高考英语阅读理解题干题支规律.docx

高考英语阅读理解题干题支规律.docx

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高考英语阅读理解题干题支规律

2015年高考英语阅读理解题干题支规律

主旨大意

阅读微技能训练1-目的态度题

细节题之观点陈述正确与否

指代关系referto

询问目的\意图aim,purpose

文章类型及出处type

篇章结构，行文逻辑Howisthepassagedeveloped?

Byspace,bycomparison,Bytime,byaskingquestion,bymakingdefinition,bygivingexamples,bylistingfacts….

篇章结构

判断态度观点的办法

主旨大意

主旨大意题是高考阅读理解的主要题型之一，旨在考查考生对锻炼大意或者文章中心思想的把握和归纳能力。

此类题数量较大，在15个题中约占3-4个。

◆设问特点：

1.考查全文主旨或段落大意。

2.正确选项概况范围大小恰当，主旨判断准确。

3.错误选项的特点常常是太大、太窄或者偏离主题，主观臆断。

4.常以mainidea,bestidea,subject,mainlydiscuss等词提问。

◆常考问题：

1）.中心思想类

Themainpoint/ideaofthepassageis…

Thepassageismainlyabout…Thepassagemainlydiscusses…

Thelastbutoneparagraphischieflyconcernedwith…?

Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?

72.Whatisstressedinthefirstparagraph?

2）.标题类

Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?

Thebesttitleforthepassagewouldbe…

细节题之观点陈述正确与否

34.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A.TicketsaresoldinKwunTongHighSchool.

B.It'sunnecessarytotakesoftdrinkswithyou.

C.Freedigitalcamerasareprovidedforeverybody.

D.Festivalfoodwillbeservedwithoutextracharge.

指代关系

（2013湖南阅读理解B）61.“EarlyChildhoodDevelopment”inParagraph1refersto________.

A.aprogramdirectedbyDorothy

B.acoursegivenbytheauthor

C.anactivityheldbythestudents

D.anorganizationsponsoredbyUnionCollege

（2013新课标I，59）.Theunderlinedword“glitch”probablymeans_________

A.coverB.changeC.noteD.fault

42.Theword"culprit"（Paragraph2）isclosestinmeaningto______.

A.criminalB.judgeC.victimD.producer

2．HowdoesthewritersupporttheunderlinedstatementinParagraph2?

A．Bygivinginstructions．B．Byanalyzingcauseandeffect．

C．Byfollowingtheorderoftime．D．Bygivingexamples．

询问目的\意图

（2014潍坊一模阅读C，51）．ThetwoquestionsinParagraphlareraisedto_____

A．introducethetopicB．givetwoexamples

C．comparedifferentopinionsD．getanswersfromreaders

（2012四川A，42）.Bymentioningthenamesofthetrees,theauthoraimstoshowthat______.

49.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheselection?

A.Togiveadviceonhowtostayhealthy.

B.Toprovideinformationaboutourbody.

C.Tochallengenewfindingsinmedicalresearch.挑战，质疑

D.Toreportthelatestdiscoveriesinmedicalscience.

（2013江苏阅读B，59.）TheexampleoftherecordedmessageinParagraphs4and5illustrates_______.

A.thenecessityofpatienceinqueuingB.theadvantageofmoderntechnology

C.theuncertaintyofallocationprincipleD.thefairnessoftelephonicservices

illustrates.

vt.说明；表明；给…加插图；（用示例、图画等）说明

（2013江苏阅读B，60）.Thepassageismeantto_______.

A.justifypayingforfasterservicesB.discussthemoralsofallocatingthings

C.analyzethereasonforstandinginlineD.criticizethebehaviorofqueuejumping

.justify证明…有理；为…辩护；对…作出解释

64.Theopeningparagraphismainlyintendedto________

A..providesomekeyfacts

B.attractthereaders’interestinthesubject

C.showgreatrespectfortheancientthinker

D.provethepopularityofmodernbirthdaycelebrations

5.Theaimtowritethepassageisto______.

A.praiseB.doubtC.blameD.state

state陈述，声明

‘Ourrelationshipistotallyplatonic,’shestated...“我们纯属精神恋爱，”她声明道。

（2012浙江C，54）Thewriter’spurposeforwritingthisarticleisto_______.

A.complainaboutproblemsinschooleducation

B.teachstudentsdifferentstrategiesforschoollife

C.advocateteachingconflictmanagementinschools

D.informteachersofthelateststudiesonschoolviolence

（潍坊一模阅读C，51）．ThetwoquestionsinParagraphlareraisedto

A．introducethetopicB．givetwoexamples

C．comparedifferentopinionsD．getanswersfromreaders

（2013江苏阅读理解D对MarkTwain的介绍70.）Whatdoestheauthormainlyarguefor?

A.Twainhaddonemorethanhiscontemporarywriterstoattackracism.

B.TwainwasanadmirablefigurecomparabletoAbrahamLincoln.

C.Twain’sworkshadbeenbannedonunreasonablegrounds.

D.Twainsworksshouldbereadfromahistoricalpointofview.

（2011重庆阅读E）74.TheauthormentionedthereviewinNatureinorderto_____.

A.voiceadifferentopinion

B.findfaultwithLomborg’sbook

C.challengetheauthorityofthemedia

D.pointoutthevalueofscientificviews.

（2011重庆阅读E）75.Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthepassage?

A.Toencouragetheskepticstohaveacriticaleye.

B.Towarnthepublicofthedangerofhalf–blindnesswithreviews.

C.Toblamethemedia’slackofresponsibilityinpresentinginformation.

D.Toshowtheimportanceofpresentingoverallinformationbythemedia.

