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外文翻译

毕业设计（论文）外文翻译

ANovelWeb-BasedOnlineExaminationSystemForComputerScienceEducation

一种新型的基于Web的在线考试系统的计算机科学教育

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于传庆

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本科

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电气与信息学院

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计算机科学与技术

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耿晓中

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讲师

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2008年4月20日

学生姓名

学历层次

所在院系

所学专业

指导教师

教师职称

完成时间

长春工程学院

ANovelWeb-BasedOnlineExaminationSystemForComputerScienceEducation

YuanZhenming,ZhangLiang,ZhanGuohua

Abstract

Web-basedExaminationSystemisaneffectivesolutionformasseducationevaluation.WehavedevelopedanovelonlineexaminationsystembasedonaBrowser/Serverframeworkwhichcarriesouttheexaminationandauto-gradingforobjectivequestionsandoperatingquestions,suchasprogramming,operatingMicrosoftWindows,editingMicrosoftWord,ExcelandPowerPoint,etc.Ithasbeensuccessfullyappliedtothedistanceevaluationofbasicoperatingskillsofcomputerscience,suchasthecourseofcomputerskillsinUniversitiesandthenationwideexaminationforthehighschoolgraduatesinZhejiangProvince,China.

IndexTerms

Examinationsystem,Auto-gradingsystem,Web-based,DCOM

1.Introduction

InChina,theeducationforbasiccomputeroperatingskillshasbeenbroadlylaunched.TheskillsincludetheoperatingofWindows,MSOffice,Networkingskills,etc.,whicharethefoundationofacombinationofdifferentcourses,aswellasofelectronic-government.Now,everyundergraduatemustpassthecourseoftheComputerskills,whileeverycivilservantmustpassthecorrespondingComputerOperatingExams.Furthermore,thebasiccomputereducationinhighschoolsisinprocess.Sincethelate1990’s,hundredsofthousandsofpeoplehavetakenpartindifferentlevelsofcomputereducationandtestinginZhejiangProvince.ItisnecessarytobuildaWeb-basedlearningandexaminationsystemforsuchalargenumberofpeople,asaneffectivesolutiontomasslearningandevaluationofbasiccomputereducation.

SeveralWeb-basedlearningandtestingsystemshavebeendesigned,suchasWebCT[1],QUIZIT[2],ASSYST[3],andPILOT[4].ThemostwidelyusedquestiontypesoftheWeb-basedexaminationsystemareobjectivetestsandquizzeswhichassumesimpleanswersthatcanbeformallycheckedandeasilyevaluatedonline.Thetypicalquestionsarelimitedtoyes/noquestions,multiple-choice/singleanswerquestions,multiple-choice/multiple-answerquestions,andfill-inquestionswithastringandnumericanswer.[5]Richertypesofanswersinthesesystemsneedtobegradedmanuallybythecoursegradersortheinstructors.Inaddition,thesesystemsdonotsupporttestingoperatingskills,suchasWindowsprintersetupoperationandWordediting,etc.intheclientcomputer.

Ourexaminationsystemforbasiccomputeroperatingskillshasthefollowingcharacteristics:

（1）Thequestiontypesincludenotonlyobjectivequestions,butalsooperatingquestionsasWindows,MSWord,MSExcel,Internetskills,etc.

（2）Thegoalofthelearningandtestingsystemistotrainthepracticalskills.Asaresult,operatingandtestingintheactualenvironmentoftheclientmachineisthebestlearningmethod.（3）Itisurgenttodevelopanautomaticgradingsystemwhichcangradetheoperatingquestionsaswellastheobjectiveones.However,thepreviousWeb-basedlearningandtestingsystemcannotsupportsuchfunctions.

WehavedevelopedanovelonlineexaminationsystembasedonaBrowser/Serverframeworkusingstate-of-artcomputertechnologies,whichcarriesouttheexaminationsforbasiccomputeroperatingskillsincludingobjectivetests,VisualBasicprogramming,MicrosoftWindowsoperating,Word,ExcelandPowerPointediting,InternetandEmailskills,etc.Ithasalsoimplementedautomaticgradingonline.

2.SystemArchitecture

Ourweb-basedexaminationsystemisadistributedcollaborativesystemwhichisbasedonDCOMtechnology.Ithasfourmajorcomponents:

theexaminationpreparationsystem,theexaminationsystem,theexaminationmonitorsystemandtheauto-gradingsystem.

Thepreparationsystemisusedtomanagequestionstorage,assigntestIDandschedulethetest.Thequestiondatabaseiscomposedofthequestions,asetofpossibleanswers,thequestiontypesandothermetadata,whichareindexedbyseveralfactors,suchastopics,keywords,complexityanddifficulty,etc.Thedatabaseisopentoteachers,allowingthemtoaddquestionsandanswersbytemplate.

TheexaminationSystemisaweb-basedtestinginterfaceforstudents,calledWOES,whichincludethefollowingkeyfeatures:

clientsidecontrol,timecontrol,securitycontrolandauto-installation.BenefitingfromDCOMtechnology,thesystemcaninstallandupdateitselfconveniently,betterthantheC/Sframework.BecausethesystemisestablishedontheWeb,thesystematicsecurityfacesaseverechallenge.Weguaranteethesecuritybycryptography,real-timemonitoringsystemanddatatransmissionencryption.Thecryptographyisusedtovalidatestudentidentificationbeforetesting.

