汽车专业英语习题集.docx

汽车专业英语习题集.docx

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汽车专业英语习题集

练习题一

一、单词互译（每空1分，共20分）

A英译汉共10题每题一分

1、Automobile

2、Classification

3、Combustion

4、Chamber

5、Circulate

6、Crankshaft

7、Antifreeze

8、Carburetor

9、Mechanics

10、Air–fuelmixture

B汉译英共10题每题一分

1、连杆n.

2、点燃n.

3、简洁地adv.

4、（使）旋转v.

5、发动机n.

6、要求v.

7、输送v.

8、活塞n.

9、系统n.

10、气缸n.

二、词汇和语法（每小题1分，共20分）

1、The______ofpistonmovementiscalledTDC（topdeadcenter）.

A、upperlimitB、lowerlimitC、limit

2、The______ofpistonmovementiscalledBDC（bottomdeadcenter）.

A、lowerlimitB、upperlimitC、limit

3、A_____ispistonmovementfromTDCtoBDCorfromBDCtoTDC.

A、strokeB、stageC、state

4、The_____isrotatedasthepistonispusheddownbythepressureaboveit.

A、crankshaftB、crankpinC、break

5、Theactions______canbedividedintofourstages,orstrokes.

A、takenplaceintheenginecylinder

B、takingplaceintheenginecylinder

C、takeplaceintheenginecylinder

6、Inotherwords,thepistoncompletesastroke_____itchargesitsdirectionofmotion.

A、everytimeB、eachtimeC、eachtimes

7、”Stroke”______pistonmovement.

A、refertoB、referstoC、preferto

8、Astrokeoccurs_______thepistonmovesfromonelimitingpositiontotheother.

A、whileB、whenC、which

9、BythetimethepistonreachesTDC,themixture________toaslittleasone-tenthofitsoriginalvolume,oroverless.

A、hadbeencompressedB、hasbeencompressedC、compressed

10、Whentheair-fuelmixtureiscompressed,________doesthepressureinthecylindergoup,______thetemperatureofthemixture_______increases.

A、notonly…butalsoB、notonly…butandC、not…but

11、Thecylinderpressure________asmuchas3-5Mpaorevenmore.

A、goupB、increasesC、add

12.Butasthehigherpressuresiscalledupontowithstandverymuchgreaterstresses

higherpressuresincylinders.

A.becauseB.becauseofC.dueto

13.Thedieselengineismoreefficient,becauseithighercompressionratio.

A.haveB.hasC.had

14.Thisadvantagepreventsthedieselenginereplacingthegasolineengineinsomeautomobilesandairplanes.

A.toB.forC.from

15.Inanyinternalcombustionengineburningfuelheatsairconsequently.

A.whichB.thatC.when

16.Weallknowthatdieselengines（）workinthesamewayasgasolineenginedo.

A.inprincipleB.inotherwordsC.inturn

17.Upto40percentofthechemicalenergyoftheburningfuelchangedintomechanicalenergy.

A.willbeB.wouldbeC.maybe

18.Asitwere,intowaitingchargeattherequiredinstant.

A.aB.anC.the

19.Ithasmoresubstantialconstructionandisthusheavier.

A.tobeofB.tobeC.tobethat

20.Thesameseriesofeventstakeplaceagainandcontinuetheengineruns.

A.whenB.asC.aslongas

三、阅读与理解（20题，每题2分，共40分）

Part1

Theactionstakingplaceintheenginecylindercanbedividedintofourstages,orstroke.“Stroke”referstopistonmovement;astrokeoccurswhenthepistonmovesfromonelimitingpositiontotheother.TheupperlimitofpistonmovementiscalledTDC（topdeadcenter）.ThelowerlimitofpistonmovementiscalledBDC（bottomdeadcenter）.AstrokeispistonmovementfromTDCtoBDCorfromBDCtoTDC.Inotherwords,thepistoncompletesastrokeeachtimeitchangesitsdirectionofmotion.

Wheretheentirecycleofeventsinthecylinderrequiresfourstrokes（ortwocrankshaftrevolutions）,theenginesiscalledafour-stroke-cycleengine,orafour-cycleengine.Thefourpistonstrokesareintake,compression,power,andexhaust.

1.Whatdoweseefromtheparagraphs?

（）

A.Whatisstroke?

B.Whatisengine?

C.Whatiscylinder?

2.WhichoneStatementistrueaccordingtheabovefirstparagraph?

（）

A.Afour-stroke-cycleenginemeansthatfourstrokesisrequiredwhenitfinishthewholecycle.

B.AstrokeisnotpistonmovementfromTDCtoBDC,butfromBDCtoTDC.

C.ThelowerlimitofpistonmovementiscalledTDC（topdeadcenter）.

3.WhatisBDCinthetermofautomobileindustry?

（）

A.Bottomdeadcenter.

B.Topdeadcenter.

C.NeitherofAandB.

4.WhichoneStatementisTRUEaccordingthelastparagraph?

（）

A.Thefourstrokesoccurintwocrankshaftrevolutions.

B.Thefourstrokesoccurinfourcrankshaftrevolutions.

C.Thefourstrokesoccurinonecrankshaftrevolutions.

5.WhichoneStatementisTUREaccordingthearticle?

（）

A.Thefourpistonstrokesareintake,compression,power,andexhaust.

B.Thefourpistonstrokesareintake,compression,power,andinhauls.

C.Thefourpistonstrokesareintake,combining,power,andexhaust.

