高考英语全国II卷试题分析报告13页.docx
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高考英语全国II卷试题分析报告13页
2019年高考英语全国II卷试题分析报告
1、总评
在我们解读高考题的时候，首先我们回顾一下国家教育部在命题的方向和命题的原则方面有哪些思考。
第一：
立德树人；第二，服务选材；第三，引导教学。
除此之外，高考题的原则有几点：
基础性、综合性、应用性、探究性和开放性。
全国II卷无论从题型，从选材，还是从命题的思维角度都完全符合教育部的命题方向。
语篇主题明确、体裁多样。
所有语篇和材料紧密围绕人与自然、人与社会、人与自我三大主题。
体裁包括应用文、记叙文、说明文等。
试题难易试中，侧重于考察学生英语语用能力。
从选材上，注重思维品质的培养，突出体育生活、宣传劳动精神、突出人与人，以及人与自然的和谐相处。
二、阅读理解
语篇
话题
主题语境
体裁与题型
语篇词数
阅读理解A
最喜欢的书介绍
人与社会
应用文
题型：
事实细节、推理判断
236
阅读理解B
志愿者经历
人与自然
夹叙夹议
题型：
事实细节、推理判断、猜测词义、目的意图
310
阅读理解C
独自用餐
人与社会
说明文
题型：
主旨大意、事实细节、推理判断
298
阅读理解D
美国一所中学与NASA合作的科研项目
人与自然
说明文
263
阅读七选五
动机与设定目标
人与自我
说明文
273
A
MyFavouriteBooks
JoUsmarisawriterforCosmopolitanandco-authoroftheThisBookWillseries（系列）oflifestylebooks.Hereshepickshertopreads.
Matilda
RoaldDahl
IoncewroteapaperontheinfluenceoffairytalesonRoaldDahl’swritinganditgavemeanewappreciationforhisstrangeanddelightfulworlds.Matilda’sbattleswithhercruelparentsandthebossyheadmistress,MissTrunchbull,areequallyfunnyandfrightening,butthey’realsoaspirational.
AfterDark
HarukiMurakami
It’sabouttwosisters–Eri,amodelwhoeitherwon’torcan’tstopsleeping,andMari,ayoungstudent.Intryingtoconnecttohersister,Maristartschangingherlifeanddiscoversaworldofdiverse“nightpeople”whoarehidingsecrets.
GoneGirl
GillianFynn
Therewasabitofmethatdidn’twanttolovethiswheneveryoneelseontheplanetdid,butthehorrorstoryisbrilliant.There’stensionandanxietyfromthebeginningasNickandAmybattleforyourtrust.It’sarealwhodunitandthefrustrationwhenyourealisewhat’sgoingonishorriblyenjoyable.
TheStand
StephenKing
Thisisanexcellentfantasynovelfromoneofthebeststorytellersaround.Afteraseriousfluoutbreakwipesout99.4%oftheworld’spopulation,abattleunfoldsbetweengoodandevilamongthoseleft.RandallFlaggisoneofthescariestcharactersever.
21.Whodoes“I”refertointhetext?
A.StephenKing.B.GillianFlynn.
C.JoUsmar.D.RoaldDahl.
22.WhichofthefollowingtellsaboutMariandEri?
A.Cosmopolitan.B.Matilda.
C.AfterDark.D.TheStand.
23.WhatkindofbookisGoneGirl?
A.Afolktale.B.Abiography.
C.Alovestory.D.Ahorrorstory.
【答案与解析】
21.C推理判断题根据第一段及该段最后一句Hereshepickshertopreads.可知，下文介绍作家JoUsmar选出的最好的读物，所以下文中的“I”指的是JoUsmar。
22.C事实细节题根据AfterDark的相关内容中It’sabouttwosisters—Eri,amodelwhoeitherwon’torcan’tstopsleeping，andMari,ayoungstudent.可知答案。
23.D事实细节题根据GoneGirl的相关内容中Therewasabitofmethatdidn’twanttolovethiswheneveryoneelseontheplanetdid,butthehorrorstoryisbrilliant.可知答案。
B
“Youcanusemeasalastresort（选择）,andifnobodyelsevolunteers,thenIwilldoit.”ThiswasanactualreplyfromaparentafterIputoutarequestforvolunteersformykids’lacrosse（长曲棍球）club.
