辽宁省鞍山市高考英语 书面表达阅读理解训练题7.docx

辽宁省鞍山市高考英语 书面表达阅读理解训练题7.docx

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辽宁省鞍山市高考英语书面表达阅读理解训练题7

辽宁鞍山市2014高考英语书面表达、阅读理解训练题（7）附答案

（四川卷）

最近，某中学生英文报开设了“AfterclassActivities”的栏目。

请你根据以下提示，为该栏目写一篇英文稿件，并鼓励同学们积极参加课外活动。

1．你校开展课外活动的情况；

2．你参加过的课外活动及给你带来的益处；

3．为同学选择课外活动提出建议；

4．为学校开展课外活动提出建议。

注意：

1．词数100左右；

2．文中不得提及人名、校名及地名；

3．稿件的开头已为你写好（不计入总词数）。

AfterclassActivities

Nowadays,afterclassactivitiesarebecomingmoreandmorepopularinhighschools.________________________________________________________________________

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参考范文

AfterclassActivities

Nowadays,afterclassactivitiesarebecomingmoreandmorepopularinhighschools.Inourschools,therearevariousactivities,suchasartsandsports.Weenjoythemverymuch.Playingfootballandreadingstoriesaremyfavouritewhichdomealotofgood.Besidesbuildingmybodyandenrichingmyknowledge,theyalsodofreemefromheavyworkofstudy.

HereIhavesomesuggestions.Tostudents,you'dbetterchooseactivitieswhichinterestyouandothers;toschools,theyshouldorganizemoreactivitiesforstudentsandleavestudentsmoretimeforactivitesbygivingthemlesshomework.

Dearfriends,pleaseactivelytakepartinafterclassactivities,whichwillnotonlymakeyourschoollifemorecolourfulbutalsoimproveyourstudy.

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（2011年安徽省“江南十校”高三联考）   

Decision-makingcanbeextremelydifficult.Decisionmakingstylesaresignificantlydifferentindifferentcultures.

   Inanyapproachtoaproblemandinanynegotiations,theWesternworldturnstothe"Itoyou"approachwhileJapan,the"youtoyou"approach.Theformermeansbothsidespresenttheirargumentsopenlyfromtheirownpointofview.Naturally,oftencomesaconfrontation（冲突）situation,whichtheWesternersareveryskillfulindealingwith.Thelatterisbasedoneachsidetryingtounderstandtheotherperson’spointofview.Thus,thedirectionofthemeetingisamutual（相互的）attempttoreduceconfrontationandachieveharmony.

   Besides,Westerndecision-makinggoesmostlyfromtopmanagementandoftendoesnotconsultmiddlemanagementortheworkers.However,inJapangreatconsiderationisgiventothethoughtsandopinionsofeveryoneatalllevels.Basedon"bottom-updirection",ideascanbecreatedatthelowestlevels,travelupwardthroughanorganizationandhaveaneffectonthefinaldecision.

   Differenceindecision-makingalsocomesfromdifferentcommunicationstyles.TheJapanesebusinesspersonworkstoachieveharmony,evenifthedealfallsthrough.andwillspendwhatevertimeisnecessarytodeterminea"youtoyou"approach,communicatingpersonalviewsonlyindirectly.TheyputathoroughjobabovetheWesterndeadlineapproach.SotheJapaneseisthoroughintheirmeetings.ThusAmericansareoftenannoyedbythemanymeetingsinmanyJapanesebusinesses.ButwheretheAmericanispressingforaspecificdecision,theJapaneseistryingtothinkuparatherbroaddirection.

   Ontheotherhand,onceagivenagreementismade,itistheJapanesewhosometimeswondersattheslowpaceinwhichtheWesternerscarryoutthedecision.TheJapaneseiseagertomoveforwardandtheWesterners,perhaps,lag（落后于）behindastheytakethetimeforin-depthplanning.

（1）AJapanesebusinessbasesitsdecision________________.

A.ontop-downdirection      B.onnothingbutitsworkers’views

C.onbottom-updirection     D.onlyonitstopleaders’opinions

（2）ThetextmainlytellsusthatJapanandtheWesternworld_________.

A.facegreatdifficultyinmakingdecisions

B.aredifferentindecisionmakingstyles

C.haveallmemberscontributetoadecision

D.havetwoapproaches：

"Itoyou"and"youtoI"

（3）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEoftheWesterners?

A.Theycarryoutthedecisiononceitismade.

B.Therearemanymeetingsintheirbusinesses.

C.Theyworktoachieveharmonyindoingbusiness.

D.Theyaregoodathandlingconfrontationsituation.

（4）Theauthor’sattitudetowardsJapanesedecision-makingis_________.

A.positive      B.critical       C.negative         D.casual

【解析】这篇文章讲述了日本和西方世界决策风格的差异。

（1）C细节理解题。

由文章第三段第二句和第三句内容可知C项正确。

（2）B主旨大意题。

根据全文内容，尤其是文章第一段的内容可知，本文主要介绍的是日本和西方世界决策风格的差异。

（3）D正误判断题。

由文章第二段第三句可知，西方人在处理冲突方面很擅长。

（4）A作者态度题。

由文章第二段最后一句中的"amutual（相互的）attempttoreduceconfrontationandachieveharmony'。

以及最后一段内容可以推测出作者对日本的决策方式持肯定的态度。

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（2010·陕西卷·A）

AskDr?

Jeffers

ThismonthDr.Jeffersisansweringquestions

aboutthehumanbrainandhowitworks.

