindustrialstudents.

􀁺主语相同的两个句子并列，“and”对应的中文应该是“也”。

Bookskeeprecordsofthoughtsandideas,andarethemajorsourcefromwhichpeopleobtainknowledge.

书本记录着思想和理念，也．是人们获取知识的主要来源。

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therefore

􀁺2.…,andthus…

consequently

subsequently

assuch

Bookskeeprecordsofthoughtsandideas,andarethereforethemajorsourcefromwhichpeopleobtainknowledge.

书本记录着思想和理念，所以也．．．是人们获取知识的主要来源。

Historyhastobevagueandambiguous,andistherefore/thussointerestingthatmanyareobsessed,becausepeoplealwayscannothelptryingtoknowthetruth.

历史必然模糊含混，也正是如此，它才那样有趣以至于很多人都被深深的吸引，因为人们总是忍不住要追寻真理。

Chinesechildrenunfortunatelyhavefewrightstomaketheirowndecisions,andsubsequentlyoftenhavetodothingsthattheydonotenjoydoingatall.

很不幸孩子们很少有自作主张的权利，也因此常常只能去做自己不喜欢做的事情。

Modernvehicleshaveextendedtherangeofpeople’sactivity,andthusmademuchmoregoodsavailabletolocalmarkets.

现代交通工具延伸了人们活动的范围，也因此使市场上的商品数量增加了。

Itisthenatureofhumanthatdeterminesthatpeopletendtotrustthemselvesratherthanothers,andconsequentlytheyoftenmisguidebytheirownfeelingsratherthanreasons.

这是人性所决定的：

人们倾向于相信自己而不是相信别人，也因此常常被自己的感觉所误导，而不是遵循理智。

Computershavenotonlybroughtconvenience,buttheyhavealsomadepeoplelearnmore.

Aperfectenvironmentwillnotonlymakepeoplehappierandhealthier,butitwillevenmakepeoplemoreproductive.

Moderntransportationvehiclessuchasautomobileshavenotonlymademoregoodsavailableinthelocalmarkets,buttheyhavealsoloweredthepriceoftheproductsinthemarkets.

3.元素并列的其他手段

肯定句:

also;aswell;too;equally;ofequalimportance…

否定句:

either,neither;nor

Agoodenvironmentwillmakepeoplehappier.

Aniceenvironmentwillalsomakepeoplehealthier.

Apoorenvironmentwillnotmakepeoplehappier.

Abadenvironmentwillnotmakepeoplehealthiereither.

或

Norabadenvironmentwillmakepeoplehealthier.

4.not…but

计算机不仅给人们带来了方便，还是人们学得更多。

Computershavenotonlybroughtconvenience,buttheyhavealsomadepeoplelearnmore.

补充:

分割效果

1）主语和谓语动词之间

2）助动词和实意动词之间

3）系动词和表语之间

onlyalso…

notsimplybut…aswell.

merelyeven…

notthat…butthat…

Notthatemailsortelephoneshavemadepeoplelesspersonal,butthatpeoplethemselveshavebecomelesspersonal.Oneofseveralpossiblereasonsisthatpeopleusuallylackofadequatecommunicatingskills.

Agoodenvironmentwillmakepeoplehappier.

Aniceenvironmentwillmakepeoplehealthieraswell.

Aperfectenvironmentwillnotonlymakepeoplehappierandhealthier,butitwillevenmakethemmoreproductive.

2.重复成分

a）重复形容词

iii.…a.…,soa.that/asto…

b）重复名词

iv.…n.,nthat…

Infact,historyisinteresting,sointerestingthatmanyareobsessedbyit,becausepeoplealwayscannothelpknowingthetruth.

Parentsorotheradultsoftengivemerelyacasualanswertoaseriousquestionfromacuriouschild,ananswerthatmakesnosenseatall,andmighthaveunforeseeablenegativeconsequenceinthefuture.

3.从句

a）whether/if/what/how做宾语

a）when/whenever;while+-ing/-ed

b）if/whether+adj.

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c）what/how/when/where+to…

d）…,n+of+which…

深入研究转折

1.形容词的转折并列

simpleyeteffectivemethod

asimple,direct,practicalyetmagicallyeffectivemethod

irrationalyetunderstandabledecision

afairandbalance,yetundesirabledecision

obviousyetnotthemostsignificantreason

expensiveyetworthycourse

slowyetindispensableprocess

Aweird,entertaining,yetTRUEstory....

2.包装（反复取非）

Historyisuseful.

Historyisnotuseful.

Itiscommonlybelievedthathistoryisnotuseful.However,thisisaprevailingmisunderstanding.

Hypocriteslie.

Hypocritesdonottellthetruth.

Hypocritesdotellthetruthwhenandonlywhentheyhaveconvincedthatbydoingsotheycanbenefit.

Hypocriteshavemanyforms,buttheyhaveonethingincommon:

Hypocritesdotellthetruthwhenandonlywhentheyhaveconvincedthatbydoingsotheycanbenefit.

Althoughmostpeoplewerehostiletothehypocriticalbehaviors,andbelieveprofoundlyinthesacrednessoftruthandtheinviolablefreedomofthosewhodaretotellthetruth,theyoftenbetraytheirprinciple,dignity,andineffectbecomeaccompaniesofotherhypocrites.Hypocriteshavemanyforms,butalwayshaveonethingincommon:

theyessentiallyhavenoprincipleatall.Theytellthetruthwhenandonlywhentheyfeelthetruthisontheirside,otherwisetheywouldrefuseratherthanacceptthetruth,orremainsilenceevenchoosetolieforthesakeoftheirownsafetyiftheyfindtheyarethreatened,evenwhenthatthreatisatmostpotential.

It’sfortunatethatoursocietyalwayshasasmallportionofcitizenswhoalwaystrytoinsisttheirprinciplesandstruggletodefendevenwhentremendouscostisanticipated.Whennearlye