Iguessthatthere’sprobablysomedemandingworkschedule,orsocialanxietyaroundsteppinguptohelpforanunknownsport.Shemayjustneedalittlepersuading.SoItryagainandtugattheheartstrings.ImentionthesingleparentwithfourkidsrunningtheshowandItalkaboutthedadcoachingateamthathiskidsaren’tevenon.Atthispointtheunwillingparentspeaksup,“Alright.Yes,I’lldoit.”
I’msecretlyrelievedbecauseIknowthere’srealpowerinsharingvolunteerresponsibilitiesamongmany.Theunwillingparentorganizesthemealschedule,sendsoutemails,andcollectsmoneyforend-of-seasongifts.Somewherealongtheway,thesameparentendsupbecominganinvaluablememberoftheteam.Thecoachisabletofocusonthekidswhiletheotherparentsarerelievedtobeoffthehookforanotherseason.Handingoutslicedorangestobloodthirstykidscanbeasexcitingaswatchingyourownkidscoreagoal.
Still,mostofusvolunteersbreatheasighofreliefwhentheseasoncomestoaclose.Thatreliefiscoupledwithadeepunderstandingofwhythesamepeoplekeepcomingbackformore:
Connectingtothecommunity（社区）asyoufreelygiveyourtime,money,skills,orservicesprovidesarealjoy.Volunteeringjustfeelssogood.
Inthatsense,I’mprettysurevolunteeringismoreofaselfishactthanI’dfreelyliketoadmit.However,ifothersbenefitintheprocess,andIgetsomerewardtoo,doesitreallymatterwheremymotivationlies?
24.Whatcanweinferabouttheparentfromherreplyinparagraph1?
A.Sheknowslittleabouttheclub.
B.Sheisn’tgoodatsports.
C.Shejustdoesn’twanttovolunteer.
D.She’sunabletomeetherschedule.
25.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“tugattheheartstrings”inparagraph2mean?
A.Encourageteamwork.B.Appealtofeelings.
C.Promotegooddeeds.D.Provideadvice.
26.Whatcanwelearnabouttheparentfromparagraph3?
A.Shegetsinterestedinlacrosse.
B.Sheisproudofherkids.
C.She’llworkforanotherseason.
D.Shebecomesagoodhelper.
27.Whydoestheauthorlikedoingvolunteerwork?
A.Itgivesherasenseofduty.
B.Itmakesherveryhappy.
C.Itenableshertoworkhard.
D.Itbringshermaterialrewards.
【答案与解析】
24.C推理判断题根据第一段的Youcanusemeasalastresort,andifnobodyelsevolunteers,thenIwilldoit.可知，这位家长说如果其他人都不愿意做志愿者的工作，她会做这份工作，作者可以把她当作最后的备选。
言外之意就是她不愿意做志愿者的工作。
25.B词义猜测题heartstrings是由heart+strings组成，可知此短语与心情有关。
由上文可知，作者猜测这位家长对于参与一项不熟悉的运动可能有一些顾虑，作者需要说服她。
由ImentionthesingleparentwithfourkidsrunningtheshowandItalkaboutthedadcoachingateamthathiskidsaren’tevenon.可知，作者提到了一位有四个孩子的单亲家长负责该活动；一位爸爸即便自己孩子没有加入球队，也给该球队执教。
由此可猜测出作者是想从感情上打动这位家长。
26.D事实细节题根据第三段的Somewherealongtheway,thesameparentendsupbecominganinvaluablememberoftheteam.可知，这位家长后来成为社团里的一个有力帮手。
27.B事实细节题根据第四段的Connectingtothecommunityasyoufreelygiveyourtime,money,skills,orservicesprovidesarealjoy.Volunteeringjustfeelssogood.可知，做志愿者使作者很快乐。
C
MarianBechtelsitsatWestPalmBeach’sBarLouiecounterbyherself,quietlyreadinghere-bookasshewaitsforhersalad.Whatisshereading?
Noneofyourbusiness!
LunchisBechtel’s“me”time.AndlikemoreAmericans,she’snotalone.
Anewreportfound46percentofmealsareeatenaloneinAmerica.Morethanhalf（53percent）havebreakfastaloneandnearlyhalf（46percent）havelunchbythemselves.Onlyatdinnertimeareweeatingtogetheranymore,74percent,accordingtostatisticsfromthereport.
“Iprefertogooutandbeout.Alone,buttogether,youknow?
