英文sci论文常用的句式和短语.docx

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英文sci论文常用的句式和短语.docx

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英文sci论文常用的句式和短语.docx

英文sci论文常用的句式和短语

一些英文sci论文常用的句式和短语

Introducingyourwork

Thestudywillbeginbyoutlining...

Thisstudyaddressesanumberofissues...

ChaptersXandXconcentrateon...

Thefollowingsectionsetsout...

...toexaminetheresearchproblemindetail

...toshedlightonanumberofproblemareasincurrenttheory

ThepaperpresentedhereisbasedinpartonanearlierstudyDefiningthescopeofyourstudy

Thefocusofthestudyis...

Thecentralquestiontobeexaminedinthispaperis...

Thestudyisimportantforanumberofreasons:

Presentunderstandingof...islimited.

Manyauthorswouldagreethat...

Previousstudieshaveshownorsuggestedthat...

Theproblemhasbeenmuchdiscussedinrecentliterature.

Thisapproachhasanumberofadvantages:

firstly,...

Thepresentstudywasdesignedtotestthehypothesisthat...

Afullerdiscussionof...willappearinalaterpublication.

Arguingforandagainst

Thispointisparticularlyrelevantto...

Thisbecomesclearwhenoneexamines...

Thislendsweighttotheargumentthat...

Supportforthisinterpretationcomesfrom...

Toputitanotherway,...

Thisraisesthequestionwhether...

Whileitmaywellbevalidthat...,thisstudyarguestheimportanceof...Thisbegsthequestionwhy...

Aseriousdrawbackofthisapproachis...

Oneoftheprimefailingsofthistheoryorexplanationis...

Reviewingotherwork

X'sstudyisatextbookexampleof...

X'sworkhashadaprofoundinfluenceon...

Thestudycontainsanumberofnewandimportantinsights:

Xmakesastrongcasefor...

Xtakeslittleornoaccountof...

Thereislittleevidencetosuggestthat...

Itisverymuchanoversimplificationto...

Thestudyoffersonlycursoryexaminationof...

Xgivesadetailedifnotalwaystenableanalysisof...

Theauthors'claimthat...isnotwellfounded.

X'sexplanationisnotimplausible,ifnotentirelysatisfactory.

Analysisandexplanation

Onetentativeproposalmightbethat...

If,forthesakeofargument,weassume...

Oneofthemostobviousconsequencesof...is...

Thiswouldappeartobesupportedby...

Thereissomeevidencetosuggestthat...

Theimportanceof...isdemonstratedclearlyby...

Althoughitmaywellbetruethat...,itisimportantnottooverlook...

Itisimportanttodistinguishcarefullybetween...

Itisnotnecessarilythecasethat...

Theextenttowhichthisreflects...isunclear.

Amoreplausibleexplanationfororof...would...

Thereasonfor...isunknown,but...hasbeensuggestedbyXasapossiblefactor.Summaryandconclusions

Concludingthissection,wecansaythat...

ChapterXdrawstogetherthemainfindingsofthepaper.

Thestudyhasgonesomewaytowardsunderstanding...

Anumberofkeyissueshavebeenaddressedinthisstudy.

Theresultslendstrongsupportto...

Thisstudyhashighlightedanumberofproblemareasinexistingtheory.Whiletheinitialfindingsarepromising,furtherresearchisnecessary.

Thisraisesanumberofquestionsforfutureresearch.

Theresultsofthisstudysuggestanumberofnewavenuesforresearch.

英文文章常用表达和写法

1.xx的特征在于:

xxischaracterizedby…

2.xx的2个重要特征是:

Twocriticalcharacteristicsofxxare…

3.爱因斯坦指出xx的特征如下:

Einsteinidentifiedthefollowingcharacteristicsofxx…

4.Generally,…一般来讲,原则上…千万不要用inprinciple,此原则非彼原则也

5.已经采用了:

haveadopted…

6.近年来:

inrecentyears

7.over/duringthepast10years.比如我们说SC过去10年间发展很快,用over,over是一段时间的事儿;during是事情发生在什么期间,有时间点的意思。

8.出于各种原因:

foravarietyofreasons

9.此外,另外:

moreover,inaddition

10.即:

“…,namely…”

11.A与B的区别在于:

AandBdifferinthetermsof…

12.谈及,关于:

Intermsof…

13.这些区别是因为:

someofthedifferencestemfrom…

14.为了让:

Inorderforxxto…

15.很大程度上依赖于relyheavilyon…

16.基于…isbasedon…

17.不是…而是…not…,butrather…

18.这方面的例子有…“…,exemplifiedby…”

19.严格限制:

imposethestringentrestrictionson…;受到这些限制:

besubjecttotherestrictions.