2013湖南阅读理解B65.Whatdoestheauthormainlyintendtotellus?

A.Whateveryoudo,youmustdoitcarefully.

B.Whoeveryouare,youdeserveequaltreatment.

C.Howeverpooryouare,youhavetherighttoeducation.

D.Whereveryouare,youcanaccomplishyourachievement.

2012辽宁阅读理解C64.Theopeningparagraphismainlyintendedto________

A..providesomekeyfactsaboutConfucius

B.attractthereaders’interestinthesubject

C.showgreatrespectfortheancientthinker

D.provethepopularityofmodernbirthdaycelebrations

（2013福建E）71.TheYoungInspirationsmentoringprogramaimsto_____.

A.trainstaffforworld-famousfirms

B.offerjobopportunitiestoyoungadults

C.provideyouthwithuniqueexperiences

D.equiptheunemployedwithdifferentskills

练习巩固1：

（2011江西英语D篇探索太空）

71.WhydoestheauthormentionthequestionsinParagraph1?

A.Toexpresshisdoubts.

B.Tocomparedifferentideas.

C.Tointroducepointsfordiscussion.

D.TodescribetheconditionsonEarth.

原文

Whyshouldmankindexplorespace?

Whyshouldmoney,timeandeffortbespentexploringandresearchingsomethingwithsofewapparentbenefits?

WhyshouldresourcesbespentonspaceratherthanonconditionsandpeopleonEarth?

Thesearequestionsthat,understandably,areveryoftenasked.

Perhapsthebestanswerliesinourgeneticmakeup（基因构成）ashumanbeings.Whatdroveourancestorstomovefromthetreesintotheplains,andonintoallpossibleareasandenvironments?

Thewiderthespreadofaspecies,thebetteritschanceofsurvival.Perhapsthebestreasonforexploringspaceisthisgenetictendencytoexpandwhereverpossible.

练习巩固2：

（2012浙江A41）ThewritermentionsEasteratthebeginningofthepassageinorderto_______.

A.showtheimportanceofEasterDayB.introducetheissueaboutbunnies

C.remindpeopleofEastertraditionsD.discusstherelationshipbetweenEasterandbunnies

2012浙江A

Easter（复活节）isstillagreatdayforworship,candyinbasketsandrunningaroundtheyardfindingeggs,buteveryyearitgetsquiteabitworseforbunnies（兔子）.

Andno,notbecausethekidsliketopulltheirears.Theculpritisclimatechange,andsomeresearchersfoundthatrisingtemperaturesarchavingharmfuleffectsonatleastfivespeciesofrabbitintheUS.

TaketheLowerKeysMarchrabbit,forinstance.AnendangeredspeciesthatlivesintheLowerFloridaKeys,thisspeciesofcottontailisagreatswimmer—itlivesontheislands!

—butitisalreadyseverelyaffectedbydevelopmentandnowbyrisinglevels.AccordingtotheCenterforBiologicalDiversity,anoceanlevelriseofonly0.6meterswillsendtheseguysjumpingtohighergroundanda0.9-meterrisewouldwipeouttheirhabitat（栖息地）completely.

Thesnowshoehare,ontheotherhand,hasacolorissue.Mostoftheserabbitschangetheirfurcolorfromwhiteinthewintertimetobrowninthesummer,eachdesignedtogivethembettercoverfrompredators（捕食者）.Asthenumberofdayswithsnowdecreasesallacrossthecountry,however,moreandmorebunniesarcbeingleftinwhitefurduringbrowndirtdaysofbothfallandspring,makingthemaneasiermarkforpredators.Researchersknowthatthecolorchangeiscontrolledbythenumberofhoursofsunlight,butwhethertherabbitwillbeabletoadaptquickenoughtosurviveisabigquestion.TheNationalWildlifeFederationhasreportedthathuntershavenoticedtheirnumbersarealreadymarkedlydown.

Americanpikasorrockrabbits,arelativeofrabbitsandhares,mightbethefirs'ofthesespeciestogoextinctduetoclimatechange.About7-8incheslong,pikaslivehighinthecool,dampmountainswestoftheRockyMountains.Asglobaltemperaturesrise,theywouldnaturallymigrate（迁徙）tohigherground—buttheyalreadyoccupythemountaintops.Theycan'tgoanyhigher.TheNationalWildlifeFederationreportsthattheymightnotbeabletostandthenewtemperaturesastheirhabitatbeatsup.

Thevolcanorabbithasthesameproblem.TheserabbitsliveontheslopesofvolcanoesinMexico,andrecentstudieshaveshownthatthelowerrangeoftheirhabitathasalreadyshiftedupwardabout700meters,buttherearenotsuitableplantsforthemtomovehigher,sotheyarestuckinthemiddle.Scientistsareconcernedabouttheirpopulations.

NativetotheUS,pygmyrabbitsweighlessthan1poundandliveintheAmericanWest.Theyarebelievedtobethesmallestrabbitsintheworld.Theirhabitatshavebeendestroyedbydevelopment.Severalpopulations,suchastheColumbiaBasinpygmy,almostwentextinctandweresavedbyzoobreedingprograms.Pygmyrabbitsalsorelyonwintercoverbydiggingtunnelsthroughthesnowtoescapepredators,butlessersnowfallisleavingthemexposed.

AllofthisgivesnewmeaningtodressingupinagiantbunnycostumethisEaster.

41ThewritermentionsEasteratthebeginningofthepassageinorderto_______.

A.showtheimportanceofEasterDayB.introducetheissueaboutbunnies

C.remindpeopleofEastertraditionsD.discusstherelationshipbetweenEasterandbunnies

42.Theword"culprit"（Paragraph2）isclosestinmeaningto____