阳江初中英语知识宾语从句.docx
《阳江初中英语知识宾语从句.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《阳江初中英语知识宾语从句.docx(12页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
阳江初中英语知识宾语从句
阳江-第十三章----宾语从句
㈠.课标考点解析
1.宾语从句要求掌握
A.宾语从句的基本含义.
B.宾语从句的基本句子结构.
C.宾语从句的判定标准.
D.宾语从句的引导词.
E.宾语从句的时态和语序.
F.宾语从句与复合不定式短语的互相转换.
G.宾语从句中常见的特殊例子
疑问词+人/物+动词,而是:
疑问词(同时也是从句的主语)+动词+其他…..
2.中考命题方向
A.试题的热点:
宾语从句是历年中考试题中必考内容之一。
从近几年的考题趋势来看,对于宾语从句在中考考查的热点主要是集中在宾语从句的语序和时态的一致性问题。
再者就是对于宾语从句与复合不定式短语的互相转换。
B.试题的特点:
对于宾语从句,在中考试题中是重点考点。
所占比重较大,分数一般为5--10分。
题型多为看图填词题,完形填空题,单项选择题和作文题等。
3.考试策略点拨
A.对于句子结构的考查几乎是历年的常考题,所以考生一定要弄清楚宾语从句的引导词,时态,语序,否定前移,if和whether的区别,与复合不定式短语的互相转换。
B.注意宾语从句的特殊用法。
C.当宾语红从句由陈述句变化而来时,用that来引导从句,其中的that无具体意义,一般可以省略。
(二)中考宾语从句知识演练
1.----Couldyoutellmewhen_____________
----Athalfpastten,inafewminutes.
A.willthetrainleave
B.thetrainhasarrived
C.thetrainwillarrive
D.thetrainarrives
2.Iamnotsure_____________wewillvisityounextSaturday.
A.whether
B.that
C.what
D.who
3.Idon’tknow_____________thedayaftertomorrow.
A.whendoeshecome
B.howwillhecome
C.ifhecomes
D.whetherhewillcome
4.Hesaidthattheearth_____________roundthesun.
A.go
B.goes
C.going
D.went
5.Ididn’tunderstand_____________,soIraisedmyhandtoask
A.whatmyteachersays
B.whatdoesmyteachersay
C.whatmyteachersaid
D.whatdidmyteachersay
6.---Canyouguess_____________theMP4playeryesterday?
---Sorry,Ihavenoideaaboutit.
A.howmuchdidhepayfor
B.howcanheget
C.howmuchhepaidfor
D.howhehasgot
(三)考点解析和习题检测
概念:
在复合句中充当宾语的从句。
宾语从句的考点:
1.语序:
宾语从句必须采用陈述句的语序。
一般的规律为:
疑问词who/whom/which/whose/what/when/where/why/how…+人/物(在从句中做主语)+动词(在从句中做谓语)
即:
疑问词+人/物+动词
Eg:
SheaskedwhereLucycamefrom.
MyfriendtoldthathewenttovisittheShanghaiExpositionlastweek.
注意:
A.如果是由do/does/did构成的疑问句,在转换宾语从句时,要去掉do/does/did。
且从句中的谓语动词要根据主句时态作出相应的变化。
B.如果是will,be,have,call组成的疑问句,在变为宾语从句时。
要把will,be,have,call返回到句中原来的谓语位置上,并根据主句时态作出相应的变化。
a.当宾语从句由陈述句变化而来时,用that来引导从句。
其中that无具体意义,一般可以省略掉。
2.引导词
b.当宾语从句由特殊疑问句变化而来时,特殊疑问词就是宾语从句的引导词。
如:
who,whose,whom,what,which,that,when,where,why,howandsoon.
Eg:
Idon’tunderstandwhyyouwanttochooseit.
CanyoutellmewhotookawaymyEnglishdictionary.
Couldyoutellmewhereisthenearesthospital.
3.正确使用时态。
A.主句为一般现在时,一般将来时或祈使句时,宾语从句的时态不受限制。
可根据实际表达的需要来确定。
Eg:
Histeacheroftensaysthatthatboyisagoodchild.