Part2

Powerstroke:

AsthepistonreachesTDConthecompressionstroke,anelectricsparkisproducedatthesparkplug.Theignitionsystemdeliversahigh-voltagesurgeofelectricitytothesparkplugtoproducethespark.Thesparkignites,orsetsfireto,theair-fuelmixture.Itnowbeingstoburnveryrapidly,andthecylinderpressureincreasestoasmuchas3-5Mpaorevenmore.Thisterrificpushagainstthepistonforcesitdownward,andapowerimpulseistransmittedthroughtheconnectingrodtothecrankpinonthecrankshaft.Thecrankshaftisrotatedasthepistonispusheddownbythepressureaboveit.

6.Whichtopicisfitwiththeparagraph?

（）

A.Powerstroke

B.Compressionstroke.

C.Exhauststroke.

7.WhichoneStatementisTUREaccordingthearticle?

（）

A.Theterrificpushagainstthepistonforcesitdownward.

B.Theslightpushagainstthepistonforcesitdownward.

C.Thislittlepushagainstthepistonforcesitdownward.

8.Whichwordorphrasecanchangetheword“ignites”?

（）

A.setsfireto

B.shootsat

C.charges

9.WhichoneStatementisTUREaccordingthearticle?

（）

A.Theignitionsystemdeliversahigh-voltagesurgeofelectricitytothesparkplugtobeginthespark.

B.Theignitionsystemdeliversalow-voltagesurgeofelectricitytothesparkplugtodefendthespark.

C.Theignitionsystemdeliversaconstant-voltagesurgeofelectricitytothesparkplugtoproducethespark.

10.Whentheair-fuelmixturebeingstoburnveryrapidly,howmuchdoesthecylinderpressureincreaseto?

（）

A.Asmuchas3-5Mpaorevenmore.

B.Asmuchas3-5barorevenmore.

C.About3-5Kpa.

Part3

Weallknowthatdieselengines,inprinciple,workinthesamewayasgasolineenginesdo.Bothkindsofenginesareinternalcombustionengines,buteachofthemhasitscharacteristicfeatures.

Nowletuscomparethedieselenginewiththegasolineengine.Firstly,theexplosivemixtureofthegasolineengineisprovidedbyacarburetor,butinthecaseofthedieselenginethesupplyisaffectedbyaninjectionor“jerk”pumpwhichforcesa“shot”offuelintoeachcylinderinturnaccordingtothecorrectfiringsequence.Secondly,thefundamentaldifferencebetweengasolineanddieselenginesisthatinthegasolineenginethesourceoftheheatforignitingthecharge,namely,anelectricspark,isgeneratedoutsidetheengine,andistaken,asitwere,intothewaitingchargeattherequiredinstant.Inthedieselenginethesourceofheatforignitingthechargeiscreatedwithintheenginebycompressingpureairtoadegreethatwillinitiatecombustionandtheninjectingthefuelattherighttimeinrelationtothemovementofthecrankshaft.

11.Whatdoweseefromthefirstparagraph?

（）

A.Dieselenginesworkinthesamemeanasgasolineenginesdo.

B.Dieselenginesdon’tworkinthesamewayasgasolineenginesdo.

C.EitherofAandB.

12.WhichoneStatementistrueinthearticle?

（）

A.theexplosivemixtureofthegasolineengineisprovidedbyacarburetor.

B.thefuelsupplyofthedieselengineisaffectedbyaninjectionor“jerk”pump.

C.bothofAandB

13.Whatisthefundamentaldifferencebetweengasolineanddieselengines?

（）

A.Inthegasolineengine,anelectricsparkplugisrequiredinacylinder.

B.Inthedieselengine,anelectricsparkplugisrequiredinacylinder.

C.BothofAandB.

14.WhichoneStatementistrueinthetermofdieselenginesinthearticle?

（）

A.thedieselenginethesupplyisaffectedbyaninjection.

B.thedieselenginethesupplyisaffectedbyora“jerk”pump

C.BothAandB.

15.Whichtopicisfitwiththearticle?

（）

A.Dieselengineoperatingfeatures.

B.Gasolineengineoperatingfeatures.

C.Jerkpumpoperatingfeatures.

Part4

Bothclassesofenginesareofverysimilarconstruction.Butasthehigherpressureiscalleduponincylinders,ithastobeofmoresubstantialconstruction,andisthusheavier.Ingeneral,thedieselenginemayweighabout9.25kilogramsperkilowatt.Themostimportantadvantageofthegasolineengineisitslowerweightperkilowatt.Thegasolineengineforautomobilesmayweighabout6.17kilogramsperkilowatt,andgasolineenginesforairplanesmayweighas0.77kilogramsperkilowatt.Thisadvantagepreventsthedieselengineformreplacingthegasolineengineinsomeautomobilesandairplanes.

Inaddition,theenginerunscoolerthanthegasolineengine.Thisadvantageisespeciallyobviousatlowerspeeds.Dieseloilisnotonlycheaperthangasoline,butalsosafertostore.

16.WhichoneStatementistrueinthetermofenginesinthearticle?

（）

A.Bothclassesofenginesareofverysimilarconstruction.

B.Bothclassesofenginesareofalittlesimilarconstruction.

C.BothclassesofenginesareNOTofsimilarconstruction.

17.Howmanykilogramsperkilowattmaythedieselengineweighgenerally?

（）

A.about9.25

B.about0.77

C.about6.17

18.Whatisthemostimportantadvantageofthegasolineengine?

（）

A.itslowerweightperkilowatt.

B.itshigherweightperkilowatt.

C.neitherofAandB

19.Whatadvantageisespeciallyo