DearDr.Jeffers,

Oneofmycolleagues,FelixMoeller,toldmethatscientistsarelearningtousecomputerto‘readminds’.Isthereanytruthtothisstory/

—JaneLeon,NewYork,USA

DearMs.Leon,

Well,alotofresearchisbeingconductedinthisarea,butsofar,thebrain

scanningequipmentandcorrespondingcomputerprogramshaven’tbeenableto

actuallyreadthoughts.Inoneexperiment,testsubjects（受试者）were

connectedtoscanningequipmentandshowntwonumbersonascreen.They

werethenaskedtochoosebetweenaddingorsubtracting（减）thetwo

numbers.Usingthismethod,researcherswereabletofollowbrainprocessesand

makethecorrectassumptions（假设）70percentofthetime.It’snotquite

mindreading,butit’scertainlyafirststep.

—Dr.J.

DearDr.Jeffers,

Mythree-year-oldsonlovesitwhenIdigmyfingersintohissidesand

tickle（胳肢）himuntilhelaughsuncontrollably.TheotherdayInoticed

himtryingtoticklehimselfbuthecouldn’tdoit.Whynot?

—GlennLewis,Vancouver,Canada

DearMr.Lewis,

It’sbecauseofhowthebrainwor

ks.Thebrainistrainedtoknowwhatto

payattentiontoandwhattoignore.Itcausesustoignorephysicalfeelingswe

expecttohappen,butitcausesamildpanicreactionwhenthereisan

unexpectedfeeling.Forexample,youdon’tnoticehowyourshoulderfeels

whileyou’rewalkingdownthestreet.Butifsomeonecomesupbehindyou

andtouchesyoulightlyontheshoulder,youmayjumpinfear.It’sthat

unexpectedpartthatcausestheticklereaction.

—Dr.J.

46.Whatcanwelearnfromtheanswertothefirstquestion?

A.Someequipmentisabletoreadhumanminds.

B.Someprogresshasbeenmadeinmindreading.

C.Testsubjectshavebeenusedtomakedecisions.

D.Computerprogramscancopybrainprocesses.

47.Peoplelaughwhentickledbyothersbecausethefeelingis_______.

A.unexpectedB.expectedC.comfortableD.uncomfortable

48.Whohasgotalittlechildaccordingtothetext?

A.Ms.LeonB.Mr.LewisC.Mr.MoellerD.Dr.Jeffers

49.Accordingtothetext,Jeffersisprobably_______.

A.acomputerprogrammerB.atestsubject

C.ahumanbrainexpertD.amedicaldoctor

4、46.【解析】选B。

由butsofar,thebrainscanningequipmentandcorrespondingcomputerprogramshaven’tbeenabletoactuallyreadthoughts.可知这种大脑扫描设备和相应的程序并不能真正地明白人的想法，排除A项；由下面的Theywerethenaskedtochoosebetweenaddingorsubtracting（减）thetwo

numbers.可知研究者们让这些受试者在这两个数字的相加和相减之间做出选择，并不是做出什么决定，可排除C。

由下面一句可知，在70%的时间里，电脑能复制人脑的思维过程，并不是全部，可排除。

由第二封电子邮件的末尾我们可知，这尽管不是真正地知道人的思相，但确实在这方面迈出了第一步，所以C项正确。

47.【解析】选A。

由第四封电子邮件的第二三句话和最后一句话可知，当人们被别人胳肢时会笑，是因为被别人胳肢的感觉是突如其来的，是没有预料到的。

48.【解析】选B。

在第二封电子邮件中，GlennLewis提到了他三岁的儿子的事，所以选B。

49.【解析】选C。

由文章的右上角的那句话ThismonthDr.Jeffersisansweringquestionsaboutthehumanbrainandhowitworks.我们知道Jeffers是研究人的大脑方面的专家。

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河北省高考英语二轮复习专题训练：

阅读理解（43）

OnceIsawasignhanginginaclassroomthatread,“YourMotherDoesn’tWorkHere-CleanUpYourOwnMess.”Theremustbeareasonwhysuchasignwaseverycreated.Yourchildisnevertooyoungforhousework.

Fromthetimeyourchildcanwalkandunderstandbasiccommandsyoucanstartteachingthefineartofputtingthingsaway."PutyourcuponthetableforMommy."Youngerchildrenarecapableofhelpingfeedthepets,puttingclothesawayandcancertainlyfindthetoyboxtopickupafterplaying.

Otherareasyoungerchildrenmaybeabletohelpwithincludebringingtheirownlaundrybasketintotheirroomandcleaningcountertopswithpapertowels.You'llfindthatchildrenreallywanttohelp.Theyfeelgrownupandspecialhelpingmommyanddaddy.

Asthechildrenage,you'llneedtoincreasetheirresponsibilities.Bythetimetheyarefivetheyshouldbeabletohelpquiteabitinthekitchen.Theycanhelpmixbakingitems;setthetable,clearthetable;andloadandemptydishwasher.Childrenevenenjoydusting.It'sreallyashamethatenthusiasmdoesn'tcarryoverintoadultlife!

Firstthroughfifthgradersoughttobeabletoletpetsoutside（andbackinagain）aswellastakethepetsforawalk.They'llgetexcitedabouttheopportunityofmakingyouameal.

Itdoesn'tmatteriftheyleaveyourcarsoapstreakedfromwashingit.They'relearningandyou'reteaching.Teachyourelementaryagedchildtofoldandhangupthelaundryandyou'llsetagoodlifelongpattern.

Ifyouinvestalittlepatienceandtimeprovidingproperinstruction,you'llbehelpingyourselfandyourchilddevelopintowellroundedadults!

4．Accordingthepassage,childrenwanttohelpwithhouseworkbecause.

A．theycangetpaidbytheirparents

B．theythinktheyareoldenoughtodoso

C．theywanttoimprovetheirsenseofduty

D．theyfindthemselvesold