B.主句是一般过去时,宾语从句应与主句保持一致。
即使用过去时态的某种形式。
Eg:
Theoldmantoldmethathevisitedmanyplacesofinterests,suchastheGreatWall,SummerPalaceandsoon.
C.当从句但是表述一个客观事实,或客观真理或自然现象时,仍然用一般现在时来表示。
Eg:
Mygrandpatoldmethattheearthisround.
4.宾语从句与简单句的转换。
即与复合不定式短语的互相转换。
特殊疑问句充当的宾语从句可以转换为复合不定式短语。
在句子做及物动词。
Eg:
Shedoesn’tknowwhatsheshoulddonext.
→Shedoesn’tknowwhattodonext.
5.特殊例子
宾语从句的正常语序是:
疑问词who/whom/which/whose/what/when/where/why/how…+人/物(在从句中做主语)+动词(在从句中做谓语)
但是有些句子则是:
疑问词(同时也是从句的主语)+动词+其他……
对比区分:
a.Sheaskedmewhomyouareetalkingwith.
b.Sheaskedmewhowastalkingtoyoujustnow.
类似的句子还有:
1.Idon’tknowwhoisintheclassroom.
2.Canyoutellmewhathappenedjustnow?
3.Canyoutellmewhatisthematterwithyou?
4.Canyoutellmewhichisthewaytothecinema?
6.宾语从句的否定转移形式。
在宾语从句中,当主句的谓语动词为think,believe,expect,imagine,suppose等时,如果主句的主语为I(we)时,从句中表示否定意义的not应该转移到think/believe/expect/imagine/suppose前。
Eg:
Idon’tthinkyouareright.
Idon’tsupposehewillattendthismeeting.
注意:
如果主语不是I(we)时,则not不前移。
Eg:
Shethinksthatheranswerisn’tright.
7.引导词if与whether的区别。
a.
引导表语和同位语从句
Eg:
Thequestioniswhethertheyfinishdesigningthisprojectontime.
b.引导主语从句
Eg:
Whetherhewillhelpusisdoubtful.
c.在介词之后
Eg:
Everythingdependsonwhetheritisfinetomorrow.
d.在动词不定式之前
Eg:
Shedoesn’tknowwhethertoleaveorstay.
e.whether可以与ornot连用,而if不可以。
Eg:
Iaskedhimwhetherheknewtheanswerornot.
典型例题:
1.ProfessorWangwantedtoknow______________
A.whenwouldtheconferencebegin
B.whentheconferencewouldbegin
C.whenwilltheconferencebegin
D.whentheconferencewillbegin.
解析:
A。
宾语从句必须采用陈述句的语序。
排除A,C。
再者,主句是一般过去时,从句的时态须与主句的时态保持一致。
故选B。
2.Doyouknowwhattime______________?
A.theplanetakeoff
B.doestheplanetakeoff
C.theplanetakesoff.
D.willtheplanetakeoff.
解析:
B。
宾语从句必须采用陈述句的语序。
排除C,D.主句是一般现在时,从句也应用一般现在时。
从句中的主语时theplane,第三称人数,故用C.
3.Myteachersaidthatlight_____________(travel)3,000,000kilometersasecond.
解析:
travels。
宾语从句表示的是客观真理和客观事实时,此种情况下,从句永远只能用一般现在时来表示。
4.CanyoutellmewhereIcanbuytheticketforthemovie?
→Canyoutellmewheretobuytheticketforthemovie?
解析:
由特殊疑问句充当的宾语从句可以转换为复合不定式短语的形式。
习题操练:
Partone:
翻译下列句子
1.她说银行就在宾馆附近。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2.他想知道工人是否已经完成了工作。
_______________________________________________________________________________
3.她问那些小男孩正在操场上做什么?
_______________________________________________________________________________
4.他问我什么时间开始执行这个计划?
_______________________________________________________________________________
5.每个人都知道一小时是60分钟。
_______________________________________________________________________________
6.老师想知道为什么这么多学生总是感到如此的累。
_______________________________________________________________________________
7.我们认为他们是不能按时到达那里。
_______________________________________________________________________________
8.我想知道怎样做实验。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Parttwo:
根据提示改写句子
1.IsMr.Whiteatwork?
