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高考题人物传记类
10年高考【2003-2012】6年模拟【2007-2012】英语汇编：
阅读理解之人物传记类
2012年高考题
【2012山东卷】
B
One of the greatest contributions to the first Oxford English Dictionary was also one of its most unusual. In 1879, Oxford University in England asked Prof. James Murray to serve as editor for what was to be the most ambitious dictionary in the history of the English language. It would include every English word possible and would give not only the definition but also the history of the word and quotations （引文）showing how it was used.
This was a huge task. So Murrary had to find volunteers from Britain, the United States, and the British colonies to search every newspaper, magazine, and book ever written in English. Hundreds of volunteers responded, including William Chester Minor. Dr. Minor was an American Surgeon who had served in the Civil War and was now living in England. He gave his address as “Broadmoor, Crowthorne, Berkshire,” 50 miles from Oxford.
Minor joined the army of volunteers sending words and quotations to Murray. Over the next years, he became one of the staff’s most valued contributors.
But he was also a mystery. In spite of many invitations, he would always decline to visit Oxford. So in 1897， Murray finally decided to travel to Crowthorne himself. When he arrived, he found Minor locked in a book-lined cell at the Broadmoor Asylum for the Criminally insane.
Murray and Minor became friends, sharing their love of words. Minor continued contributing to the dictionary, sending in more than 10,000 submissions in 20 years. Murray continued to visit Minor regularly, sometimes taking walks with him around the asylum grounds.
In 1910, Minor left Broadmoor for an asylum in his native America. Murray was at the port to wave goodbye to his remarkable friend.
Minor died in 1920, seven years before the first edition of the Oxford English Dictionary was completed. The 12 volumes defined 414,825 words, and thousands of them were contributions from a very scholarly and devoted asylum patient.
61. According to the text, the first Oxford English Dictionary _________.
A. came out before minor died
B. was edited by an American volunteer
C. included the English words invented by Murray
D. was intended to be the most ambitious English dictionary
62. How did Dr. Minor contributed to the dictionary?
A. He helped Murray to find hundreds of volunteers.
B. He sent newspapers, magazines and books to Murray.
C. He provided a great number of words and quotations
D. he went to England to work with Murray.
63. Why did Dr. Minor refuse to visit Oxford?
A. He was shut in an asylum B. He lived far from Oxford
C. He was busy writing a book D. He disliked traveling
64. Prof. Murray and Dr. Minor became friends mainly because __________.
A. they both served in the Civil War.
B. They had a common interest in words
C. Minor recovered with the help of Murray
D. Murray went to America regularly to visit Minor
65. Which of the following best describe Dr. Minor?
A. Brave and determined B. Cautious and friendly
C. Considerate and optimistic D. Unusual and scholarly
66. What does the text mainly talk about?
A. The history of the English language.
B. The friendship between Murray and Minor
C. Minor and the first Oxford English Dictionary
D. Broadmoor Asylum and is patients
【文章大意】本文是一篇人物传记，讲述了牛津英语词典的编撰者之一的Dr. Minor的不一般的人生，他博学，但被关在精神病院。
他对牛津英语词典贡献很大，并与Prof Murray因为共同的爱好成为好朋友。
61.【答案】D
【解析】根据第一段中的…serve as editor for what was to be the most ambitious dictionary in the history of the English language可知答案选D。
【考点定位】考查细节理解。
62.【答案】C
【解析】根据第三段的第一句话Minor joined the army of volunteers sending words and quotations to Murray可知答案选C。
【考点定位】考查细节理解。
63.【答案】A
【解析】根据第四段中的…he found Minor locked in a book-lined cell at the Broadmoor Asylum可知，Minor被关在一家精神病院里，这是他不能去牛津的原因。
【考点定位】考查细节理解。
64.【答案】B
【解析】根据第五段的Murray and Minor became good friends, sharing their love of words可知，他们成为好朋友的主要原因在于他们都对词汇很热爱。
【考点定位】考查细节理解。
65.【答案】D
【解析】从文章的最后一句话可以推断Minor很博学，对做学问很投入，但他同时又是一个精神病人。
因此用devoted, scholarship, unusual等描述他最贴切。
【考点定位】考查推理判断题。
66.【答案】C
【解析】文章的关键词有两个：
Minor和Oxford Dictionary，主要讲述Mr. Minor的特别之处和他对Oxford Dictionary的贡献，因此文章的大意应该把这两个词都包括进去。
【考点定位】考查文章的主旨大意。
【2012安徽卷】
C
When Frida Kahlo’s paintings were on show in London, a poet described her paintings as “ a ribbon （丝带）around a bomb”. Such comments seem to suggest Kahlo had a big influence on the art world of her time. Sadly, she is actually a much bigger name today than she was during her time.
Born in 1907 in a village near Mexico City , Kahlo suffered from polio（小儿麻痹症）at the age of seven. Her spine （脊柱）become bent as she grew older. Then, in 1925, her back was broken in several places in a school-bus accident. Throughout the rest of her life, the artist had many operations, but noting was able to cure the terrible pain in her back. However, the accident had an unexpected side effect. While lying in her bed recovering, Kahlo taught herself to paint.