20.产生这个问题的原因与…有关:

Theproblemarisesinpartfrom…[Tip]:

多用although,however,while,moreover,inaddition这样的词儿,句子之间的逻辑关系显得很清楚,读paper的人会觉得你的论文很清爽,

论文写作常用词汇和短语

论文写作的一些常用词汇和短语,希望大家也能用得上:

差别gapsbetween,differentiatebetween,discrepancies,nointergroupdifference

NostatisticallysignificantdifferencesinsurvivalwerefoundforMMCorMPMA.AlthoughMMCandMPMAdecreasedwithincreasingnucleargradeandTNMstage,thisdifferencefailedtoachievestatisticalsignificance.

存在,出现occurred,occurrence,existed,existence,presence,present

多数,少数theoverwhelmingmajorityof,inthemajorityofcases,amarkedmajority,handful

方法approaches,avenues,methods,techniques,means,tools

发生率Incidence,frequency,prevalence

Incontrastwithregionsofhighincidence,themutationspectrumdidnotshowahighprevalenceofmutationsatA:

Tbasepairs.

发现,阐明,报道,证实verify,confirm,elucidate,identify,define,characterize,clarify,establish,ascertain,explain,observe,illuminate,illustrate,demonstrate,show,indicate,exhibit,presented,reveal,display,manifest,suggest,propose,estimate,prove,imply,disclose,report,describe,facilitatetheidentificationof,screening,isolation

改变change,alteration,

高,增加high,enhanced,elevated,increased,forced

各种,多种inmultipletypesofneoplasia,invarioustypesofapoptosis,inavarietyoftumors

关系,相关,参与closelyinvolvedin,associated,

广泛的inanextensivesurvey

进行conducte,perform,carryout,

降,少,缺decrease,reduction,reduced,diminish,loss,suppression,deficient,low,weak,faint,light,absence,absent,undetectable,lack,defective,negative,poor,impaired,greatlyreducedorcompletelyabsent,frequentlylostordown-expressed,presenteddiscontinuousandweakerexpression,completelynegative,wasnotdetectableordramaticallyreduced,veryfaint,wasundetectableorbarelydetectable,noexpressionwasfound,

角色,起作用role,part（limited,potential,early,possiblerole）,serveantiapoptoticfunctions

可能性feasibility

密切地intimately

难理解的,似谜的enigmatic（xremainsenigmatic）

潜在假定的potential,candidate,putative,

缩写abbreviations

识别,辨别discernment

事件

Metastasistotheliverisacommoneventinclinicaloncology.

aputativetumorinitiatingevent

a（more,extremely,highly,rather,fairly）commoninitial,

acommoneventinthesignaltransductionmechanismsof,inthesignaltransductionprocesses

acommoneventassociatedwiththemechanismsof

acommonearlyeventinresponsesof,afterhigh-dosechemotherapy

acommoneventfollowinggestationalexposuretoimmunotoxicants

acommonevent（thatoccurs）duringapoptosisis……

acommoneventduringoncogenictransformation,inneoplastictransformationthatdirectlyorindirectlyinvolvesactivationofspecifictyrosinekinasesignalingpathways

acommoneventthroughwhich

acommoneventinvivo

arathercommoneventofunknownbiologicalsignificance

acommoneventresultingfromheterogeneousaberrations

acommoneventregardlessofhistologicalsubtyping,butdoesnotbearanypejorativesignificance

acommoneventcontributingto

arare,common,prerequisite,central,major,transient,initiation,stressful,critical,crucial,secondary,independent,regulatory,early,earlier,late,later,subsequent,circumstantial,untoward,upstream,irreversible,veryfrequentevent

提供,帮助provide,supply,help（to）,contributeto,offer,allow,dedicate,devote,assistin

调节（失调,上调,下调）dis-regulation,dys-regulation,up-regulation,up-expression,over-expression,down-expression,down-regulation,

推测presume,speculate,confer,conjecture,guess,deduce,deduction（推论）无所不在地（表达,如MEN1）ubiquitously

显著,优先的prominent,pronounced,obvious,marked,predominant,strong,striking,notable,Conspicuously,remarkably,significant,preferential,prevalence,prevalent,