Heaskedme……(改成宾语从句)
Heaskedme___________Mr.White___________atwork.
2.Willthe30thOlympicGamesbeheldinLondon?
Couldyoutellme?
(合并含有宾语从句的复合句)
Couldyoutellme___________the30thOlympicGames___________beheldinLondon?
3.Whoishe?
Doyouknow?
(改为复合句)
Doyouknow_________________________________?
4.HowcanIgettothepostoffice?
Idon’tknow.(改为复合句)
Idon’tknow_________________________________gettothepostoffice.
5.Whattimetheplaneleaves?
Couldyoutellme?
(改为复合句)
_______________________________________________________________________________
6.Couldyoutellme______________________hotelsthereareinZhuhai?
(四)中考备考演练
Partone:
用适当的连词填空
1.Heknew___________heshouldworkhard.
2.Shewantedtoknow___________hermotherlikedthehandbag.
3.Ican’tsay___________hewillcometohelpusornot.
4.Doyouknow___________theyarewaitingfor?
5.Iaskedhim___________hearrivedattheairport.
6.Shealwaysthinksof___________shecanstudyEnglishwell.
7.Theywerepraisedfor___________theyhavedone.
8.Doyouknow___________keystheseare?
9.Let’sfindout___________SamwasgoingtoSydney?
10.Canyoutellme___________roombelongstoyou?
Parttwo:
翻译句子
1.你知道布朗先生是否在这所学校教书吗?
_______________________________________________________________________________
2.她说她已经看过这本书了。
_______________________________________________________________________________
3.他问这台机器是干什么用的?
_______________________________________________________________________________
4.我不知道我们该如何处理这些旧书籍
_______________________________________________________________________________
5.我想知道下周的运动会什么时候举行
_______________________________________________________________________________
6.你能否告诉你妈妈是出生在哪里?
_______________________________________________________________________________
7.我不能决定我应该买哪一本书?
_______________________________________________________________________________
8.你能否告诉我你们家离学校有多远?
_______________________________________________________________________________
Partthree:
用下列单词完成句子。
(that, what, who, which, where, when, how, why, whether/if)
1.Can you tell me ___________ the No.33 bus stop is?
2.Can you hear __________ is talking over there to Tom?
3.Could you tell me ___________ I can get to the station?
4.The teacher asks Tom ____________ he often comes to school late.
5.Do you know ___________ time the train leaves.
6.I don’t remember _________ we arrived.
7.Can you tell me __________ class you are in?
8.He said __________ he would like to see the headmaster.
9.Lily wanted to know _________ her grandma liked the handbag.
10.She asked _________ they had white hats.
Partfour:
将下列句子改为宾语从句。
1.She will leave a message on his desk.
She says _____________________________________________
2.Jim will forget his Chinese.
He is afraid ___________________________________________
3.What do I have to do?
I want to know.
______________________________________________________
4.Where does your sister work?
Can you tell me?
______________________________________________________
5.When has Lucy gone?
Do you know?
______________________________________________________
6.Where is the No.6 bus stop?
I ask the policeman.
______________________________________________________
7.Who will give us a talk?
Do you know?
______________________________________________________
8.How old is the dog?
Could you tell me?
______________________________________________________
9.Is she a teacher?
I want to know.
______________________________________________________
10.Does your father go to work by bike?
She asks me.
______________________________________________________
Partfive:
句型转换(改为宾语从句)。
注意时态和人称的变化。
1.He doesn’t want to eat anything.
He said he _________ ___________ to eat anything.
2.It takes him twenty minutes to go to school. He told the teacher.
He told the teacher _________ it _________ him twenty minutes to go to school.
3.How many pictures will the boy draw for us?
The teacher asked me.
The teacher asked me ________ __________ pictures the boy _________ _________ for us.
4.How many kites have you made for the children?
Uncle Li asked John.
Uncle Li asked John _________ ___________ __________ he _________ _________ for the children.
5.“ Will they come on time?
” The teacher wanted to know.
The teacher wanted to know ____