”Bechtelsaid,lookingupfromherbook.Bechtel,whoworksindowntownWestPalmBeach,haslunchwithcoworkerssometimes,butlikemanyofus,toooftenworksthroughlunchatherdesk.Alunchtimeescapeallowshertokeepabossfromtappingherontheshoulder.Shereturnstoworkfeelingenergized.“Today,Ijustwantedsometimetomyself,”shesaid.
Justtwoseatsover,AndrewMazoleny,alocalvideographer,isfinishinghislunchatthebar.Helikesthathecansitandcheckhisphoneinpeaceorchatupthebarkeeperwithwhomhe’sonafirst-namebasisifhewantstohavealittleinteraction（交流）.“Ireflectonhowmyday’sgoneandthinkabouttherestoftheweek,”hesaid.“It’sachanceforself-reflection.Youreturntoworkrechargedandwithaplan.”
Thatfreedomtochooseisonereasonmorepeopleliketoeatalone.Therewasatimewhenpeoplemayhavefeltawkwardaboutaskingforatableforone,butthosedaysareover.Now,wehaveoursmartphonestokeepuscompanyatthetable.“Itdoesn’tfeelasaloneasitmayhavebeforealltheadvancesintechnology,”saidLaurieDemeritt,whosecompanyprovidedthestatisticsforthereport.
28.Whatarethestatisticsinparagraph2about?
A.Foodvariety.B.Eatinghabits.
C.Tablemanners.D.Restaurantservice.
29.WhydoesBechtelprefertogooutforlunch?
A.Tomeetwithhercoworkers.
B.Tocatchupwithherwork.
C.Tohavesometimeonherown.
D.Tocollectdataforherreport.
30.WhatdoweknowaboutMazoleny?
A.Hemakesvideosforthebar.
B.He’sfondofthefoodatthebar.
C.Heinterviewscustomersatthebar.
D.He’sfamiliarwiththebarkeeper.
31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?
A.Thetrendofhavingmealsalone.
B.Theimportanceofself-reflection.
C.Thestressfromworkingovertime.
D.Theadvantageofwirelesstechnology.
【答案与解析】
28.B推理判断题第二段内容中提到，一份新的报告发现，46%的情况下美国人都是独自用餐的。
超过半数（53%）的人独自吃早餐，近一半（46%）人独自吃午餐。
有74%的人只在晚餐时间才一起吃饭。
由此可见，这项报告的统计数据是关于人们的饮食习惯，即许多人喜欢独自用餐。
29.C事实细节题第三段中提到，午餐时间的休息可以让Bechtel不受老板差遣，回到工作岗位时也能精力充沛。
第三段最后一句话表明Bechtel想给自己一些时间，因此Bechtel更愿意在外面吃午餐是因为她想要有自己的时间。
30.D事实细节题第四段中提到，Mazoleny喜欢安静地坐着看手机，也会和酒吧老板直呼其名，亲切地聊会天。
onafirst-namebasis意为“关系密切直呼其名”。
由此可知，Mazoleny与酒吧老板熟识。
31.A主旨大意题本文通过一份报告的统计数据和两个实例说明美国人喜欢独自用餐的趋势，并在文章最后一段提出人们选择独自用餐的原因。
因此A项正确。
D
Bacteriaareanannoyingproblemforastronauts.Themicroorganisms（微生物）fromourbodiesgrowuncontrollablyonsurfacesoftheInternationalSpaceStation,soastronautsspendhourscleaningthemupeachweek.HowisNASAovercomingthisverytinybigproblem?
It’sturningtoabunchofhighschoolkids.Butnotjustanykids.ItisdependingonNASAHUNCHhighschoolclassrooms,liketheonescienceteachersGeneGordonandDonnaHimmelbergleadatFairportHighSchoolinFairport,NewYork.
HUNCHisdesignedtoconnecthighschoolclassroomswithNASAengineers.Forthepasttwoyears,Gordon’sstudentshavebeenstudyingwaystokillbacteriainzerogravity,andtheythinkthey’reclosetoasolution（解决方案）.“Wedon’tgivethestudentsanybreaks.TheyhavetodoitjustlikeNASAengineers,”saysFlorenceGold,aprojectmanager.
“Therearenotests,”Gordonsays.“Thereisnogradedhomework.Therealmostarenogrades,otherthan‘Areyouworkingtowardsyourgoal?
’Basically,it’s‘I’vegottoproducethisproductandthen,a
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