In 1929, she got married to Diego Rivera, another famous Mexican artist. Rivera’s strong influences on Kahlo’s style can be seen in her early works, but her later works from the 1940s, known today as her best works, show less influence from her husband.
Unfortunately, her works did not attract much attention in the 1930s and1940s, even in her home country. Her first one-woman show in Mexico was not held until 1953.For more than a decade after her death in 1954, Kahlo’s works remained largely unnoticed by the world, but in the 1970s her works began to gain international fame at last.
64. What does the phrase “a much bigger name” in paragraph 1 most nearly mean?
A. a far better artist B. a for more gifted artist
C. a much stronger person D. a much more famous person
65. The terrible pain Kahlo suffered was caused by .
A. polio B. her bent spine
C. back injuries D. the operations she had
66. Kahlo’s style had become increasingly independent since the .
A.1930s B. 1940s C. 1950s D. 1970s
67. What is author’s attitude toward Kahlo?
A. Devotion B. Sympathy C. Worry D. Encouragement
典型的人物传记。
难度一般般。
64D 我们可以用better 和gifted来描写她，但是文章中说她的主要悲剧是不被大众认识。
65C 文章依据就是school bus accident.
66B 细节题，直接找到答案
67B 推理题，tomb和sadly告诉我们这是一个悲剧，a ribbon告诉我们主人公很积极乐观。
2011年高考题
1.（2011•山东卷）A
Arthur Miller（1915-2005）is universally recognized as one of the greatest dramatists of the 20th century. Miller` s father had moved to the USA from Austria Hungary,drawn like so many others by the“ Great American Dream”. However, he experienced severe financial hardship when his family business was ruined in the Great Depression of the early l930s.
Millers’ s most famous play, Death of a Salesman , is a powerful attack on the American system ,with its aggressive way of doing business and its insistence on money and social status as indicators of worth. In Willy Loman , the hero of the play, we see a man who has got into trouble with his worth. Willy is “burnt out” and in the cruel world of business there is no room for sentiment :
if he can’t do the work, then he is no good to his employer, the Wagner Company, and he must go. Willy is painfully aware of this, and at loss as to what to do with his lack of success. He refuses to face the fact that he has failed and kills himself in the end.
When it was first staged in 1949 ,the play was greeted with enthusiastic reviews ,and it won the Tony Award for Best Play, the New York Drama Critics` Circle Award, and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama. It was the first play to win all three of these major awards.
Miller died of heart failure at his home in Roxbury, Connecticut ,on the evening of February 10,2005,the 56th anniversary of the first performance of Death of a Salesman on Broadway.
D. focuses on the skills in doing business
58. What can we learn about Willy Loman?
A. He treats his employer badly.
B. He runs the Wagner Company.
C. He is a victim of the American system.
D. He is regarded as a hero by his colleagues.
59. After it was first staged, Death of a Salesman
A. achieved huge success
B. won the first Tony Award
C. was warmly welcomed by salesmen
D. was severely attacked by dramatists
60. What is the text mainly about?
A. Arthur Miller and his family.
B. The awards Arthur Miller won.
C. The hardship Arthur Miller experienced.
D. Arthur Miller and his best-known play.
【解析】：
56-60:
BACAD
【语篇解读】本文是讲述了阿瑟.密勒的生平经历及他的代表作Death of a Salesman的内容及评价。
36. B。
细节题。
从第一段第二句话可知米勒的父亲已经从奥地利迁往美国，是和许多其他人一样受“伟大的美国梦”的驱使。
37. A。
细节推断题。
从第二段第一句话可知米勒写《推销员之死》的目的是对美国制度的攻击，因为美国商业制度的侵犯性和坚持将金钱和社会地位作为价值的显示。
A 指出了, 暴露了美国商业世界的残酷。
下文也提到了，in the cruel world of business。
38. C.推理判断题。
从上文介绍情节中得知Willy Loman是戏剧中一个角色，而这个角色最终因为在这个制度中屡遭失败自杀身亡，因此推断他是美国制度的受害者。
39. A.细节推断题。
从第三段得知一上映便赢得许多奖项，因此获得巨大成功。
40. D。
主旨大意题。
A没有提及，BC都是片面的。
2.（2011•陕西卷）B
Most people know that Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize, and the first person to win it twice. However, few people know that she was also the mother of a Nobel Prize winner.
Born in September, 1987, Irene Curie was the first of the Curies’ two daughters. Along with nine other children whose parents were also famous scholars, Irene studied in their own school, and her mother was one of the teachers. She finished her high school education at the College of Sévigné in Paris.
Irene entered the University of Paris in 1914 to prepare for a degree in mathematics and physics. When World War I began, Irene went to help her mother, who was using X-ray facilities（设备） to help save the lives of wound
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