Thereal-timemonitoringsystemrequiresstudentsnottoleavethecomputerduringthetestbyfacetrackingtechnology.Thedatatransmissionencryptionsystemtransmitstheexaminationquestionandresultinsecretformthroughthenetworktotheserver.Theexaminationmonitorsystemisalsothemanageroftheexaminationsystem,bywhichwecanmonitorthetestprocessing,carryouttestIDstatisticandcollecttheanswers,etc.

Theauto-gradingsystemisdesignedbythefuzzymatchingalgorithmandthemacroprogrammingtechnology,whichisseasonedwithvariablequestiontypes.

3.Web-BasedOnlineExaminationSystem

3.1Theaimoftheexaminationsystem

Asauniversalexaminationsystemfortheeducationofbasiccomputeroperation,itmustmeetthefollowingrequirements:

[6]

1.Areasonablequestionstorage,whichmustconformtothegeneraloutlineoftheexam.

2.Apracticalinterface.Therearetwotypesofexaminterfaces.Oneisthesimulation,theotheristheactualenvironment.Thesecondschemewillgivethestudentmoreflexibilitybecauseofthepracticalnatureofcomputerskills.

3.Arangeofquestiontypes,suchasobjectivequestions,operatingquestions,designquestions,informationretrieval,grouptesting,etc.

4.Asafetyandreliableexaminationsystem.

3.2ThecomponentsofWOES

TheWebbasedOnlineExaminationSystem（WOES）isamulti-layersystemwhichiscomposedoftheWebServer,DatabaseServer,WOESmiddlewareServer,WOESclientmoduleandBrowser,suchasInternetExplorer.Inthissystem,weusetheInternetInformationServer4.0（IIS）astheWebServer,theDatabaseServerisMicrosoftSQLServer7.0.

ThekernelofWOESistheWOESmiddlewareServerandtheWOESclientmodule,whichisdesignedaccordingtoMicrosoftDCOMstandards.DCOMisthebinaryCOMobject’sextensionjointingLAN,WANandInternet,whichcaninstanceandbindobjectsoverdifferentnetwork.ItisanadvancednetworkprotocolusedtocooperatewithCOMbasedcomponentsoftwoprocessesindifferentlocations.TheWOESmiddlewareServerisaserver-sidecomponentprovidingcommunicationinterfacesbetweenWOESclientsandtheWebServerorDatabaseServer.TheWOESclientisaclient-sidecomponentwhichiscalledbytheBrowsertocontroltheclientcomputerandsubmitorreceiveinformationfromtheWOESServer.Thistechnologyguaranteestheflexibilityandthepotentialforextensionofthetestsystem.Inaddition,itallowsaccesstolocalfiles,whereasinconventionalsystems,theIEsecuritypreventssuchaccess

BenefitingfromDCOM,theWOESclientscanbedownloadedorupdatedautomaticallyfromWOESmiddlewareServerontheInternet.TheycanalsomovefromoneclienttotheotherandcommunicatewiththeWOESServer.ThesystemactslikeanAgentsociety,whichisacentralizedAgentsystemcontrolledbyonlytheWOESServer.

3.3ThekeytechnologiesofWOES

1.Auser-friendlyinterface

Weusebrowserasouruser’sinterface.TheBrowserinterfacehasauniformandconsistentuserinterface.Almosteveryoneisabletouseitskillfully.Thereforeitcaneliminatethedifferencesofvariousexamsystemsandguaranteeafairtest.

2.Simplifiedsystemmaintenance

SincethesystemisbasedonBrowser/Serverarchitecture,theteachercanupdatethesystemorthequestiondatabaseorexaminethestudent’sdatabaseonlyinServer.ItisnotnecessarytoupdatetheclientsystemastheClient/Servermustdo.

3.Centralexaminationmanagement

Profitingfromthecentralcontrolledsystem,theteachercaneasilycontroltheexaminationprocess,suchasthebeginningandendoftheexam,collectingtheanswersandmonitoringthestudents’conditionsontheteacher’sscreen.

4.Security

ThemostseveredifficultywhichtheB/Sbasedsystemfacesissecurity,becauseinprincipletheweb-basedexaminationsystemcanbeaccessedontheInternetorWANinacity.

Allthequestions,materialsandanswersaretransmittedinbitsstreamformatafterencoding,notinfileformat.Itcanensurenotonlysecurityinthetransmissionprocess,butalsoprotectfrominvasion.

Whenonestudentstartshistest,thesystemwilldistributehimapasswordproducedaccordingtohisclient’shardwareandoperationsystemenvironment.Itcanpreventcribberstologinfromotherclientsimitatingthisstudent.

Thenewestmethodtopreventthedistantstudentfromleavingtheclientorismakinguseoffacedetectionandrecognitiontechnology.Beforethestartoftheexam,thestudentisaskedtositinfrontofthecomputercamerawhichcanmonitorthewholescene.Thenthesystemwillautomaticallyrecognizethestudent’sfaceandhisidentification.Assoonasthevalidationisperformed,thestudentmuststayinfrontofthecamerauntiltheexamisfinished.

4.Auto-GradingSystem

Theauto-gradingsystemcanautomaticallygradetheanswers,whichare